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Ti:

p D09-TP02 Mn hc: Vn a m Thc GVHD: . Lu ai ng. Sinh vin thc hin: Phan Tin D L Nguyn Tt Phong Hunh Th Hng Thy Phm Th Thanh Tuyn

DH609 00140 DH609 00154 DH609 00161 DH609 00166

TPHCM, Ngy 08 Thng 10 m 2012

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ti:Cc Mn Ch Hu

I.Lch S Hnh Thnh Tha Thin Hu............................................................... 2 1.V tr a l: ........................................................................................................ 2 2. a hnh: ............................................................................................................ 2 3.Kh hu: ............................................................................................................. 2 4.Ti nguyn thin nhin: ..................................................................................... 3 5.Kinh t: .............................................................................................................. 3 II.Vn Ha Hu: ..................................................................................................... 4 III.Vn Ha m Thc Hu. ................................................................................... 5 1. nh c trng v v( c v ring bit) ............................................................... 5 2.Phong ph v loi nguyn liu trong mt mn n v mn n trong ba n ...... 6 3. n n cu k, cng phu do nh hng nhiu t m thc cung nh ............... 6 4.Tnh khoa hc .................................................................................................... 6 VI.Mt S Mn Ch Hu. ...................................................................................... 7 1.Ch Tht Quay. .................................................................................................. 7 2. Ch Bp. ........................................................................................................... 9 3. h u Ng. .................................................................................................. 10 4.Ch Long Nhn Ht Sen. ................................................................................. 12

GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng.

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ti:Cc Mn Ch Hu

1.V tr a l: Tha Thin - Hu l 1 trong 4 tnh kinh t trng im min Trung, nm gia Th i v thnh ph H Ch Minh. Hu nm di t hp ca min trung Vit Nam, xt v v tr a l ha hin u l tnh cc am ca min duyn hi c rung b, nm gn trong phm vi 1505930-1604430 v c, pha Bc gip tnh Qung Tr, pha Nam gip thnh ph ng, pha y gip nc Lo, pha ng c gii hn bi Bin ng. Din tch t nhin l 5.054 km2 (s liu thng k nm 2003),dn s nm 2005 c 1.136,2 nghn ngi, mt trung bnh 225 ngi/km2. Tha Thin Hu c 8 huyn v Thnh ph Hu vi 150 x, phng, th trn. Thnh ph Hu nm trn trc giao thng quan trng Bc-Nam v trc hnh lang ng-Ty ni Thi Lan - Lo - Vit am theo ng 9. L C qua nhiu triu i nh Nguyn, Tha Thin Hu l ni giao thoa v kinh t - x hi vn ha ca ba min Bc Trung - Nam. Tha Thin Hu do l mt trong nhng trung tm vn ho, du lch, trung tm gio dc o to, y t ln ca c nc. 2.a hnh: Tha Thin - Hu nm trn mt di t hp vi chiu di 127 km, chiu rng trung bnh 60 km vi y cc dng a hnh rng ni, g i, ng bng duyn hi, m, ph v bin tp trung trong mt khng gian hp, thp dn t y sang ng, pha y l dy ni cao, pha gia l i ni thp v pha ng l di ng bng nh hp. Phn pha Ty ch yu l i ni, chim ti 70%. Ni chim khong 1/4 din tch t nhin, nm bin gii Vit Lo v vng tip gip vi ng. Phn ln cc nh ni c cao t 800 n hn 1.000 m, trong c ni ch M v Hi Vn l nhng a danh du lch ni ting. a hnh phn i phn b ch yu vng trung du, trong cc thung lng, chim khong din tch t nhin, cao phn ln di 500 m, c c im ch yu l nh rng, sn thoi. 3.Kh hu: Tha Thin - Hu nm trong khu vc nhit i gi ma, thuc vng ni ch tuyn nn tha hng ch bc x phong ph, nn nhit cao, c trng cho ch kh hu nhit i gi ma nng m, mang tnh cht chuyn tip t xch i ln ni ch tuyn gi ma, chu nh hng ca kh hu chuyn tip gia min Bc v min am nc ta. Thi tit chia thnh hai ma r rt. a ma bt u t thng 8 n thng 11 vi lng ma trung bnh t 2.500 2.700 mm. Ma kh ko di t thng 3 n thng 7, ma t, lng nc bc hi ln, thng c ma ging. hit trung bnh hng nm ti Hu l 240C.

GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng.

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ti:Cc Mn Ch Hu

S gi nng trung bnh 2.000 gi/nm. m trung bnh 84%. S lng bo kh nhiu, thng bt u vo thng 6, nhiu nht l vo thng 9, 10. Nhit khng kh gim dn t ng sang ty, gia tng lng ma t ng sang y v t c xung am. Lng ma gia tng min ni trung bnh pha y v Ty Nam c lin quan cht ch n hng cc dy ni chnh. 4.Ti nguyn thin nhin: Ti nguyn t: t Tha Thin - Hu c khong 10 loi chnh. Cc loi t c din tch tng i ln l t ph sa, t vng, t mn vng trn ni, t ct, mn phn b trn cc vng khc nhau. nh qun t nng nghip trn u ngi hin nay l 564m2 Ti nguyn rng: Thi im nm 2002, ton tnh c 234.954 ha t lm nghip c rng, trong : 177.550 ha rng t nhin v 57.395 ha rng trng. Ti nguyn khong sn: Ti nguyn khong sn ca Tha Thin - Hu rt phong ph v a dng, vi hn 100 im khong sn, trong c cc loi ch yu nh: vi, grant, cao lanh, titan, than bn, st, nc khong ng tr lng vi khong trn 1.000 triu tn, cao lanh vi tng tr lng khong trn 40 triu tn. Cc m ct vi hm lng SiO2 trn 98,4% v tr lng khong trn 15 triu tn c phn b nhiu ni trong tnh. Titan c tng tr lng khong trn 2 triu tn phn b dc theo di ct ven bin thuc cc huyn Qung in, Ph Vang, Ph Lc. Cc m nc khong vng hong in, h Vang ang c dng sn xut nc gii kht v phc v cha bnh. 5.Kinh t: Nm v tr trung trc giao lu c Nam v trn hnh lng kinh t xuyn ( ng Ty), Tha Thin Hu c iu kin thun li m rng giao lu, lin kt kinh t vi nhiu tnh, thnh ph trong nc v th gii vi h thng giao thng kh pht trin c ng b, ng bin, ng st v ng hng khng. Hu rt co tim nng du lch, im nng du lch ca ha hin - u kh phong ph, a dng, bao gm cc ti nguyn du lch t nhin v nhn vn, c iu kin pht trin nhiu loi du lch phong ph nh: du lch vn ho, du lch sinh thi, du lch bin, ni, du lch ngh dng, th thao nh quan thin nhin sng ni, rng, bin rt k th v ht sc hp dn vi a danh ni ting nh: sng ng, ni g, o i Vn, ni ch , ca n hun, bi bin Lng , nh ng, m ph am iang u l mt trong nhng trung tm vn ho ln ca Vit am, hin ang lu gi mt kho tng vt cht s, c qun th di tch c c U E xp hng di sn vn ho th gii vi nhng cng trnh kin trc cung nh v danh lam thng cnh ni ting. GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 3

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ti:Cc Mn Ch Hu

ng nghip gi vai tr ng lc thc y cc ngnh kinh t - x hi ca tnh pht trin. ng nghip ha hin - u c nhiu kh nng pht trin cc ngnh c li th v nguyn liu, nhn lc v th trng theo hng hin i, tinh xo. Trong ngnh nng - lm - thu sn, thu sn l ngnh kinh t mi nhn. hong tro nui trng, nh bt thu sn pht trin mnh. nh bt thu sn chuyn dch theo hng pht trin ngh khi, tp trung vo cc sn phm c gi tr xut khu cao. II.Vn Ha Hu: Vn ha u, mt nn vn ha ca s hi ha v gn b gia mi trng sng v ch nhn ca n. on ngi bit da vo v bin i ci t nhin ca Hu sng to nn lch s - vn ha u. i hi ha, m m ca phong cnh Hu n nhp vo con ngi Hu nhun nh v su lng. Vn ha u, mt nn vn ha c lm giu bi cc dng vn ha th - vn ha lng (cha) v vn ha cung nh (bc hc) - vn ha dn gian khng c s i lp, loi tr. S dung hp gia cc dng vn ha trn lm giu cho vn ha u. Theo thi gian, chng b sung v nng cao cho nhau, lm nn ci bn sc, "ci hn" ca vn ha Hu. Vn ha u, mt nn vn ha ca ci p trong ngh thut kin trc v phong cch sng. i n Hu khng th khng ni n di sn kin trc Hu v phong cch ngh thut sng ca ngi Hu. Khng phi ngu nhin m ngi ta vn quen gi thnh nhng cm t mang sc thi tiu biu ring cho Hu, nh: ngi Hu, kin trc Hu, nh vn Hu, mn n u, mu tm Hu, nn l Hu, ging Hu - ting Hu, ca Hu... Tt nhin khng phi ci g thuc v Hu u l bc nht c. Song trong ngh thut kin trc v phong cch sng, ci p vn l nt tri, nt tiu biu. Nt ring ca vn ha u cn c th hin qua n ni, n mc, n ung, n hc v c n chi ca ngi Hu. rong n ni, ngi Hu lun tn trng th bc th hin qua cch xng h lng, h v gia nh, khng phn bit tui tc, giu sang, ngho hn (c c mt h thng xng h khc vi nhiu vng). i vi xm ging, l cng nh quen u cn c vo tui tc m n ni. rn a bn Tha Thin Hu hin nay u c chung mt th ting l ting Hu, chung l th ging l ging Hu, khng phn bit dn lng hay thnh ph. gi ta vn bit n ging Hu nh nhng, c phn e p ca nhng c gi Hu t khc, ha hin u l vng t c truyn thng hiu hc, l ni quy t v o to nhn ti. gy nay, u tr thnh trung tm o to, nghin cu khoa hc ln ca min rung v c nc. GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 4

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ti:Cc Mn Ch Hu

III.Vn Ha m Thc Hu. Hu thuc min trung nc ta nn mang mt nt vn ha chung. Vn ho u l hi t v chu nhiu nh hng ca nhng lung vn ho n t nhng cng ng dn c khc nhau, s di dn ca cc dn tc khc vo u nh vit mng, champa, n cnh l nhng chuyn bin, bin ng trong sut qu trnh lch s lm cho nn vn ha cng nh trong vn ha m thc b nh hng rt nhiu. in trung c s tn ti ca vua cha cc triu i nh guyn, nh L nn b nh hng bi vn ha cung nh. ng ni y l u. hng c th ca lch s u, c bit k t khi u l kinh , l ni sng ca tng lp vng, ni hi t ca nhng tao nhn mc khch, cng hu khanh tng... nn n, thc ung theo l "ph qu sinh l ngha" nh hng ln n m thc u. uy tri qua mt thi gian kh di nhng nhng nh hng vn cn mi n by gi v c th s l nt vn ha ring cho x u cho n mai sau. Li n ung mang nt cung nh trong cch by tr, ch bin, cch thng thc, phi hp , o nhiu yu t tc ng n m min rung ni chung v s nt c trng sau y: 1.Tnh c trng v v( c v ring bit) Tri qua nhiu th k tch ly nhng yu t nhn vn ca c nc, bp n u cha ng y khu v ca mi min, t mn, ngt, bo, bi n chua, cht, ng, cay. gi Hu thch tt c cc v, nhng v no r v y. Mun mn c vi chc v ruc, ngt th mt chui cc loi ch (ch xanh nh, ch u vn), bo th c bn b, ng th c cho nm trm, cay dng cm hn. S m to nn hng v c trng trong mn n Hu. c trng ca cc mn n min trung l cay, u cng khng ngoi l. ngi min trung c thi quen n cay l mt phn do thi tit lnh n cay gip lm m c th. gi min trung chu thng, chu kh. Min trung l vng t cn ci, quanh nm gi Lo, vng t khng c thin nhin u i, cuc sng con ngi ngho kh. gi min trung thng n vi nhng thc n kim c t thin nhin, c bit khu vc min trung c vng b bin di, nhiu ao, h, sng ngi. o ngi min trung n rt nhiu bin nht l c. hn ch c v tanh ngi ta b t vo ch bin cng nhng mn n ny, mn no cng phi thm t t mi d n. V vy dn dn hnh thnh nn thi quen n nhiu t v n by gi th hu ht cc mn n ca ngi min trung u b t cay vo. gi min rung kh thay i nhanh np sng, cch sng, h thch cuc sng chm ri m chc chn. hng nhng cay m cc mn min rung c phn mn hn cc mn n min am. H nh mun ni ln hng v cuc sng thc ca h cay, mn ng,h thch n mn mn nh nc bin qu hng, yu thm min t bin cho h nhiu th v cng lm h khn n khng t. Mt khc, n mn cn l duy tr mt hm lng mui cn thit cho c th ra khi nh bt c trong nhiu ngy v sng trong nhng ngy tri nng nng. GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 5 u ni ring c mt

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2.Phong ph v loi nguyn liu trong mt mn n v mn n trong ba n Sn vt phong ph, a dng nhiu chng loi nhng thin nhin vn khng u i cho h, t ai khng mu m, a hnh phc tp, kh hu khc nghit nn d c a dng nhng b hn ch v mt s lng, chnh v vy h s dng phong ph cc ngun nguyn liu, ng thi do nh hng li sng cung nh ngy xa ng thin ca vua mi ba dng rt nhiu mn n 50 mn nn ngy nay mi mn n ch mt t nhng s lng cc mn n th nhiu. gi ch bin mn n h cng gii bin tu, thay i cch thc ch bin cho ph hp vi tng hon cnh. 3.Mn n cu k, cng phu do nh hng nhiu t m thc cung nh Cu k, cng phu khng ch cch ch bin, phi liu m cn khu by tr mn n sao cho p mt, hp dn ngi n. t mn n phi c y cc yu t hng, v, cch thc trnh by c bit ch mu sc thng rc r, bt mt nh mu , vng, nu sm, Cch by tr cu k gi min trung quan nim mi mn n l mi tm hn, cha ng mt tm s. ng thi vi tnh cch cn kim xa nay h cho rng mi sn vt l mt mn qu ca thin nhin, v th phi n cho ra n n bng ci tm, phi bit qu trng tng th lm nn mn n d cho c m bc, rt i bnh dn th vn phi ngon, phi hp dn. 4.Tnh khoa hc Mi mn n l mt v thuc, m dng hi ha chng hn vt, hn, c mt nn dng gng iu ha, tht luc n km vi chui cht, kh chua, v v cc th rau thm, rau mi khc chm vi mm tm, phi trn nguyn liu hp l, kch thch n ung bng hng thm v mu sc, n theo ma, v n theo kh nng kinh t. Trit l m thc Hu cn th hin tnh hng thin, hng v tm linh trong cc mn n. rong mt mm cm u lun c mn mt, mn m tnh cn bng vi mn nng, mn dng. c mn n c ngun gc thc vt cn bng vi ng vt. y l tnh hng thin, hng tm trong vn ha m thc Hu. Vi ngi Hu, nu mn n l th hin s am m ngh thut nu n cng nh ngi Hu am m th vy. Ngh thut l s chi i. hi nu n Hu c l l s chi hn c! Vi quan nim n trc ht l n bng mt, nn ngi ph n Hu rt dng cng trong vic to hnh cc mn n mt cch ngh thut, to nn s truyn cm mnh m mi khi ngi vo bn tic. c ting l thanh lch, ngi Hu li t ra snh iu trong n ung, khng ch trong khu chn nguyn vt liu m cn cu k t vic nm nu ch bin cho n cch by bin trang tr, c nh mi mn n c nng ln hng mt tc phm ngh thut. GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 6

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C th ni, ngi Hu n vi m thc khng theo ci ngha sinh hc gin n, m thng thc bng c khu gic, th gic v c thnh gic. Trong 1 ba cm ca ngi Hu thng c cc mn khai v, mn n chi, mn chnh v mn trng ming. Mn trng ming ca ngi Hu thng l cc loi tri cy v cn mt mn trng ming va c bit, va qun thuc m khng th khng k n l cc mn ch. Ch hu a dng v chng loi v mu sc, mi mn ch u c hng v ring, u mang trong n s kho lo ca ngi ph n s Hu. IV.Mt S Mn Ch Hu. Hu - ci tn qu quen thuc i vi khng ch con ngi Vit Nam m cn vi khng t cc nc bn trn ton th gii. u khng ch c bit n bi nhng danh lam thng cnh tuyt p nh cha ng, ni g, ,.m cn ni ting bi nt c o trong vn ha m thc ni y. t s mn n ni ting c th ni n nh cm n, bn b, l bnh khoi, nem Li, bnh bt lcv c bit l nhiu loi ch a dng mn, mi v v sc mu khc nhau. n mnh t ng v mn ngt chua cay ng ca m thc u. c mn ch u vn l mn trng ming a thch ca ngi dn thng ngy v cn l mn c dng cng t nhn cc ngy l, tt ngi ni n u m cha thng thc ch u th coi nh l cha n ni y. u c cc loi ch t cc loi ch c tin cho vua c gi l ch cung nh n cc loi ch bnh dn nh ch hm. i tn ch hm khng phi t nhin m c, c l v bi n thng nm su trong cc ng ngch vi rt nhiu loi ch khc nhau m theo cch ni biu trng ca ng b ta xa nu ngoi i c 36 ph phng th u cng c 36 th ch. i loi ch c mt hng v ring, nt tinh t ring nh chnh con ngi u. ghe tn thi cng thy c s hp dn, u c ti hng chc loi ch khc nhau. nhng loi cu k nh ch ht sen, ch nhn bc ht sen, ch ht lu, ch tht quay, ch mn sp vng, ch bng cau... t s ch bnh dn nh: ch bp, ch tri nc, ch k, ch khoai s, ch u vn, ch bt lc, ch u xanh, ch u , ch thp cm, ch khoai mn, ch khoai mi, ch ht .... ch c tn mt nhn thy v nm th th mi c th cm nhn c ht hng v tht s ca chng. ni y, ch khng ch l mn trng ming thng thng m cn l mt phn khng th thiu trong i sng ca ngi dn v trong kho tng m thc u. m hiu v ch u l tm hiu mt phn khng nh v m thc x u, mang m nt truyn thng. y cng tm hiu bit thm con ngi u h to ra nhng mn ch c sc nh th no phn no bit c thi quen, s thch ca con ngi ni y. 1.Ch Tht Quay. gi Hu vn kho tay, n ung cu k, tinh t nn ch bin c nhiu th ch rt l, ma vn rt ngon. Mt trong s nhng mn ch l y l ch bt lc tht quay hay GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 7

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cn c gi ngn gn bng ci tn ch tht quay, nghe tn thi cng thy n l, tn nghe l m khi n ri cn thy l hn na. l mt mn ch c o c xem l "c nht v nh" ca Hu, c l ch c Hu ngi ta mi ngh ra mn n l ny, n mang mt phong cch rt Hu. Ch tht quay nm trong nhng mn ch sang trng mang mu sc cung nh bi s kt hp c o ca cc loi nguyn liu, s phi hp to bo ca v ngt-mn tng chng nh khng th li tr nn c th, chng nhng th m cn rt tuyt . cng phu th hin trong cch ch bin v c trong cch thng thc. Nhn s qua th mn ny trng nh mn ch bt lc thng thng . iu lm nn s c o v khc bit ln nht chnh l bn trong vin bt, thay v l mt ht u phng rang th l mt "vin" tht nc heo quay nho nh. Ch c hnh vin trn nh, lm bng bt nng, khi luc chn, vin bt t mu trng c thnh mu trng trong, n vi nc ng v y l mn ch lun c n ngui hay nng m ch khng bao gi n lnh do c th ca mn n.

Ci tinh t ca mn ch lc quay ny l ngi n ch ang nhai nh nh vin bt thng thc cm gic dai dai, dn dn pha ln v ngt thanh thanh ca ng phn th bt ng nhn ra v bo nh, m ca v tht quay. Vin tht trn ln vi v ngt ch lm thnh mt th mi v rt l ming. u tin l v ngt nc ng, sau l v bi ca bnh, tip n l v gin ca da, v tht bt ng v mn ca tht v v bo ca m to s ho quyn n hon ho. Tuy l c nhn l tht heo quay nhng mu tht ny khng mn lm chi hi hi mn thi, mu tht trc khi lm nhn c sn vi nc ng cho m nn mi tht, m khng nh hng n v ngt ca ch. Nu phn tch th mn ch ny cng c phi hp theo m dng. hn tht heo quay c s dng nhit nn l dng, bao bc bn ngoi l bt lc do ngon tch nhit m, vin bt lc hi ha. hng si gng ct nh cay nng hi ha vi v ngt ca nc GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 8

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V c bn, cch lm khng khc g ch bt lc thng thng, nguyn liu gm c bt lc (bt nng) tht i heo quay, ng, m rang vng gi nhuyn, gng non ct si. Bt trong dai gin cng vi v ngt thanh ca ng phn, v bo ca tht lm cho mn ch bt lc bc tht heo quay mang hng sc ring, khng ln vo u c. Mn ch ny thng c lm khi trong gia nh c gi chp hay m tic ln.. H xo li ba loi thc phm ny vi gia v thnh mt loi nhn ring bit lm mn ch bt lc tht quay. n nhiu ni khc nhau mn ny c mt s thay i, nhn tht mn ny c ngi lm phn nhn tht quay vi nm mo v mng luc ct nh. Dng tht ton nc hay c t m l ty s thch mi ngi. ni chung, d u th hng v ca mn che ny u kh c th qun khi mt laagn nm th. Ngt ngo bi bo tm nhau Tht quay nm gia trng phau bt mm Quen nhau tnh nn duyn Ch ngon x Hu ng qun ng v 2. Ch Bp. thnh ph u, ch bp c bn nhiu ni nhng ngon nht vn l ti cn n mt hn o nh ni ln gia dng sng ng pha di l cu rng in v thuc v t thn V xa. n n bn ma cy tri tt ti xanh bic nm gia vng tay mm mi ca sng ng. n n cng l ni hi t ca cc loi hn sng y ng iang v ch vi con hn vt ln t y ngi u mi to c cc mn n dn d lng danh cm hn ri bn hn. n bp dng nu ch l loi bp np mc trn cn hi lc cha gi nhng khng phi l lc cn qu non. ri bp sau khi bc b lp o bn ngoi, n nh tay mt ht cn thy mm mi, gh rng cn th th ht bp lin v ra a vo mi vo li mt th sa non qunh nh nha ti va ngt va ngy va thm mi xa l. ri bp sau khi no ly phn ht bn ngoi, phn li cn li s c dng luc ly nc nu ch. h bp phi nu rt k, t cng phi 2 - 3 ting k c thi gian luc nn bp. hi no mc ln thy c snh th mi th ng vo ni ri bc xung. h nu ngt sn nn khi n c th b thm nhiu bo. rc y, ch thng mc ra bt nh nhng by gi thay bng loi ly ln. gi ham n cng ch ni vi ba li khng th n no. n u, mun n ch bp chnh gc cn n xin c vic i qua p vo n V ri i tip tc dc ng hun n cho n khi gp mt cy cu nh bn tri bc GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 9

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qua cu l sang n cn n. ong con ng th v nht i qua n l n p xung ngang cp bn n. n y theo s pht trin chung ca thnh ph u, thn V xa nay bin i nhiu nhng ti t n n mi v chn qu c dng nh vn cn nguyn vn. hi ngi di mt mi tranh n s hay di mt gin u vn tru qu hay tuyt nht l di mt gc kh gi sn si nhm nhi mt ly ch bp hng v ngt ngo ca chn ng ni kt tinh trong tng ht bp non lan to ni u li, bn s cm nhn rt r iu ny.

V ri n khi ra v, v ngt mt ca bt ch bp, hng thm m h ca ly nc u vn c ung sau khi n cn bt ch s cn ui theo mnh rt lu. c gi i sau ln thm u tr v cn vit trong th gi ngi bn u mi quen rng: "mi khi nh u l mnh li nh ngay bt ch bp n n, nh tm bnh khoi, ming cm hn v nh t o tm ca ai bay theo chiu gi lt nh trn dng ng ng". h y, nh nhau trc ht l ming ngon x u, bt ch bp c nhc ti u tin ri, mi nh n ai sau. h bp cn n liu c xng ng vi nim t ho ca ngi dn u ti hoa khng? i ngh rng rt xng ng, chc rng chng c ai phn i li ti.

3.Ch u Ng. h u ng u l mt mn ch rt ni ting. u ng th c rt nhiu ni trng nhng u ng hu dng nh c mt hng v ni bt rt ring. u ng thng c ngi u trng trong vn nh, lng lng trn gin tre bn cnh nhng ngi nh rng. ri u ng c thn dp, v mng, bn trong c t 3 n 5 ht u. t u to bng ngn tay ci nhng nhn rt thanh mnh, mu xanh trng, c mi thm c trng. v GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 10

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nhng ht u cng lm nn mt mn ch ring ca vng t c . ng truyn, thi xa ch u ng thng c dng ln cho vua, ngi bnh dn him khi c n. i th mi c nhng cu th sau: hc ngon xa tin qun vng inh hoa tri t m hng kinh thnh h u ng mt v thanh m dng chn ngc an lnh chu thn.

gy nay, nhiu gia nh u thng nu ch vo mi dp cng k hay chiu i khch qu. hi mm ch nng hi c bng ra, hng ch thanh tao quyn ln hng trm thoang thong to nn mt phong v rt ring ca u.

u ng nu ch theo kiu u thng chn la k cng nhng tri u ng ti, mi hi, v c mu xanh. u ng c tch ht ra khi hai lp v v ht u c bc GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 11

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c lp v bao quanh ht u. u ng c hp chn bng nc da vi k thut tuy khng cu k nhng i hi phi kho lo. u phi chn va phi u gi c nguyn vn khng b nt, khi u va chn c vt ring ra cho vo bt. au nc da c thm ng phn hoc ng ct trng nu cho trong vt v v ngt va phi thm vo u ng, ui cng nc da ng mi c ngp trong bt u ng c xp kho lo. i vy ch u ng u thm lm bi v ngt na. h u ng c p lnh trc khi dng v c thm vi n hoa li hoc hoa bi ti cho p v ta hng thm du du. t u mm, trng, c v mt, thanh m, gii nhit. Ch mi nhn vo chn ch thi ta c cm gic mt ri, nc ng trong veo thy r tng ht u trng ng p mt. Mc nh nh mt mung a vo ming, nhm mt li thng thc khi hng ch thoang thong, thanh tao, v ci cm gic bi bi khi ht u tan dn ni u li. V m dng ch u thuc hn nhit v: u ng tnh m, nc da ng phn tnh m nn ch u ng thng c dng trong nhng ngy h nng bc gii nhit cho c th gip c th iu ha. h u ng ca Hu thm, ngon mi v c trng hn nhng ni khc c l do u ng trng Hu c hng v rt ring v c cch ch bin h u ng khi ri khi x Hu c bin th khc nhau nh min Nam mt s ni thm vo l da khi nu ch u ng lm cho ch khi nu ra c mi hng l da thoang thong, cng c ni khi nu s thm vo nc hoa bi khi n vo c c hng thm nh nh ca bi, ch u ng hng bi ny n bi bi, thanh nh v thm mt thch hp vi ngi ln. c bit ch u ng thnh mn n khoi khu ca tr em nn con thm nc ct da vo trn mt chn ch to nn ch u ng ct da bi bo, d n. 4.Ch Long Nhn Ht Sen. T lu sen l mt hnh nh quen thuc vi ngi dn Vit Nam, sen mc mc gin d nh chnh con ngi Vit Nam: rong m g p bng sen L xanh bng trng li chen nh vng Nh vng bng trng l xanh Gn bn m chng hi tanh mi bn Sen l quc hoa, hoa sen i vi ngi dn Vit nam tht gn gi, thn thng nh mt phn mu tht ca qu hng mnh. Loi hoa y lun gn b, gn gi vi i GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 12

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sng ngi dn nng thn ng bng Vit Nam v tot ln v cao qu, thanh khit. Sen cng l mt phn khng th thiu trong m thc Vit Nam, sen c th ch bin thnh nhiu mn n hp dn khc nhau: vt tim ht sen, b tim ht sen, xi ht sen, bnh ht sen, mt ht sen, cm chin sen, c sen chin bt, gi ng sen, c sen hm xng...v c bit khng th khng k n mn ch ht sen. Mn ch ht sen ngon nht c l chnh l ch ht sen Tnh Tm ca Hu. Ch ht sen l mt trong nhng mn ch trang nh nht thng dng trong vic cng knh hay i khch qu. Ch ht sen trang nh, trc ht l do do hnh thc p vi v p va n gin, va qu phi. Ly ch hay chn ch ht sen c nc trong vt. Ht sen trng ng, n ra tng phin e d, hin du nhn nh khun mt tri xoan im cht ci n trang i. trang nh cn tot ra t hng ch thm nh nh. Ht sen nu chn c v ngt bi rt t nhin. Ht sen nu ch theo kiu Hu c em hp chn, sau ht sen chn nu chung vi nc ng ct trng hay ng phn trong vt cho n khi ni ch va si rt nh, v ngt ca ng thm vo ht sen l c. Gi cho ht sen chn vn trn tra v mm mi, khng b v ra lm c nc i hi phi canh chng la un si va phi, ng tc khuy, trn rt cn trng nh nhng v nht l thi gian khng gi, khng non. Nu gi, ht sen s mt hng thm t nhin v nu non, hng sen s khng ta ngt. ng sen du ngt thin nhin khng th thay th bng nhng hng liu nhn to c. Hnh thc thng hoa cao nht ca ch ht sen l mn ch ht sen bc nhn lng. y l mt s kt hp hi ha ca mi v, hng v, khu v v th hiu. Ht sen mu trng ng, kt hp vi mu trng trong ca ta (hay tht) ca tri nhn, gi l nhn nhc, to ra mt mu sc rt du, hi ha v thanh khit. ng thm t nhin ca tri nhn v ht sen u phng pht nh nhng v gn gi nh mi thm ca nhng loi hoa pha vi tr bui sng. V ngt bi ca ht sen v ngt sc ca nhn kt hp li s thnh v ngt trung dung ca nhng loi tri chn trn cy. Ht sen chn rt b c gi trong nhn nhc mm mi, dn tan rt hp vi s thch v khu v ca nhiu la tui gi cng nh tr. Ch ht sen bc nhn lng ca Hu l tng nht l sen h Tnh bc nhn lng Thnh Ni. Sen h Tnh Tm b v thm ni ting nhng ht hi nh so vi cc ni khc. Nhn trng hai bn nhng con ng xung quanh i Ni ti ma kt tri c lng trong mo cau. Tri nhn chia lm hai loi l nhn t v nhn ro. hn t mng nc m tht mm. Nhn ro dn, tri nh nhng tht dy v ht nh. hn dng bc ht sen nht thit phi l nhn ro. c bit l ht nhn lng Thnh Ni nh nhn v va vn vi tm ca ht sen h Tnh nn i vi mt ngi kho tay, sau khi tri nhn lt GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 13

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sch v, mi ht nhn lng Thnh Ni c ly ra v thay vo bng mt ht sen h Tnh, tri nhn lng bc v nhn lin ln v t nhin nh thu cha thay chng, i thip. hn lng bc trong ht sen hp chn s c vo chung vi nc ng ct trng hay nc ng phn ngui. hn ra i, ln ln, ri gi v chn t trong tri nn u cn nu thm mi chn. i v ch ht sen bc nhn lng u l mt s tng hp chung t trong tng ci ring c o: i thm v ngt ca sen, ca nhn lng, ca ng ha chung trong nc mt ca chn ch nhng vn gi nguyn bn sc, khng b ng ha bin thnh mt cht liu hay mt hnh thi khc. c bit hn l ch ht sen bc nhn lng cng c ch bin theo quy lut m dng cn bng, hn nhit iu ha: nhn nng tnh dng, kt hp vi ht sen tnh m to s cn bng m dng. Ch ht sen nhn lng ca Hu thm, ngon mi v trng hn nhng ni khc c l do nguyn liu c trng ca Hu v c cch ch bin. Ch ht sen nu nu theo kiu Bc th ht sen chun b nu ch cn phi ngm vi nc tro trong vng 5 ting ng h. au ht sen c ra sch v em nu chn nh, thm ng, thnh ch. Mi v ch sen thng c trang im thm vi nc hoa bi hay va-ni. Nu l ht sen ti th s c nu nguyn ht cho n khi chn mi em ra bc v, xoi tim, chun b nu ch. Cn ht sen nu theo kiu Hu th thng l ht sen ti, thun thin nhin. Nu l ht sen kh hay cn th c ra v ngm vi nc lnh, rt t ngi dng thm nc tro hay mt cht no khc pha vo, c l v s sen khng hng nh c n ngoi ch, nh trai v, nh gi ga l thi.... s khc bit kh r rng v mn ch lin quan n nhn v ht sen gia ba min c, rung, am. min c, ch long nhn khng nu km vi ht sen m ch nu thun bng nhn nhc. min am, cng gi l ch long nhn nhng c ht sen v nhn nhc phi kh, nu chung nhng li nhn khng bc sen. h nhn nhc c hai min c am u c un si, nu chn vi nc ng. hn nu chn thng b i mi v i v. hn ngt m hn v khng cn gi nguyn mi thm thin nhin, nh nhng nh khi cn ti. Ni v thng thc ch ht sen nhn lng th n cng l c mt ngh thut. Ni v ci n th khng phi ai cng bit n m thng thc tinh ty ca ch sen. n ch ht sen phi thi ch khng phi l n. hi, khng phi ch n gin l ng tc b vo ming ri nhai v nut nh ci n phm phu. Thi l ngm m nghe. ng l n nhng cn phi to iu kin cho thc n bc hng, m v ta ngt, tri mng nc v bay lng ng qua tng tng phin vi ti ca khu gic v v gic. hi ch ht sen cn phi vo nhng thi im thch hp nh hng by, hng l, ba khuya. l thi GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 14

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im gia ba n tra v gia bui cm chiu; hay lc v m, bng xt xa mun n thm mt cht cho mt lng, mt d trc gi i ng. V.Thng thc ch Hu: u bn n u vo mt ngy h, gia ci nng chy da, chy tht ca min rung, th bn hy nhanh chn tm n thng thc ch hm, bn va c th tha mn cn kht ca mnh m cn c th nm cc loi ch khc nhau vi nhng hng v rt ring, v cng rt ngon. hng ai bit ch hm c u t bao gi m ch bit gi l th bi n thng nm su trong cc ng ngch vi rt nhiu loi ch khc nhau m theo cch ni biu trng ca ng b ta xa nu ngoi i c 36 ph phng th u cng c 36 th ch. i loi ch c mt hng v ring, ngon b, tinh t v cu k nh chnh con ngi ni y. h bp ngt mt tinh khit, va thm va bi nu t bp ng non ca cn n, ch ht sen vi th hng trm tht l ca ging sen h nh m loi sen tin vua. Li cn ch nhn bc ht sen ngt thanh, thm bi v nhiu loi ch nh ch ht lu, ch tri nc, ch khoai s Mt ly ch mt lnh ngy h hay mt chn ch nng m lng ngy ng s cng ngon, cng hp dn hn nu thng thc cng gia nh v bn b. C gia nh cng quy qun bn nhau, cng tr chuyn, cng chia s nhng iu trong cuc sng v nu cng thng thc nhng chn ch bo bo bi bi th s cng th v, cng m cng hn. ay nhng c cu hc sinh, nhng ngi bn va nhm nhi thng thc nhng mn ch mnh yu thch va tr chuyn, tm s vi bn b th c l khng g bng. Bn c th d dng thng thc cc mn ch Hu nhng qun ch, m ni ting l nhng qun ch hm, vi rt nhiu nhng mn ch vi nhiu mu sc bt mt. Hay bn cng c th thng thc nhng mn ch ny cc gnh ch rong ca cc M, nhng gnh ch cng vi ting rao ca ca cc M tr thnh nhng hnh nh quen thuc ca ngi dn x Hu. V bn cng c th thng thc cc mn ch mnh yu thch ngay ti nh, nhng mn ch Hu ch bin khng qu cng phu nhng s cn mt cht kho lo ca ngi ph n, ch vi nhng nguyn liu n gin, d tm v mt t s kho lo, t m th bn s c ngay mt mn ch a thch thng thc cng gia nh ngi thn hay cng bn b. thng thc ch Hu th cng l mt ngh thut, khng nn n vo lc qu i hay qu no. Nu qu i th bn s n 1 cch nhanh chng nn s khng cm nhn c ci ngon ca ch, cn nu n vo lc qu no th bn cng s khng cn thy ngon na, s khng cm nhn c v, hng thm ca ch na. ch n ngon nht l mc tng GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng. 15

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mung, cho ch vo ming, ngm mt lc thng thc ht v ngt, v bo, hng thm ca ch. n ch l mt ngh thut thng thc ch khng pi ch l b vo ming nai ri nut nh ng b ta ngy xa vn ni l ci n phm phu. h thng c n vo ba l, ba x hay lc khuya, khi thc khuya lm vic hay hc hnh m c mt chn ch lt d th khng g bng.

GVHD: C. Lu Mai Hng.

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