Pre-employment screening has increased in recent years. This paper examines the effects of four pre-employment screening tools (reference interviews, criminal record checks, credit bureau investigations, and education verifications) in identifying negative indicators about job applicants. More specifically this investigation identifies, for a Canadian organization, the percentage of negative indicators that were uncovered by each screening tool as well as the percentage of negative indicators that were uncovered through the use of combinations of screening tools. The percentages have been found to be in line with the data already available for American organizations. The main contribution of this research however is to show that when various screening tools are used in conjunction they have a greater potential to uncover applicants negative histories through a synergistic process termed cross-referencing. The results indicate that cross-referencing increases the rate at which negati...

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En el presente estudio se analiza, sobre la base del marco normativo europeo, la legitimidad de la prohibición de mediación penal vigente en el ordenamiento español en relación con los delitos de violencia de género y contra la libertad sexual. Partiendo del modelo de justicia restaurativa que se deriva de las Recomendaciones del Comité de Ministros del Consejo de Europa CM/Rec(2018)8 y CM/Rec(2023)2, se aportan argumentos al polémico debate sobre esta medida que refuerzan la tesis favorable a su derogación, y se muestra que, desde la perspectiva de un concepto abierto y flexible (moderno) de justicia restaurativa, en línea con el acogido en los estándares internacionales y europeos más relevantes sobre la materia, las razones que se esgrimen en apoyo de dicha prohibición pierden sentido. ABSTRACT: This study analyses, on the basis of the European normative framework, the legitimacy of the current prohibition of criminal mediation in Spanish law in relation to offences of gender-based violence and offences against sexual freedom. Departing from the model of restorative justice derived from the Recommendations of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe CM/Rec(2018)8 and CM/Rec(2023)2, arguments are brought to the controversial debate on this measure aimed at reinforcing the thesis in favour of its repeal. It is shown that, from the perspective of an open and flexible (modern) concept of restorative justice, in line with the most relevant international and European standards on the subject, the reasons put forward in support of this prohibition lose meaning.

This paper incorporates the so-called Bhaduri-Marglin accumulation function in Goodwin’s original growth cycle model and econometrically estimates the proposed model for the case of the US economy in the time period 1960–2012, using a modern Bayesian sequential Monte Carlo method. Based on our findings, the US economy follows an exhilarationist regime throughout our investigation period with the sole exception of an underconsumption regime for the time period 1974–1978. In general, the results suggest that the proposed approach is an appropriate vehicle for expanding and improving traditional Goodwin-type models.