- Interpretation of the tourism terms. - The tourism markets of the two countries: Korea and Vietnam. - The strategies on tourism development of the two country: Korea and Vietnam. - Comparison of the strategies on tourism of the two countries. - INTRODUCTION During the past several decades, the world has witnessed the meteoric rise of the Republic of Korea as a major player on the international stage. - Experience drawn from Korean case study will be applied to the practices in Vietnam in an effort to plan and implement the development strategies on tourism of the country. - Interpretation of the tourism terms In this report, the following terms will be constructed as follows: 1.2.1. - Examining, inspecting, settling complaints and denunciations, and handling violation of the tourism legislation.. - THE TOURISM MARKETS OF THE TWO COUNTRIES: KOREA AND VIETNAM 2.1. - Sobaeksan National Park Located north Yongju, Sobaeksan (4,721ft) is at the beginning of the Sobaeksanmaek Mountain Range. - Nearby is Pusoksa Temple, noted for some of the oldest wooden architecture in Korea. - Kyongju National Park Kyongju, the ancient capital of the Shilla Kingdom, is directly East of Taegu. - Tadohae Haesany National Park Located on the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula, this maritime park is made up of several beaches and islands. - The Korean were a homogenous people by the beginning of the Christian Era. - Western music was introduce at the end of the 19th century and gained rapid acceptance. - Many of their dances combined features of the two. - Many master painters produced works of the so-called “Four Gentlemen” (the plum, orchid, chrysanthemum and bamboo). - The layout of the temple is a symbolic representation of the Buddha Pure Land. - In particular, the central Buddha figure embodies a sense of the profound and sublime. - 52) at Haeinsa Temple is the repository of the woodblocks used to print the Tripitaka Koreana (National Treasure No.32). - The characters on each block are uniform as if carved by a single hand – a testimony to the advanced engraving techniques of the time. - The World Textual Heritage: Hunmin Chong-um The term Humin Chong-um (correct sounds for Instructing the People) has three meanings: it was the original name of the Korean alphabet, which was renamed Han-gul (meaning |”Great Letters”) in the 20th century. - The writing system was created by the fourth monarch of the Choson Dynasty King Sejong the Great (r . - He also had the scholars of the Hall of Worthies write a general explanation and examples of its use. - In the early 20th century, four repositories contained copies of the text. - and the National Folk Museum, both in Seoul, have two of the finest collections in Korea. - Of the several universities and private institutions Hoam Art Museum at Yong-in, South of Seoul, houses perhaps the finest private collection in the nation. - The Kyongju National Museum One of the finest museum in Korea, this institution houses over 19,300 Shilla relies. - Tongdaemun Market Tongdaemun Market is one of the oldest and largest markets in Seoul. - But it is within easy walking distance of most major downtown hotels and is definitely one of the places to see around town. - Lunar New Year’s Day (Lunar January 1) Lunar New Year’s Day (Sollal) is one of the most important traditional events of the year. - It is a cerebration of the harvest and a thanks giving for the bounty of the earth. - Family members come from all parts of the country to visit their ancestral homes. - You can enjoy a virtual reality presentation of life in the ancient Shilla Kingdom, Korean traditional folk recitals as well as performances from some of the other ASEM countries, puppet fete, etc. - all are members of the Korea Youth Hostel Association. - Many international airlines maintain a regular flight service, with over 220 flights per day between Seoul and major cities of the world. - An extensive network covers almost every part of the national. - Domestic ferryboats: boats are one of the most interesting ways to travel around Korea. - Several international events held in Korea contributed to the improvement of the image of Korea to the outside world. - Vietnam is located in the center of the Southeast Asia, and its shaped like the letter “S”. - The country lies in the eastern part of the Indochina Peninsula, bordered by China to the North, Laos and Cambodia to the West and the East Sea and Pacific Ocean to the Southeast. - The Northwestern Zone This zone is comprised of mountains that run from the North of the Sino- Vietnamese border to the West of Thanh Hoa Province. - It is also known worldwide for being the location of the legendary Ho Chi Minh Trail constructed during the second great resistance war. - The South Truong Son Zone This zone is located to the West of the south central coast provinces. - There are numerous legendary accounts of the flora and fauna and of the lives of several different ethnic minorities living in the Central Highlands. - The ancient Viet people settled at the junction of the two rivers. - At the core of the islands, there are wonderful caves and grottoes, such as Thien Cung (Heavenly Residence Grotto), Dau Go (Driftwood Grotto), Sung Sot ( Surprise Grotto), and Tam Cung ( Three Palace Grotto). - There are an estimated 2,000 different species of flora and the 450 species fauna account for 38% of the national fauna. - Bach Ma National Park is now considered to be another Dalat, but in the center of the country. - Along with Tan Phu forest, Nam Cat Tien forest is part of the primitive and tropical forests of South Vietnam. - In early 1997, the tomb of a primitive man was excavated in the center of the park. - (ii) Vietnam’s cultural resources on tourism * People and language At the beginning of the Bronze, the Viet tribe groups had settled down in the North and in the North of Central Vietnam. - The Van Lang Nation approximately lasted from the beginning of the first millennium B.C. - Chu Nom probably originated around the end of the northern domination period and early in the 10th century. - In conjunction with the development of the nation, the Vietnamese language was constantly developed and improved. - Songs of the same genre often differ very much in melody and expression from ethnicity to ethnicity. - As a result, lullabies, for example, of the king differ from those of the Muong. - Traditional music has played an important role in the lives of the Vietnamese. - Currently, music still has occupies a considerable position in the spiritual lives of the Vietnamese. - Some genres of music still exist in rural areas, which others were brought to the stage to meet the demands of the population. - Fine art and craft products Vietnam is a country rich in handicraft products, thanks to the hardworking, dexterous, and creative qualities of the Vietnamese people. - For a very long time, handicraft products have been a source of cultural pride and a source of income of the people. - Woven tapestries and Tho Cam handbags are unique works from skilled hands of the ethnic women living in the Northwestern regions, such as Cao Bang. - Stalls in the markets serve vegetarian food on the 1st and the 15th days of the lunar month, and there are several restaurants serving it all the time. - Occupied by early western traders, Hoi An was one of the major trading centers in Southeast Asia in the 16th century. - Tourists can visit the relics of the Sa Huynh and Chan cultures. - They can also enjoy the beautiful scenery of the romantic Hoi An River, Cua Dai Beach and Cham Island. - The main component of the Cham architectural design is the tower, built to reflect the divinity of the king. - The top of the upper layer is made of sandstone and carved with elephant and Lion designs. - All who visits the Vietnam History Museum gain a clearer understanding of the prolonged process of defending the country. - The Museum of the Cultures of Vietnam’s Ethnic Groups is a repository depicting the culture of ethnic groups living throughout the nation. - The Cham Museum was built in 1915 with the financial support of the French Far-East research Institute in Vietnam. - In the past, the capital of the Champa nation was located in Da Nang. - Other famous sites of the Champa civilization include Tra Kien, Dong Duong, My Son and Thap Man. - It was also the office of the Nam Bo provisional Administrative Committee (1945) and of the republic of France High Commissioner. - The building was later reconverted into the residence of the Governor of Nam Ky. - The image of the capital city of Vietnam rapidly developing from a backward agricultural economy and small-scale production is reflected clearly in the scenes and daily file of Ha Noi’s markets. - Traditional festival and events Festivals have long been considered as the traditional cultural activity of the Vietnamese people. - Festivals are the living cultural museums of the way people live. - Tet (Lunar January 1), the most important festival of the year, marking the new lunar year as well as the advent of spring. - Holiday of the Death (April), which commemorate deceased relatives. - Korea tourism and Korea’s strategy on tourism development The word “tourism” meant nothing to Korean who lived in the early part of the last century. - It is no surprise that Korea government has designated tourism, once considered marginal for the national industry, as the major industry of the new era. - The founding goal of the ITC was to create a basic tourism infrastructure in order to attract more foreign currency. - As a result of this effort, the number of the foreign visitors passes the 100,000 marks. - Several regional tourism organizations and training schools for hotels management were built under the sponsorship of the ITC. - In 1971, the development of the Bomun Lake Resort in Gyeongju is begun. - The development of the Mt. - By the end of the 1970s, the number of foreign visitors to Korea reached one million. - The successful hosting of the Seoul Olympics in particular played an important role in changing the image of Korea to the outside world. - Therefore, the policy focus of the ITC, which changed its name to the Korea National Tourism Cooperation (KNTC) in 1986, was on expanding tourism accommodations and service facilities. - While the 1980s saw the tourism sector high times due to the upsurge in the number of inbound tourists, it suffered a great setback in the early part of the 1990s, though number of foreign visitors passes three million mark in . - During these past years, along with the renovation of the country, Vietnam tourism gradually had been developed. - In 1981, Vietnam Tourism has become a member of the World Tourism Organization (WTO). - The Vietnam government took cognizance the importance of the tourism in the economy. - During these pat years, along with the renovation of the country, Vietnam Tourism gradually had been developed. - 3.3.Comparison of the strategies on tourism of the two countries 3.3.1. - In this command economy, the Vietnam government has owned a considerable fraction of the means of production. - Ari Kokko, Marro Zejan – Vietnam – The next stage of reforms. - World Bank – Vietnam – Preparing for take-off? An information Economic Report of the World Bank, Ha Noi, December 1999