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Almost every day, news headlines and newspapers associate Muslims and Islam with violence and extremism. As a result, in recent times, the concept of Islamophobia has taken fundamental socio-political significance in the West. Islamophobia is commonly interpreted as unfounded fear, hostility and prejudice against Islam and Muslims. Historically, however, criticism against Islam has existed since its formative period; primarily against Islamic political thought and the Prophet of Islam. This criticism came from Christians and Jews, even though some historians argue that anti-Muslim sentiments and anti-Semitism originate from the same source (Said, 1985). That being said, more recently the media has been under intense scrutiny for inciting Islamophobia and perpetuating stereotypes about Muslims and Islam. However, the manifestation of Islamophobia in media of various forms has become increasingly sophisticated; hence, difficult to detect. Research suggests that the main source of information regarding Islam is the media. Therefore, this essay will attempt to provide a working definition of Islamophobia based on its historical and geopolitical context; following on from this will be a critical examination of Islamophobic depictions in the media; and will, thereby, conclude with the implications of Islamophobia in Western societies.
Rapport 2022 de la TerraForma Corp
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À travers la TerraForma Corp, humains et non-humains, vivants et non-vivants s'allient objectivement en un collectif tentaculaire mis entièrement au service de la viabilité. La Terre nous entend et nous entendons la Terre parce que, par nos vibrations communes, nous faisons toutes et tous un avec elle. Les différents organes de la Corp incarnent une mobilisation planétaire à travers laquelle la Terre revendique un statut juridique et politique inédit, qui la reconnaisse comme sujet collectif de droits et de devoirs réciproques, ainsi que comme agence de pouvoir dotée d'une autorité supérieure à celle des États nationaux. La Corp n'a pas de quartier général centralisé : elle existe partout où s'activent ses membres, elle agit en tout point et à tout moment où s'exerce son influence (voir Chapitre 19). Ses multiples organes vibrent,
Research plan for project titled 'ACACIA - LGBTQI+ and Street-level bureaucrats' (in East Africa)
Stark Academy research plan final2023 •
This is a research plan for a project entitled that was funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland (Ulkoministeriö) for the period 1.9.2023 - 30.6.2026. If you have any questions about the project "ACACIA - LGBTQI+ and Street-level bureaucrats: Assessing Motives, Violence and Possibilities for Collective Advocacy in East Africa", please contact me at laura.stark@jyu.fi
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