- Top of the Tips.
- In many ways, the World Wide Web—the open community of hypertext-enabled document servers and readers on the Internet—is responsible for the meteoric rise in the network’s popularity.
- Other branches of the Internet include educational (edu) institu- tions, nonprofit organizations (org), U.S.
- tag, containing the body of the document.
- That’s because the HTML source document you compose on your text editor doesn’t look anything like what gets displayed by a browser, even though it’s the same document.
- The popular browsers typically display the title at the top of the document’s window onscreen.
- and ending tag delimiters “-->” gets included in the browser display of your document.
- The bulk of content in most of your HTML documents—the part readers see on their browser displays—is text.
- tag in our simple example, for instance, means the enclosed text is some sort of citation—the document’s author, in this case.
- So use the <i>.
- the <b>.
- And some characters have special meanings in HTML, such as the brackets around tags, which if not somehow differentiated when used for plain text—the less-than sign (<) in a math equation, for example—will confuse the browser and trash your document.
- The value of the attribute is the URL of the destination..
- The contents of the source <a>.
- tag—the words and/or images between it and its.
- end tag—is the portion of the HTML document that is specially activated in the browser display and that users select to take a hyperlink.
- The <a>.
- For instance, use your home page—the leading document of the collection—as a master index full of brief descriptions and respective hyperlinks to the rest of your collection..
- You should also use the special attribute of the <a>.
- Normally, that means the browser aligns the bottom of the image to the bottom of the current.
- An inline image aligned with the bottom of the text (default).
- An inline image specially aligned with the middle of the text.
- An inline image specially aligned with the top of the text.
- and to highlight sections of the documents.
- tag for including a description of the table.
- The World Wide Web Consortium—the putative standards organization—prefers that you use the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) model for HTML document design..
- You get a taste of the JavaScript language in the previous JSS example.
- not all browsers implement all of the HTML stan- dards.
- the HTML document the various tags that are not standards, but are very popular features of a popular browser—the Netscape extensions, for instance, or even the deprecated HTML 3.0 standard, for which a DTD was never released..
- The <body>.
- By far, the most common form of the <html>.
- (We told you this stuff is pretty much self-explanatory and easier than you might think at first glance.) The title is used by the browser in some special manner, most often placed in the browser window’s title bar or on a status line.
- The document body is the meat of the matter.
- 3.7.1 The <body>.
- Since the position of the <body>.
- HTML 4.0–compliant browsers display the contents of the <ins>.
- Admittedly, the effects of the <bdo>.
- The <p>.
- tag may be nested, and the alignment of the.
- Although we’re introducing it within the context of the <div>.
- The class attribute lets you apply the style of a predefined class of the <div>.
- 4.1.2 The <p>.
- tag at the beginning of the first paragraph, as well as the </p>.
- tag in the example to illustrate the effects of the </p>.
- Effect of the align attribute on paragraph justification (Internet Explorer 4).
- The semantics of the <cite>.
- The <i>.
- with the name of the destination file..
- 4.5.1 The <b>.
- The <b>.
- tag is the physical equivalent of the <strong>.
- [<font>, 4.6.3]<big>.
- Be careful with your use of the <big>.
- 4.5.3 The <i>.
- 4.5.5 The <s>.
- The <s>.
- tag is an abbreviated form of the <strike>.
- 4.5.10 The <u>.
- This tag is deprecated in HTML 4.0 and will be eliminated in the next version of the standard.
- tag sets the color of the enclosed text.
- 4.7.1 The <br>.
- The <br>.
- I'm the caption on top of the image..
- Here’s the <nobr>.
- are extensions to the language and not part of the HTML 4.0 standard..
- 4.7.5 The <pre>.
- The <pre>.
- A common use of the <pre>.
- block as you would in any other portion of the HTML document.
- All of the text within the <blockquote>.
- of the Membership is present..
- 4.8.2 The <q>.
- The rendering of a horizontal rule is at the discretion of the browser.
- 5.2.6 The <img>.
- The <img>.
- Most of the popular graphical browsers normally insert an image so that its base aligns with the baseline of the text—the same alignment as that specified by the attribute value of bottom.
- image to the middle of the tallest item in the current line, text or image (see Figure 5-12).
- If you set the align attribute of the <img>.
- the base- line of the text is the bottom of the “v” in the “y” character..
- The browser then renders subsequent document content in the remaining portion of the flow adjacent to the image.
- This causes the browser to scale the image to a percentage of the document window width.
- [<a>, 7.3.1] usemap.
- tag extensions, on the other hand, make video display an intrinsic part of the browser.
- They are not supported by any other browser and can be used only with Audio Video Interleave (AVI) formatted movie files, since that’s the player format built into Internet Explorer and enabled through Microsoft’s Windows operating system soft- ware.
- For example, you might align the movie (or its image alternative, if displayed by another browser) to the right of the browser window:.
- The link, vlink, and alink attributes of the <body>.
- away from the left edge of the window..
- tag to set a margin of space at the top of the document.
- The hspace attribute creates space to the left and right of the marquee.
- Commercial interests—the driving force of the Web today—demand increasingly complex page formats and visual displays to attract the ever-growing population of users, emphasizing look and feel over content..
- The most common use of the <spacer>.
- The white space is added to—and therefore is never less than—the normal amount of space that would appear below the current line of text as a result of the para- graph’s line spacing..
- To emulate a horizontal spacer of the form:.
- Keep in mind, however, that the width of the <img>.
- To emulate a vertical spacer of the form:.
- To emulate a block spacer of the form:.
- Given that simple replacements exist for all the variants of the <spacer>.
- All of the content within the <multicol>.
- tag fills the current width of the current text flow.
- Changing the width of the <multicol>.
- The only problem may be that the contents of the <multicol>