Chin dch H Ch Minh Bch khoa ton th m Wikipedia Chin dch H Ch Minh Mt phn ca Chin dch ma xun nm 1975

Bc nh chp chic xe tng 390 - chic xe u tin hc cnh cng dinh c Lp tra ngy 30.4.1975 ca n nh bo Php Francoise de Mulder*1+. . Thi gian 26 thng 4 nm 1975 n 2 thng 5 nm 1975 a im Si Gn - Gia nh v ng bng sng Cu Long Kt qu Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam chin thng Chnh quyn Vit Nam Cng ha tuyn b u hng khng iu kin. Chnh ph Cch mng Lm thi tip qun ton bmin Nam Vit Nam, to c s cho thng nht 2 min nm 1976. Tham chin Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam, Qun lc Vit Nam

Qun gii phng min Nam Ch huy V Nguyn Gip Hong Vn Thi Vn Tin Dng L Trng Tn V Lng Nguyn Ha Hong Cm Nguyn Hu An inh c Thin Trn Vn Tr L c Anh Lc lng 250.000 qun ch lc, 20.000 qun a phng v du kch, 180.000 dn cng phc v hu cn chin dch.*2+ Tn tht 6.000 cht v b thng.*4+

Cng Ha

Dng Vn Minh Cao Vn Vin Trn Vn n Vnh Lc Chung Tn Cang Nguyn Hu Hnh Nguyn Vn Ton Nguyn Khoa Nam

Qun on III: 245.000 qun chnh quy. Qun on IV: 175.000 qun chnh quy*3+

15.700 cht v b thng, 160.000 b bt. S cn li tan r ti ch. 500 khu pho, hn 400 xe tng - xe thit gip, hn 800 my bay, 600 tu chin, 270.000 khu sng, 3.000 xe cc loi, ton b kho tng b thu gi. *5+*6+

. *hin+

xts Chin dch trong Chin tranh Vit Nam Chin dch H Ch Minh, tn nguyn thy l Chin dch gii phng Si Gn - Gia nh, l chin dch cui cng ca Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam trong Cuc tng tn cng v ni dy ma Xun nm 1975 v cng l chin dch cui cng ca cuc Chin tranh Vit Nam. y cng l chin dch qun s c thi gian din bin ngn nht trong Chin tranh Vit Nam, din ra t ngy 26 thng 4 n ngy 30 thng 4 nm 1975 (ti Si Gn) v ko theo cc cuc ni dy v trang ca Mt trn Dn tc Gii phng Min Nam Vit Nam ti ng bng sng Cu Long trong hai ngy 1 v 2 thng 5. Chin dch ny dn n kt qu l chm dt hon ton s chia ct hai min Nam - Bc Vit Nam sau 21 nm, a n vic thng nht x hi, ch chnh tr, dn c v ton vn lnh th ca Vit Nam trn t lin, vng lnh hi, vng tri v mt s hi o.*7+ Mc lc *n+

1 Bi cnh
o o

1.1 Ngun gc tn gi Chin dch H Ch Minh 1.2 Tnh th trc cuc tn cng

2 Binh lc v phng n tc chin ca hai bn

2.1 Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam

2.1.1 Hng Bc 2.1.2 Hng ng Nam 2.1.3 Hng Ty Bc 2.1.4 Hng ng 2.1.5 Hng Ty Nam

2.2 Qun lc Vit Nam Cng ha

2.2.1 Qun on III v Bit khu Th 2.2.2 Qun on IV

3 Cc din bin ti khu vc Si Gn - Gia nh

3.1 t 1 3.2 t 2

3.2.1 Ti hng Bc

3.2.2 Ti hng Ty Bc 3.2.3 Ti hng ng Bc 3.2.4 Ti hng Ty Nam 3.2.5 Ti hng ng Nam

3.3 Cc din bin chnh tr, ngoi giao

4 Cc din bin ti ng bng sng Cu Long

4.1 K hoch mt khu ca Qun on IV - QLVNCH ph sn 4.2 nh ui qun Khmer trn vng gip bin gii

5 Kt qu 6 Ch thch 7 Ti liu tham kho

7.1 Vit Nam 7.2 Nc ngoi

8 Lin kt ngoi 9 Xem thm

*sa+Bi cnh *sa+Ngun gc tn gi Chin dch H Ch Minh i tng V Nguyn Gip tn thnh xut ca Trung tng Hong Minh Tho chn a bn Nam Ty Nguyn lm hng tn cng chin lc, xin { kin B Chnh tr v c i tng Vn Tin Dng vo Nam ch o nh n "im huyt" vo h thng phng ng ca Vit Nam Cng ha ti Bun M Thut. Chnh ng nhn thng trn Bun Ma Thut, trc tip ra lnh Trung tng L Trng Tn gp rt gii phng Nng trong 3 ngy. Chnh ng xut v ra quyt nh m Chin dch H Ch Minh m trong Vn Tin Dng lm T lnh, L Trng Tn, L c Anh, Trn Vn Tr lm Ph T lnh, ch huy 5 cnh qun vi sc mnh ca 20 s on ng lot tin vo gii phng Si Gn. Mnh lnh ni ting nht ca ng ch o Chin dch H Ch Minh l "Thn tc, thn tc hn na, to bo, to bo hn na, tranh th tng pht, tng gi, xc ti mt trn, gii phng min Nam, quyt chin v ton thng".*cn dn ngun+ Ngy 8 thng 4 nm 1975, ti Lc Ninh, B Ch huy Chin dch gii phng Si Gn-Gia nh c thnh lp vi thnh phn: T lnh: i tng Vn Tin Dng, Chnh u: Phm Hng, cc Ph T lnh: Thng tng Trn Vn Tr, Trung tng L c Anh, Trung tnginh c Thin, Quyn Tham mu trng: Thiu tng L Ngc Hin, sau b sung Trung tng L Trng Tn lm Ph T lnh v Trung tng L Quang Ha lm Ph Chnh y kim Ch nhim Chnh tr. C hai nhn vt lnh o khng phi l qun nhn tham gia l cc ng Nguyn Vn Linh v V Vn Kit.*cn dn ngun+ ng Nguyn Vn Linh c giao ph trch cng tc pht ng qun chng ni dy trong thnh ph. ng V Vn Kit c giao ph

trch cng tc tip qun cc c s kinh t, k thut sau khi QNDVN chim c thnh ph. Cc thnh vin d hi ngh nht tr ngh B Chnh tr cho ly tn gi "Chin dch H Ch Minh" thay cho tn gi "Chin dch gii phng Si Gn - Gia nh". Ngy 14 thng 4, B Chnh tr ng Lao ng Vit Nam gi bc in s 37/TK cho B Ch huy chin dch gii phng Si Gn - Gia nh: ng chin dch gii phng Si Gn ly tn l Chin dch H Ch Minh

B Chnh tr ng Lao ng Vit Nam, *8+ *sa+Tnh th trc cuc tn cng Do kt qu ca Chin dch Phan Rang - Xun Lc v cc trn tn cng ca Qun gii phng min Nam Vit Nam ti ng bng sng Cu Long, n ngy 25 thng 4 nm 1975 Qun lc Vit Nam Cng ha mt hu ht cc v tr then cht trong tuyn phng th t xa quanh Si Gn. Thnh ph lc ny tr thnh mt c o ch cn giao lu vi bn ngoi bng ng khng. Tuy nhin, n ngy 26 thng 4, cc hng hng khng nc ngoi i hng tt c cc chuyn bay qu cnh Tn Sn Nht v hy b hu ht cc chuyn bay n v i t Si Gn. i s qun cc nc ln lt ng ca, h c. Theo m t ca nh bo Php Paul Drayfrus, thnh ph ny gn nh in lon v ang chng kin s kt thc ca mt ch .*9+ Ngay khi sp sa phi ri i khi Si Gn, CIA cng vn khng bung tha Vit Nam. Ngy 25 thng 4, mt i pht thanh b mt ca CIA gi danh i pht thanh Gii phng ca Mt trn dn tc gii phng min Nam Vit Nam t ti Okinawa tung ra mt tin tht thit l c mt cuc o chnh va xy ra ti H Ni v ba s on QNDVN phi quay li min Bc.*10+. Nhng chnh nhng ngi ca CIA ti Si Gn khi cng nhn nh rng y l mt tr a ti v phn ln ngi Si Gn u cho rng l mt tin ng ngn v rng mi c gng nhm lung lc { ch ca i phng ngay trc ca ng Si Gn u l nhng c gng v ch, lm tr ci cho thin h*11+ Trong mt n lc cui cng m c cuc ni chuyn vi "pha bn kia", cho d kt qu l rt mong manh, ngy 28 thng 4, hai vin ca Quc hi VNCH "mi" tng thng Trn Vn Hng t nhim sau mt tun nm gi chc v v a tng Dng Vn Minh, mt ngi chu nh hng ca Php v l tc gi ch cht ca cuc o chnh lt anh em Dim - Nhu ngy 3 thng 11 nm 1963 ln gh tng thng. H cho rng vi s gip v vn ng ca i s Php ti Si Gn Jean Marie Merillon v ngi ph ca ng ta l Vanussme, "pha bn kia" s chp nhn thng lng. Tng Minh cho bit "ngi Php cho rng c mt cng quc no khng mun cho Bc Vit Nam tr thnh hng cng nn h c th ngn chn thng li ca H Ni". ng ta cng tin rng "H Ni cha chc c mt b my hnh chnh qun l{ ton quc nn h c th sn sng chp nhn mt ch qu ". Tuy nhin, n chiu ti ngy 28 thng 4 th tt c hy vng vo nhng l bi ngoi giao cui cng u tan v khi nhng lot n 130 mm ca trung on pho binh 45 (on Tt Thng - QNDVN) t ti trn a Nhn Trch n cp tp vo Sn bay Tn Sn Nht ngay sau trn nm bom ca phi i A-37 do Nguyn Thnh Trung dn ng. Ba "s gi" do tng thng Dng Vn Minh phi i m phn vi i phng v mt gii php ngng bn phi ng m ti tr s ca hai phi on VNDCCH v CPCMLTCHMNVN trong Ban Lin hip qun s bn bn ti Tri Davit cnh sn bay Tn Sn Nht.*12+ *sa+Binh lc v phng n tc chin ca hai bn *sa+Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam

Bn cc mi tin cng *sa+Hng Bc Qun on 1 gm cc S on b binh 312, 320B; Trung on pho binh 45 (on Tt Thng) ; L on tng thit gip 202; S on pho cao x 367; L on cng binh 299; c tng cng l on pho binh 38, trung on tn la 263, ba trung on cng binh 239, 259, 279; mt trung on phng khng hn hp, ba tiu on pho binh c lp rt t B T lnh pho binh. Tng qun s 31.227 ngi; 778 xe vn ti, 44 xe tng; 36 khu pho 130 mm, 105 mm v 75 mm; 120 khu cao x 57 mm v 37 mm; 9 xung my, 2 ca n, 12 xe cng binh chuyn dng.*13+*14+

T lnh: Thiu tng Nguyn Ha Chnh y: Thiu tng Hong Minh Thi*15+

Nhim v ca Qun on 1 l bao vy tiu dit i phng Ph Li, Bn Ct, Bnh Dng, Lai Kh, Tn Uyn; ngn chn S on 5 QLVNCH rt v ni v v hiu ha n v ny; tn cng nh chim B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, cc b t lnh binh chng G Vp, Bnh Thnh; t chc mt lc lng tn cng hp im vi cc qun on khc ti Dinh c Lp*16+*17+ Do phi hnh qun gp t min Bc vo bng mi phng tin thu, b v ng khng. Qun on 1 bt u tn cng chm mt ngy so vi cc n v khc.*18+ *sa+Hng ng Nam Qun on 2 ban u gm cc S on b binh 325, 304; L on pho binh 164; L on tng thit gip 203; S on phng khng 673; L on cng binh 219; Trung on c cng 116. Tng s xe ch

hng, ch ngi ca Qun on 2 ln ti 2.267 chic, Trong c 54 xe tng, 35 xe thit gip, 223 xe ko pho, 87 khu pho 130 mm v 105 mm; 136 pho cao x. Do c phi thuc s on 3 t Qun khu 5 v mt s dn v rt, tng qun s ca Qun on ln n hn 40.000 ngi (trc l 32.418 ngi).*19+*20+

T lnh: Thiu tng Nguyn Hu An Chnh y: Thiu tng L Linh,

Qun on 2 c giao nhim v tin cng trn chnh din rng 86 km vi chiu su nhim v t 68 n 70 km.*21+ Nhim v ban u ca qun on l nh chim cn c Nc Trong, chi khuLong Bnh, cn c Long Bnh, chi khu Nhn Trch, thnh Tuy H, cng v bn ph Ct Li, chi khu c Trch, pho kch sn bay Tn Sn Nht, nh chim Vng Tu, th x B Ra, qun 9 v qun 4 Si Gn. T chc lc lng thc su nh chim qun 1 v qun 3, hp im ti Dinh c Lp.*22+ *sa+Hng Ty Bc Lot bi Chin tranh Vit Nam Giai on 19541959 Thuyt Domino Hoa Kz can thip Min Bc Min Nam Giai on 19601965 Din bin Quc t Min Nam K hoch Staley-Taylor Chin tranh c bit o chnh Chnh ph Ng nh Dim Giai on 19651968 Min Bc Chin dch: S kin Vnh Bc B

Mi Tn Xuyn Sm Rn Min Nam Chin tranh cc b Chin dch: Cc chin dch Tm-Dit Phng Hong Tt Mu Thn, 1968 Din bin Quc t Giai on 19681972 Din bin Quc t Vit Nam ha chin tranh Hi ngh Paris Hip nh Paris Chin dch: Lam Sn 719 Chin cc nm 1972 H 1972 Linebacker Linebacker II Giai on 19731975 Chin dch: Xun 1975 Phc Long Ty Nguyn -Hu - Nng Phan Rang - Xun Lc H Ch Minh Trng Sa v cc o trn Bin ng S kin 30 thng 4, 1975 Hu qu chin tranh

Cht c da cam Qun on 3 gm cc S on b binh 316 (on Bng Lau), Thuyn nhn 320A (on ng Bng), 10; Trung on c cng 198 (on c cng hu c); hai Trung on pho mt t 40 v 575 (on Anh Dng); Trung on xe tng 273 (on Sn Lm); Cc satiu bn Trung on phng khng hn hp 234 (on Tam o), 593 (mi b sung) v 232 (chuyn thuc t on 559); hai Trung on cng binh 7 (on Hng Vng); 575 (chuyn thuc t on 559); trung on thng tin 29; cc trung on Gia nh 1 v 2. Tng qun s 47.400 ngi, 54 xe tng, 64 xe bc thp, gn 100 khu pho 130 mm, 105 mm v ha tin H12, trn 250 khu ci t 61 mm n 120 mm, 110 pho phng khng 57 mm v 37 mm, hn 250 khu sng my phng khng cc c 12,4 mm v 14,5 mm.*23+*16+

T lnh: Thiu tng V Lng Chnh y: i t ng V Hip

Khc vi Qun on 2, Qun on 3 phi tn cng trn mt chnh din hp t 7 n 10 km nhng c chiu su nhim v ln n 100 km.*24+ Nhim v ca qun on trong giai on 1 l s dng s on 316 cng binh chng phi thuc chn nh S on 25 QLVNCH ti G Du, Trng Bng, ct ng 1B, bao vy, chia ct khng cho QLVNCH iu cc n v Ty Bc lui v ng D, C Chi. Trong giai on 2, Qun on c nhim v nh chim cn c ng D, sn bay Tn Sn Nht, cc qun Tn Bnh, Ph Nhun a mt b phn lc lng thc su, hp im vi cc n v khc ti Dinh c Lp*22+. *sa+Hng ng Qun on 4 gm cc S on 6, 7, 341; l on b binh 52; mt tiu on pho 130mm; mt trung on v mt tiu on phng khng hn hp, ba tiu on xe tng - thit gip. Sau trn Xun Lc, qun s ca qun on cn khong 30.000 ngi.

T lnh: Thiu tng Hong Cm Chnh y: Thiu tng Hong Th Thin,

Nhim v ca qun on l nh chim khu vc Bin Ha - H Nai (gm c s ch huy Qun lc Vit Nam Cng ha v sn bay Bin Ha), tin v Si Gn chim cc qun 1, 2, 3, B T lnh Hi qun VNCH, B Quc phng VNCH, B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, i pht thanh Si Gn*25+*22+. Cng nh Qun on 1, n 17 gi chiu 27 thng 4, Qun on 4 mi chun b xong bn p tin cng v bt u n sng chm hn mt ngy.*26+ *sa+Hng Ty Nam on 232 gm cc S on 5, 9, 3 (nguyn l s on 303 - Phc Long); bn trung on c lp 16, 88, 24, 27B; tiu on 26 xe tng (17 xe T-54), mt trung on c cng, tiu on xe tng 24 (18 xe PT-85), tiu on 23 xe bc thp ( 22 xe BTR-60 v 8 xe M-113); 5 i i pho binh gm 27 khu t 85 mm n 130 mm, bn khu ci 160 mm v mt gin ha tin H12; trung on phng khng hn hp 595, mt tiu on pho phng khng 23 mm v mt tiu on sng my phng khng 12,7 mm*27+*28+. Sau khi c tng cng s on 8, qun khu 8, tng qun s ca on 232 ln n khong 42.000 ngi.*29+*22+

T lnh: Trung tng L c Anh

Chnh y: Thiu tng L Vn Tng,

Nhim v ca on l ct ng s 4 (Bn Lc - ng ba Trung Lng), chim Tn An, M Tho, chia ct Si Gn v min Ty Nam B, thc su nh chimB t lnh Bit khu th , cu Nh Thin ng, Tng Nha cnh st, cc qun 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11. *30+ Ngoi ra, on 232 cn c nhim v nh chim cc tnh l Long An, Kin Tng; cht chn ng s 4 khng cho QLVNCH Si Gn rt v ng bng sng Cu Long*27+*28+*31+. Mc d Si Gn - Gia nh l mt thnh ph ln, rng trn di 1000 km vung, vo thi im thng 4 nm 1975 c hn 3,5 triu dn nhng B T lnh chin dch chn 5 mc tiu quan trng nht cn nh chim trong thi gian ngn nht: B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, B T lnh bit khu th , Tng nha Cnh st, sn bay Tn Sn Nht v Dinh c Lp.*32+ *sa+Qun lc Vit Nam Cng ha n thi im m chin dch, QLVNCH ch cn trong tay hai qun on (III v IV), trong Qun on III b tn tht ng k trong Chin dch Phan Rang - Xun Lc v cc trn nh vng ven . *sa+Qun on III v Bit khu Th Qun s 245.000 ngi (bao gm c tn binh t Qun on I v Qun on II b nh tan nhp vo), 406 khu pho, 624 xe tng v xe thit gip, hn 800 my bay, 852 tu cc loi v xung chin u.*3+

T lnh Qun on III: Trung tng Nguyn Vn Ton; T lnh Bit khu Th : Thiu tng Lm Vn Pht;

Cc tuyn phng th gm c: Tuyn ngoi:*33+

S on 22 b binh (mi ti lp) Long An, Bn Lc, ng ba Trung Lng, s ch huy t ti Long An; S on 25 b binh gi ng D, Trng Bng, C Chi, Hu Ngha, s ch huy t ti cn c ng D; S on 5 b binh gi Lai Kh, Bn Ct, Bnh Dng, s ch huy t ti Lai Kh; S on Thy qun lc chin (ch cn 2 l on) gi Long Bnh; S on 18 (ch cn 2 chin on) gi Bu C, Trng Bom, Sui a; S on 5 khng qun ng ti Tn Sn Nht; L on 3 thit gip gi Bin Ho; L on 1 d gi B Ra - Vng Tu;

Tuyn trong:*34+

Ba lin on bit ng qun c trin khai ti Bnh Chnh, Hc Mn, Bnh Triu. Bn Khu chin c thnh lp sau ngy 14 thng 4 gm:

- Lin on on 9 bit ng qun, 2 lin on cng binh v s qun ang hun luyn ti tri Quang Trung gi Khu chin Bc t Hc Mn qua Cu Bng n sn bay Tn Sn Nht. - Cc lin on bit ng qun 7, 8 gi Khu chin Ty t Vnh Lc qua Tn Hip, B Hom n Bnh Chnh. - Lin on bo an 239 v mt lin on phng v dn s c v trang gi Khu chin Nam t Nh B n Nhn Trch. - L on d 4, Lin on bo an 391 v hc vin Qun trng Th c gi Khu chin ng t G Vp, Qun 9 n Th c.

Nm lin khu phng th ni gm: Lin khu 1 (cc qun 1, 3), Lin khu 2 (cc qun 5, 6), Lin khu 3 (cc qun 2, 4), Lin khu 4 (cc qun 7, 8), Lin khu 5 (cc qun 10 v 11). Cc khng cng c t chc ti B T lnh bit khu th , B Tng tham mu (do Lin on bit kch d 81 phng th), Tng nha Cnh st, Cn c khng qun Tn Sn Nht. Bn thn Dinh c Lp cng c b tr lm mt trung tm khng vi mt l on cnh v quc gia c xe tng v xe bc thp tng cng.*34+

*sa+Qun on IV Vng ng bng sng Cu Long do Qun khu IV - Qun on IV QLVNCH) c 175.000 qun c bin ch thnh 3 s on b binh 7, 9, 21, mt l on b binh c lp, s on 4 khng qun, ba trung on thit k, hai hi on tun duyn, ba giang on; c trang b 493 xe tng, xe thit gip, 366 khu pho, 409 my bay (trong c 118 my bay chin u), 579 tu, xung chin u cc loi. Cc lc lng ny c b tr trong cc cm khng quanh cc thnh ph ln, th x, cc trc ng giao thng ln trong c hai trng im l Thnh ph Cn Th v ng s 4.*35+

T lnh: Thiu tng Nguyn Khoa Nam

*sa+Cc din bin ti khu vc Si Gn - Gia nh *sa+t 1

Pho nng di 130mm M1954 ca Qun Gii phng min Nam Vit Nam t ti Nhn Trch tn cng sn bay Tn Sn Nht t ngy 25/4/1975 n khi kt thc chin dch. Hin vt trng by tiBo tng Chin dch H Ch Minh.

7 gi sng 26 thng 4, mt s n v thm bo ca QLVNCH ti cm cn c Nc Trong, Long Thnh c vi cuc chm sng nh vi cc n v trinh st ca S on 304. Qun on III - QLVNCH tng phi cho cm qun Nc Trong - Long Thnh l on Thy qun lc chin 468. T 7 gi 30 pht n 16 gi 30 pht, tng Nguyn Vn Ton lnh cho s on 5 khng qun nh ph tuyn chun b ca Qun on 2 nhng khng gy c thit hi ng k cho i phng v b bn ri bn chic A-37, mt chic HU-1A.*36+ 17 gi chiu 26 thng 4, Chin dch H Ch Minh bt u vi ting gm tht ca cuc pho kch cp tp t hn 20 tiu on pho binh thuc cc Qun on 2, 3 v 4 QNDVN vo cc cn c ca QLVNCH ti Nhn Trch, H Nai, Bin Ho, Nc Trong, Long Thnh, c Thnh, B Ra, ng D, Trng Bng, G Du. Trn pho kch ko di gn 1 gi lin lm rung chuyn ni Si Gn. Pho binh QLVNCH phn ng yu t v nhanh chng b ha lc ca QNDVN dp tt.*37+ Trn hng ng , Qun on 2 s dng s on 304 m mn cuc tn cng vo cm Long Thnh Nc Trong, nh bt c l on Thy qun lc chin 468 ra rng cao su, bn chy gn 20 xe tng, xe bc thp nhng v ch b tn tht mt xe tng. *38+ n m 26 thng 4, s on 304 ch chim c trng thit gip, cha gii quyt c khu vc trng b binh v ng ba ng 15 vi cc cht cng s kin c vn trong tay QLVNCH. Ti mi th yu, s on 3 Sao Vng chim c cc khu vc Bnh Gi, Ngi Giao v Ni t sau 2 gi giao chin. 17 gi chiu 27 thng 4, trung on 141 ca s on ny v i i xe tng 4 c pho binh ym h nh chim th x B Ra v huyn Xuyn Mc. QLVNCH cht gi ti cu C May ph cu nhng khng chn c mi vu hi su ca s on 3 Sao Vng v phi rt chy. 16 gi ngy 29 thng 4, s on 3 chim th x Vng Tu*39+. Cc phn i Z23, Z22 l on 316 v tiu on 81 (trung on c cng c gii) chim 2 u cu Rch Chic nhng b QLVNCH phn kch nn c 30 ngi hi sinh*40+. Cc lc lng a phng gii phng cc huyn Long in, t , Xuyn Mc v cc mng nng thn 2 bn quc l 15, 25, 19, 1 v 2.

Trung on 115 s dng nhng khu pho phn lc DKB nh th ny phng 200 qu n vo sn bay Tn Sn Nht chiu ngy 29 thng 4 nm 1975. Hin vt trng by ti Bo tng Chin dch H Ch Minh. Sng 27 thng 4, s on 325 t mi th yu chuyn thnh mi ch yu nh vu hi vo sn tri cm qun VNCH ti Nc Trong - Long Thnh, phi hp vi s on 304 tn cng t hng i din. S on 5 khng qun VNCH iu ng hn 114 phi v oanh kch vo i hnh QNDVN nhng khng cn c ng tin ca l on xe tng 203 QNDVN v b bn ri 2 chic F-5, 4 chic A-37, 3 chic A-1 v 1

chic HU-1A.*41+ 16 gi 30 pht chiu 27 thng 4, S on 325 nh chim Long Thnh, bt hn 500 t binh. Sang ngy 28 thng 4, cn c Nhn Trch b s on 304 nh chim. B t lnh Qun on 2 cho trin khai ngay L on pho binh 164 ti y pho kch sn bay Tn Sn Nht. Tuyn phng th hng ng Nam Si Gn ca Qun on III - QLVNCH b v mt mng ln.*39+ Trn hng ng Bc 4 gi 7 pht sng 27 thng 4, Qun on 4 gm s on 341 v s on 6 tn cng Trng Bom, Sui a v Long t, tng L Minh o iu chin on 52 c 8 xe tng ym h nh vo sn i hnh tn cng ca s on 7 nhng li b s on 341 tn cng t bn sn, mt 4 xe tng b bn chy. 8 gi 30 pht sng 27 thng 4, yu khu qun s Trng Bom b QNDVN nh chim, gn 500 s quan, binh s QLVNCH b bt lm t binh. 9 gi sng 27 thng 4, s qun cn li ca s on 18 v mt chi on ca l on 3 thit gip QLVNCH rt t Trng Bom v Sui a b phc kch hai bn ng, hn 2000 qun v gn 100 xe cc loi b s on 341 QNDVN tiu dit v bt gi.*42+Trn hng thc su, S on 7 (Qun on 4) pht trin n H Nai th phi dng li phi hp vi s on 341 s on 6 thc hin n tn cng tng hp vo cc lc lng ca L on 3 thit gip v l on d 4 QLVNCH. n qu na m 28 thng 4, do b tht hi nng, L on 3 xe tng v l on 4 d phi li v G Vp.*43+. Trung on c cng 113 ca QNDVN chim Cu Gnh, Rch Ct nhng khng gi c, cha chim c Cu Mi. on Pho binh 75 t trn a ti Hiu Lim t ngy 14 thng 4 lin tc khng ch t lit sn bay Bin Ho. Trn hng Ty Bc T chiu 26 thng 4, s on 316 (Qun on 3 QNDVN) v lc lng v trang Ty Ninh lin tip nh chim mt loi n bt ca QLVNCH dc theo quc l s 1 v ng 22, chia ct s on 25 QLVNCH ti G Du - Trng Bng vi Si Gn v chn nt c ng rt ca s on ny v ng D, C Chi. Ngy 27 thng 4, s on 316 tip tc y li cuc phn kch ca Trong cc trn u pho t ngy 25 n ngy 28 thng 4 trn hng ny, 39 khu pho cc c ca Qun on 3 QNDVN ph hy 33 khu pho cc c 155 mm v 105 mm ca QLVNCH ti ng D, Phc M, ng Cha, Trng Bng, G Du H, Bn Ko, Khim Hnh, ph hy 11 trn a pho, gy thit hi nng cho 7 trn a pho khc ca QLVNCH. Trong i hnh Qun on 3, s on 10, trung on xe tng 273 v lc lng cng binh ca Qun on chun b xong cc phng tin vt sng Si Gn. S on 320A tim nhp vo khu vc C Chi, p st cn c ng D*44+ Trn hng Nam v Ty Nam 22 gi ngy 26 thng 4, S on b binh 5 m u chin dch trn hng ny bng n nh chia ct ng s 4 ti bn im Rch Chanh, ng ba Nh Thnh, p Bnh Yn, Ph M v p st th x Tn An, chi khu Th Tha. n ngy 27 thng 4, s on 5 ct hn ng s 4 ti hai on t Bc Tn An dn Bn Lc v t Nam Tn An n Tn Hip.*45+. S on 303 - Phc Long nh chim tiu khu Hu Ngha v cc chi khu c Ho, c Hu. Trung on 27 c cng tp kch cc cht B Hom, Vnh Lc, cn c ra a Ph Lm, m hnh lang cho s on 9 t kch trn mi tin cng ch yu.*46+ S on 8 (Qun khu 8) tn cng cc v tr ca s on 22 dc hai con sng Vm C ng v Vm C Ty, a mt lc lng thc su tn cng thnh ph M Tho, ct t hon ton ng s 4, c lp Si Gn vi ng bng Sng Cu Long*47+. Mc d tnh trng Long An gi in cho tng Nguyn Khoa Nam yu cu cho dng thuc n ph hy hai cu Tn An v Bn Lc nhng tng Nam khng ng { do cc cu ny c dng cho phng n d phng rt B Tng tham mu QLVNCH t Si Gn v Cn Th. Trn ng bin, c Chung Tn Cang cng dnh ring mt chin hm di tn chnh ph VNCH v Cn Th. C tng L Vn Hng v tng L Minh o, nhng "ngi hng Xun Lc" mt thi cng t hy vng vo vic bin Qun khu IV thnh cn c ko di cuc chin thm mt thi gian. Th nhng s xut hin t ngt ca mt n v mi tng ng qun on (on 232) ca QNDVN ti ng bng sng Cu Long t nhng hy vng v k hoch ni trn trc nguy c ph sn.*48+

*sa+t 2 *sa+Ti hng Bc Do tip cn chin trng mun hn cc n v khc, phi n 16 gi chiu 27 thng 4, Qun on 1 QNDVN mi a c nhng n v ch lc ca mnh bc vo chin u. Trn mi tn cng ch yu, s on 320B - c tng cng tiu on xe tng 66 ca L on 202, mt i i xe tng c lp, mt tiu on cng binh cng trnh, mt tiu on pho 130 mm, c cm pho ca l on pho binh 45 (on Tt Thng) ym h - tn cng chi khu Tn Uyn v sn bay ng Lnh, nh thng on pha ng ng 16, m ng t ph su vo trung tm Si Gn, tin n B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, mt trong nm mc tiu quan trng nht ca chin dch.*49+ Mt s trn nh c lit n ra ti chi khu qun s Tn Uyn, ng ba Bnh Chun, Thun Gio, Bng, Tn Hip. Tiu on bo an 316 QLVNCH v mt trung i cnh st d chin ti Tn Uyn da vo cng s vng chc, cm c c sut m 27 thng 4. Trn ng tin, S on 320B ch li mt s lc lng c lp cc cht chn dc ng ca cc tiu on bo an 317, 321, 346; cn cc lc lng ch yu u nhanh chng vt sng Si Gn, tin vo ni . n sng 28 thng 4, vin tiu on trng tiu on 316 v 35 binh s QLVNCH cn sng st u hng. ng tn cng ca Qun on 1 - QNDVN (ng 16) t Tn Uyn qua Bng n Li Thiu c m thng. *50+*51+ Ti mi th yu, pht hin s on 312 QNDVN ang bao vy cn c Ph Li, tin cng Lai Kh; tng L Nguyn V, t lnh s on 5 QLVNCH s dng chin on 7, c xe tng ym h c gii ta ng 13 v 14, ng thi tng cng cho c im An Li nhng khi on xe di chuyn n khu vc Tam Gio th ri ng vo mi tn cng ca ch lc s on 312, c l on xe tng 202 (thiu) ym h. Sau khi b bn chy ba chic xe i u, chin on 7 QLVNCH b tch khi ch lc s on 5 Lai Kh v ton b S on 5 cng b c lp pha Bc Th Du Mt. Trn ng vo ni , Qun on 1 cn phi khc phc cc bi mn, vt cn chng xe tng, xe c gii, c ch rng n 100 m, di hn 200 m. n 15 gi ngy 29 thng 4, sau khi g ht cc mn chng tng, m ng vng trnh v s dng t binh dn ng, Qun on 1 tp kt trc c im Li Thiu v ch cn cch trung tm Si Gn - Gia nh khong 15 km.*52+ 3 gi sng 30 thng 4, s on 320 tn cng nh chim Li Thiu v Trung tm hun luyn qun s Huznh Vn Lng, bc hng hn 2000 s quan, binh lnh QLVNCH, trong c vin ch huy trng trung tm, trung t Nguyn Vn Hinh v trung t Nguyn Thi Bnh, ch huy trng chi khu Li Thiu*53+. Trc nguy c b tiu dit v tan r, ngy 29 thng 4, chun tng L Nguyn V, t lnh th 19 ca s on 5 QLVNCH t st trong cn c. i t Nguyn Mnh Tng, ph t lnh s on 5, tiu khu trng Bnh Dng, cc vin trung on trng trung on 7, 8, 9 ko c trng xin hng. 10 gi sng 30 thng 4, s on 312 QNDVN nh chim xong cc cn c Lai Kh, Bn Ct, Li Thiu. Cm phng th pha Bc Si Gn ca QLVNCH tan v.*54+ T 9 gi ngy 30 thng 4, Qun on 1 - QNDVN ln lt nh chim B t lnh thit gip, B t lnh lc qun cng xng, Tng kho qun nhu, Tng y vin QLVNCH, cn c 31, cn c 60, qun l G Vp, Trung tm truyn tin in t; nh tan cm phng th Bc cu Bnh Triu do cc thit on 15, 18, 22 ca L on 3 k binh v 2 tiu on d cht gi, thu 144 xe tng, xe thit gip, bt hn 1500 t binh. Lc 10 gi 30 pht, s on 320B nh chim B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, s on 312 nh chim tr s B Quc phng VNCH. Nhng mc tiu quan trng cui cng trong ni Si Gn c giao cho Qun on 1 chim lnh u c gii quyt trong ngy 30 thng 4*55+. Ti cc mc tiu quan trng b nh chim nh B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, B T lnh Hi qun VNCH, B Quc phng VNCH, Tng

nha Cnh st; QNDVN thu c rt nhiu ti liu c mt ca cc c quan ny. Tt c u c giao cho B tng tham mu QNDVN v Cng an nhn dn Vit Nam qun l{, khai thc.*56+ *sa+Ti hng Ty Bc m 28 thng 4, B T lnh Qun on 3, Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam iu ng S on 320A (thiu) tim nhp vo khu vc C Chi bng mt cuc hnh qun b mt ban m. n v ny c tng cng mt tiu on pho 155 mm, mt trung on phng khng. 5 gi 30 pht sng ngy 29 thng 4, cc n v ny bt ng n sng tn cng cn c ng D, s ch huy ca S on 25 - QLVNCH do chun tng L{ Tng B lm s on trng. Ti cn c ny, tng B nm trong tay hn 3000 qun, 34 xe tng, xe bc thp, 4 khu pho M107 175 mm, 4 khu 155 mm, 10 khu 105 mm thc hin { t th n cng. Sau cuc pho kch ko di 2 gi ng h, S on 320A v cc n v phi thuc trn vo cn c ng D. Lc 8 gi, ba chic xe tng T-54 c phi thuc cho s on 320A b bn chy ti ca m nhng cng i c ba chic M-48 ca trung on 10 thit gip QLVNCH ng ti cn c ny. Lc 9 gi 30 pht, i tNguyn Kim Tun v Ban Ch huy s on 320A iu trung on 9 v 8 xe tng cn li ca tiu on thit gip t lc lng d b tip tc tng cng cho trung on 48 tn cng dt im cn c ng D.*57+. n 10 gi 30 pht cng ngy, cc cht khng c ca s on 25 - QLVNCH ti ng D ln lt b dp tt. QLVNCH iu trung on 46 t Trng Bng phn kch nhng b trung on 9 chn ng. 11 gi cng ngy, s on 320A hon thnh vic nh chim cn c ng D. Chun tng t lnh s on 25 L{ Tng B v i t s on ph Trn Thng Chc chy trn ra rng cao su Bc H nhng b du kch C Chi phc bt.*58+ Cn c ng D tht th lm cho pha sau tuyn phng th vng ngoi ca QLVNCH t C Chi n G Du H b h sn, h lng. S on 316 ti Phc M, Phc Hip, Trng Bng chuyn t th vy p sang th tn cng vo lin on 32 bit ng qun, bt sng trung t lin on trng L Khi Ton, ng thi tiu dit cc lc lng cn st li ca s on 25 QLVNCH v lc lng bit ng qun trn ng s 1 v 2, chim chi khu Trng Bng, gii phng hu ht tnh Ty Ninh. S on 10 c tng cng trung on 64 (t S on 320A), trung on xe tng 273, trung on c cng 198 chia thnh 2 hng v m cuc tn cng t C Chi vo Lin on 9 bit ng qun v hai lin on bo an ti Hu Ngha, pht trin n khu vc cu Bng v chim cu ch sau 50 pht giao chin. Mi th hai ca cnh qun ny l trung on 28 nh chim cu Sng, thnh Quan Nm, qun l Hc Mn, qun trng Quang Trung, n tra ngy 29 c mt ti ng t B Quo; trung on Gia nh c tng cng tiu on 195 gy thit hi cho 1 i i bit ng qun Tn Thi Thng, tin cng cc chi khu Xun Th Thng, Tn Thi Tht ri pht trin ra quc l 1, lm ch Tham Lng. Ti khu nh my dt Vinatexco v ng t By Hin, QLVNCH s dng mt tiu on bit ng qun, mt tiu on bo an v mt chi on thit gip t chc chng c nhng b nh tan lc 19 gi 30 pht cng ngy sau ba t phn kch. Cnh ca pha Ty Bc Si Gn c m ra.*59+ 5 gi 30 pht sng 30 thng 4, sau mt trn pho kch t tt c cc c sng ln ca qun on, s on 10 v hai i i xe tng ca trung on thit gip 273 - QNDVN tn cng sn bay Tn Sn Nht, b t lnh thit gip, b t lnh khng qun v s ch huy trung on 5 khng qun QLVNCH. L on d 4 (thiu), mt tiu on ca lin on bo an 391 cng hai i i qun cnh ca QLVNCH li v phng th ti khu vc cng s 5 ca sn bay nhng ch chng c c hn mt gi v tan r sau hai t tp kch. n 10 gi 30 pht, s on 10 vi s dn u ca n bit ng Nguyn Th Trung Tin tin vo sn bay Tn Sn Nht qua hai cng 4, 5 v hu nh chim trn sn bay Tn Sn Nht, khu ra a iu hnh khng lu, S ch huy S on 5 khng qun, S ch huy s on d*60+, bt lin lc vi hai phi on

VNDCCH v CPCMLTCHMNVN ti tri a Vt. S on 320A tch trung on 28 sang phi hp vi Qun on 1 nh chim B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, iu trung on 64 c mt i i xe tng K-63 (PT-85) i km tin v pha sau Dinh c Lp qua ng L Vn Duyt v ng Hng Thp T cn trung on 24 v 2 tiu on thuc l on xe tng 273 th phi hp vi trung on 48 s on 320B (Qun on 1) nh chim b tng tham ma VNCH. Khi cc n v ny n ni th cc n v phi i trc ca l on xe tng 203 v trung on 66 (s on 304) c mt ti Dinh c Lp trc 30 pht*61+. Ngoi ra 2 trung on 316 v 320 th tip tc truy qut s on 25 QLVNCH, gii phng C Chi, Hc Mn v Ty Ninh. *sa+Ti hng ng Bc Chng ngi cui cng i vi Qun on 4 trn ng tin vo Si Gn l khu phng th H Nai - Long Bnh - Tam Hip do nhug lc lng cn li ca S on 18, 2 tiu on cn li ca L on k binh thit gip s 3 v Lin on bo an 318 phng th. Ti y, tng L Minh o cho o 4 lp ho chng tng, t m cc xe tng trong cng s, hnh thnh nhiu khng c nh v c ng. gii quyt nhanh cm phng th ny, ngy 29 thng 4, tng Hong Cm mt mt s dng 1 trung on ca s on 341 v trung on pho binh 55 dng ha lc ch p cc c im phng th ca QLVNCH, mt khc iu 2 trung on 266 v 270 phi hp vi s on 6 vng qua cm cht nh chim sn bay Bin Ho, S ch huy Qun on III - QLVNCH, S ch huy s on 3 khng qun, trn a pho Hc B Thc v tng kho Long Bnh*62+. 4 gi sng ngy 30 thng 4, S on 7 (Qun on 4) c mt ti cu cu Ghnh. Do cu yu (trng ti 12 tn/lt xe), ton b xe tng ca Qun on 4 phi di chuyn qua cu Xa l vo Si Gn. Ti ng ba Tam Hip, tng L Minh o c gng lp mt cm cht phng ng nhng cng b nh tan lc 11 gi tra ngy 30 thng 4. 12 gi 30 pht, cc n v phi i trc ca trung on 141, s on 7, Qun on 4 hi qun vi trung on 66, s on 304, Qun on 2 ti Dinh c Lp ng lc Tng thng Dng Vn Minh c xong li tuyn b u hng khng iu kin trn i pht thanh Si Gn.*59+ *sa+Ti hng Ty Nam m 29 thng 4, S on 9 m nhn mi tn cng ch yu ca on 232 cng vi hai tiu on xe tng sau khi vt qua cc chng ngi ng ly, sng nc ti Long An s dng trung on 1 nh chim cu B Lc, ng nm Vnh Lc, theo ng L Vn Duyt tn cng B t lnh Bit khu Th ; trung on 2 c tng cng 7 xe tng T-54, 16 xe bc thp BTR-60, 2 xe M-113 hnh thnh mi tn cng th hai vo B t lnh Bit khu Th qua ng An Ninh, M Hnh. Trung on 3 ca s on ny c 3 xe tng T-54, 6 xe BTR60 tiu dit s ch huy lin on 8 v tiu on qun 88 trn tuyn vnh ai i Hn; tip nh tan tiu on bo an 327 nam Vnh Lc, dit chi khu B Hom, nh chim trng ua Ph Th. Mc d b hai phi i A-37 ca s on 4 - Khng lc VNCH t Cn Th ln nh bom trng i hnh i u nhng cc n v ny vn vy cht c B T lnh Bit khu Th . Khng cn ng thot, lc 10 gi 30 pht ngy 30 thng 4, tng Lm Vn Pht, t lnh Bit khu Th dn cc thuc cp ra u hng v ku gi s quan, binh s thuc quyn h v kh, chm dt khng c.*63+ Trong khi trung on 24 cng c cng dit n Bnh Hng ng, chim gi cu Nh Thin ng, cu Ch Y, b t lnh cnh st quc gia. Trung on 88 dit chi khu B Hom, tin cng n ng Thn, ng ba An Ph, khu Nh B. Trung on 16 nh chim ga An Lc, cu Bnh in. S on 5 tn cng tiu dit v bc hng ton b s on 22 v cc lin on bit ng qun ca QLVNCH, cng lc lng a phng nh chim th x Tn An, chi khu Th Tha. Cc n v c cng chim cc qun Tn Bnh, Bnh Chnh v khu Rng St.

*sa+Ti hng ng Nam

Cc xe tng s 390 (tri) v s 843 (phi) ca QNDVN tin vo Dinh c Lp tra ngy 30 thng 4 nm 1975 . y l hng tn cng ch yu ca Qun on 2 v ng thi cng l hng phn kch quyt lit nht ca QLVNCH m ng mu thot ra bin qua sng Lng Tu v cn c hi qun Ct Li. V vy cuc chin khu vc ny cng din ra c lit khng km cc cuc chin ti hng ng, Bc v Ty Bc Si Gn*64+. Sng 28 thng 4, nhng n v cn li ca hai l on thy qun lc chin v chin on 322 QLVNCH mi c iu t lc lng d b ra dng hn 20 tu b ca hi qun bt ng m cuc phn kch vo l on pho binh 164 v S ch huy s on 325. Trung on pho binh 84 (thuc s on 325) v trung on cao x 824 (s on phng khng 673) lp tc dng ho lc pho bn thng ph v i hnh phn kch ca QLVNCH, bn chm 7 tu ca QLVNCH. n 15 gi chiu 28 thng 4, trung on 101 (s 325) tip cn chin trng, ginh li trn a, y cc lc lng phn kch ca QLVNCH li v Ct Li. Sng 29 thng 4, S on 304 QNDVN t chc hai mi t kch vu hi gm trung on 24, trung on 9 v mt i i xe tng ca L on 203. n 10 gi cng ngy, cc n v ny dp tt cc khng ca QLVNCH, lm ch tnh hnh khu vc Nc Trong v ng ba ng 15*65+. Tra 29 thng 4, cc tng Hong Cm (t lnh Qun on 4) v Nguyn Hu An (t lnh Qun on 2) u nhn c mt lnh ca B Ch huy chin dch H Ch Minh: "Tn cng vo ni Si Gn t 16 gi cng ngy"; sm hn s kin 12 gi. 14 gi chiu 29 thng 4, Qun on 2 nh chim cc mc tiu cn li ti Nhn Trch, bn ph Ct Li, khu kho hu cn Thnh Tuy H, vt sng ng Nai nh chim cn c hi qun Ct Li.*63+ Ti 29 thng 4, lc lng t kch su ca Qun on 2 sn sng tin qun t Long Nha. Cm qun ny gm c l on 203 tng - thit gip i u v gia i hnh, trung on 66 b binh c gii (c hn 50 xe t ch qun), mt i i b binh c gii ca trung on 18 s dng xe thit gip V-100, tiu on 7 cao x (trung on 284), mt i i tn la phng khng Strela-2 (Sam-7), tiu on 4 pho binh (L on 164), hai i i pho 85 mm (trung on 68, s on 304), mt tiu on cng binh v hai i i cu ph (L on cng binh 219). Lc lng t kch su c lnh b qua cc khng l ca QLVNCH, li cho trung on 18 (s on 325) hnh qun theo sau gii quyt. Mc tiu cui cng l tin thng n Dinh c Lp.*66+

Sng 30 thng 4, cm t kch su nhanh chng dp tt cc khng ca QLVNCH ti cu Xa L, Cn c Rch Chic, cn c Nguyn Hu, Hc vin Cnh st, cu Si Gn. Pho binh QLVNCH tr li ti cn c Th c dng ha lc sng ci v sng chng tng M-72 chn nh v chia ct i hnh tiu on xe tng 5 (l on 203). Mt phn i ca l on 203 lin ko vo tiu dit nhm pho binh ny. Ti y xe tng 707 ca l on phi chin u n vin n cui cng v ngi cui cng*67+. n 9 gi sng 30 thng 9, sau khi dn b phn cn li ca i phng vo trong cn c Th c, tiu on 5 li cm qun ny cho trung on 18 (s on 325) x l{ v ui theo cc n v i u lc ny n cu Si Gn. Sau khi nh tan sc khng c ca 8 xe tng c s phi hp ca 6 tu chin hi qun QLVNCH u ti Tn Cng, cm t kch su nhanh chng vt qua cu Si Gn tin vo ng Hng Thp T*68+, nhng cng mt 4 xe tng v tiu on trng Ng Vn Nh ca l on xe tng 203 hi sinh*69+ Sau khi tiu dit cm cht cui cng ca QLVNCH ti cu Th Ngh gm 4 xe tng v 6 l ct ch trong vng 15 pht, tiu on xe tng 1 (l on 203) tip cn cng Dinh c Lp qua ng Tho Cm Vin. Xe tng 843 lao vo hc cnh cng ph bn tri ca dinh nhng b kt li. Cn xe tng 390 do Chnh tr vin i i V ng Ton ch huy hc cnh cng chnh v tin vo sn Dinh c Lp.*70+ i i trng Bi Quang Thn ra khi xe 843, ly l c trn xe ca mnh em vo treo ln ct c trn nc Dinh c Lp lc 11 gi 30 pht.*71+ t pht sau, i y Phm Xun Th, trung on ph trung on 66 v hai i i b binh c mt ti Dinh c Lp. Ton b ni cc ca chnh quyn VNCH c mt ti dinh lc gm: Tng thng Dng Vn Minh, Ph tng thng Nguyn Vn Huyn, Th tng V Vn Mu, Ph th tng Bi Tng Hun, Tng trng Kinh t Nguyn Vn Ho, Tng trng thng tin L{ Qu{ Chung, Tng trng Thng mi v K ngh Nguyn Vn Dip, Tng trng Ti chnh L Quang Trng, Th trng thng tin Nguyn Vn Ba, Th trng quc phng Bi Th Dng, Ph t tng tham mu trng Nguyn Hu Hnh, Chnh vn phng Ph th tng V Trang Chim*71+. Ti y, ng Dng Vn Minh ni: "Chng ti ch cch mng n bn giao chnh quyn". ng Phm Xun Th tuyn b: "Cc ng chng cn g bn giao, cc ng phi u hng v iu kin". 11 gi 45 pht 30 thng 4 1975, ng Phm Xun Th v cc s quan di quyn a ng Dng Vn Minh ra i pht thanh tuyn b u hng v iu kin.*72+ *73+ *sa+Cc din bin chnh tr, ngoi giao Bi chi tit: Chin dch "Gi lc"

in ca Donald Rumsfeld, Tr l{ Tng thng Hoa Kz t Nh Trng gi cho Graham Martin, i s Hoa Kz ti Si Gn thng bo vic tin hnh cuc di tn "Gi lc". Cho n ngy 21 thng 4, khi cc tuyn phng th Phan Rang v Xun Lc ln lt sp , Nguyn Vn Thiu t chc v bay sang i Loan, nhng li gh Tng thng VNCH cho Trn Vn Hng, ngi Php vn tin rng h c th dn xp c mt gii php chnh tr. Ti Paris, ng Jean Sauvagnargues, B trng ngoi giao Cng ha Php nhiu ln triu kin i s Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ha Phm Vn Ba v Trng on i din Chnh ph Cch mng Lm thi Cng ha min Nam Nan Vit Nam V Vn Sung n tr s B Ngoi giao tham vn v lin tip a ra cc ngh v mt gii php chnh tr.*74+. Ti Si Gn, ngay khi bt u chin dch di tn ngi M khi min Nam, i s Hoa Kz Martin cng tm gp trao i vi i s Php Jean Marie Merillon v kh nng m ra mt gii php chnh tr. Ngy 21 thng 4, hai ng ny gp Nguyn Vn Thiu bn v vic a Dng Vn Minh ln gh tng thng

nhng Nguyn Vn Thiu li yu cu "lm ng Hin php". iu c ngha l Ph Tng thng Trn Vn Hng s ln thay. V c hai v i s Hoa Kz v Php chp nhn mt gii php trung gian vi chc v th tng c trao cho Dng Vn Minh. Mc d khng th lt ngc dc tnh hung nhng vic chm tr khi a ng Dng Vn Minh ln gh tng thng khng cho cc quan chc CIA Si Gn thm bt c mt c hi no thc hin mt gii php thng lng.*75+ Trong lc vi v tm kim s ng h ca "lc lng th ba" lm mt gii php thng lng, ngy 28 thng 4, ng Dng Vn Minh b nhim ng Triu Quc Mnh l ngi c pha Mt trn dn tc gii phng min Nam Vit Nam ci vo "lc lng th ba" vo chc v Gim c Cnh st thnh. Ly c thc hin { nh ca tng thng, ng Mnh gii tn cc phng cnh st c bit, cc b ch huy cnh st cc qun v cc t chc cnh st c s. ng cn lnh cho cc ng cnh st khng c n sng v cho php cc s quan cnh st c v nh lo cho gia nh. Nhng hot ng ca ng Triu Quc Mnh v hiu ha gn nh ton b lc lng cnh st ti Si Gn t ngy 29 thng 4.*76+

Li tuyn b u hng ca ng Dng Vn Minh v li chp nhn u hng ca i in QNDVN 19 gi ngy 28 thng 4, ngay sau khi tn tng thng Dng Vn Minh va thu m xong bn tuyn b ca mnh vi yu cu c hai bn ngng bn, thng lng bn giao chnh quyn th ng Vanussme, ty vin qun s v an ninh ca i s qun Php ti Si Gn xut hin. ng ny yu cu ngng pht cun bng v a ra mt ngh khin ng Dng Vn Minh cng phi kinh ngc v s mnh nghe nhm. ngh l: chnh quyn mi do ng Dng Vn Minh ng u hy ra tuyn b chng Lin X v ku gi Bc Kinh can thip, ngn chn cng sn Vit Nam tin vo Si Gn. ng ta ni c nhng ngun tin Washington, Paris v Bc Kinh cho bit Trung Quc khng ng h mt thng li hon ton ca Mt trn Dn tc Gii phng min Nam Vit Nam. Vanusseme cn ni cng: "Trung Quc s vo v cc ng s ng vng". Tuy nhin, do khng bit thc h ra sao nn ng Dng Vn Minh ly c khng cn thi gian v Si Gn khng c lin lc trc tip vi Bc Kinh t chi ngh ca Vanussme. Sau khi Vanussme i khi, Dng Vn Minh tm s vi my ngi thn hu: "Mnh b Php i theo M, by gi n li xui mnh i theo Tu. Tht l chn qu".*77+ Vo lc 19 gi 30 pht ngy 28 thng 4, ng ra lnh cho pht cun bng ghi m vi li ku gi "nhng ngi anh em pha bn kia ngng bn thu xp mt gii php bn giao chnh quyn" nhng i pht thanh H Ni cng nh nhng i din ca Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ha v Chnh ph Cch mng Lm thi Cng ha min Nam Vit Nam Paris vn ch c mt yu cu l pha Vit Nam Cng ha phi u hng khng iu kin.*78+ Sau ny, khi tr li phng vn ca mt s nh bo ti Si Gn v quyt nh u hng ngy 30 thng 4 ca mnh, ng Dng Vn Minh cho rng: Si Gn v x hi min Nam mc rung, nht l cng v cui th tnh hnh cng tr nn hn lon, khng sao kim sot c... Trc sc

mnh v bo ca Qun gii phng, Qun lc Vit Nam Cng ha khng cn sc chng c, ch c quyt nh u hng khng iu kin l iu hp thi duy nht m thi.*79+ Xem thm: S kin 30 thng 4, 1975 *sa+Cc din bin ti ng bng sng Cu Long *sa+K hoch mt khu ca Qun on IV - QLVNCH ph sn Trong cc din bin ca Cuc Tng tn cng v ni dy ma Xun nm 1975, Qun on IV - QLVNCH ti ng bng Sng Cu Long l n v t chu thit hi nht. Ngay sau cc cuc tht th ti Ty Nguyn, Hu - Nng, theo lnh ca B Tng tham mu QLVNCH, tng Nguyn Khoa Nam, t lnh Qun on hon chnh k hoch lp "mt khu" gi ng bng sng Cu Long lm cn c tip tc chng c nu Si Gn tht th. Tng Nam hy vng vi ba s on b binh 7, 9, 21 cn tng i nguyn vn trong tay, gn na triu a phng qun v phng v dn s, cng vi cc lc lng cn sng st rt t cc qun khu tht th v, ng ta c th lp c vnh ai Alpha xung quanh thnh ph Cn Th, trung tm ch huy ca Qun on. Trong trng hp khng gi c Cn Th, tng Nam cn c phng n da vo tuyn bin gii Vit Nam - Campuchia vi dy ni Tht Sn v cc vng c ng tn Pht gio Ha Ho, c hng trm hang ng him tr cm c lu di v ch thi c phn cng. Trong thng 4 nm 1975, mt s cng trnh kin c d nh s dng cho B tng tham mu QLVNCH rt v y c xy dng.*80+ Cc tng L Minh o v L Vn Hng cng t nhiu hy vng vo k hoch ny khi t chi li mi ca tng Nguyn Hu Hnh ngh cc ng ny quay v Si Gn hp tc vi tng Dng Vn Minh.*81+ Tuy nhin, k hoch ny khng th thc hin c do mt s tng t cp di b chy, b my ch huy ca Qun on IV ri lon n mc khng th iu khin c cc n v di quyn trong khi cc lc lng cch mng ang th p o. n 10 gi ngy 30 thng 4, (trc lc khi s 4 gi), vin chun tng tham mu trng qun on v vin i t ph trch an ninh chu trch nhim giao nhim v cho cc cp b trn cng v con qua ng sng Hu ra bin. Cng i cn c vin thiu t chnh vn phng tiu khu Phong Dinh. 18 gi chiu 30 thng 4, mt s thn ho, nhn s Cn Th c mt ti cng t dinh ca tng L Vn Hng ti Cn Th yu cu ng ta hy v dn chng m ng ra lnh phn cng v s rng nu QLVNCH phn cng, Cn Th s b pho binh i phng bn nt nh An Lc nm 1972. 18 gi 45 pht chiu 30 thng 4, tng Nam in cho tng Hng thng bo vic ng ta cho pht cuc bng li ku gi ca mnh trn i pht thanh Cn Th. Nhng vic ny khng c thc hin do i pht thanh b mt n v bit ng QGPMNVN do thiu t Hong Vn Thch ch huy nh chim trc mt gi. Thay vo , cun bng ghi li li ku gi u hng ca tng Dng Vn Minh hi 12 gi tra ngy 30 thng 4 c pht ln sng ca i Cn Th. Chiu ti 30 thng 4, tng L Vn Hng t st ti t dinh. Na m 30 thng 4, tng Nguyn Khoa Nam ra lnh d b cc bn , k hoch, mt hiu hnh qun di tng hm ca S ch huy Qun on IV -QLVNCH v t st ngay trong phng lm vic rng sng ny 1 thng 5 nm 1975. K hoch "mt khu" ca Qun on IV ph sn.*82+ T 26 thng 4 n 2 thng 5, cc n v QNDVN ti Qun khu 8 t chc nhiu mi tn cng vo cc n v QLVNCH ti ng bng sng Cu Long, phi hp vi s ni dy ca dn chng trong vng. Ngy 27 thng 4, s on 7 QLVNCH b s on 8 QNDVN bao vy ti cn c ng Tm, chu mt thnh ph M Tho cch khong vi dm. Trong cc ngy 29 v 30 thng 4, cc tiu khu nh Tng, Kin Tng, Sa c ln lt b nh chim bi qun a phng v dn qun du kch ca Mt trn dn tc

gii phng min Nam Vit Nam. Thm ch QLVNCH v chnh quyn a phng ca h ti tnh G Cng h v kh u hng trc cuc biu tnh ca dn chng ch c mt i t v v trang h tr.*83+ Ti Khu 9, tnh hnh cng din bin rt nhanh chng. Ngy 30 thng 4, ti Bn Tre, ba tiu on bo an 401, 418 v 593 QLVNCH b cc tiu on a phng 263 v 596 ca Qun gii phng min Nam Vit Nam nh thit hi nng trong mt cuc phn kch nh chim li chi khu Lng Qi. n ngy 1 thng 5, chnh quyn ton tnh Bn Tre (Kin Ho) ri vo tay cc lc lng cch mng. m 29 thng 4, s on 4 (ch lc khu 9) bao vy v nh chim sn bay Tr Nc. S on 4 khng qun v tiu on bo v sn bay khng khng c v u hng ti ch. n chiu ti ngy 30 thng 4, hu ht cc c im quan trng cn li ca QLVNCH trong vnh ai Alpha nh cn c Bnh Thu, sn bay L T, nha cnh st, B t lnh Vng chin thut IV, i pht thanh, dinh tnh trng Phong Dinh b QNDVN nh chim. Sng 30 thng 4, ti Vnh Long, trung on 18 (s on 21, QLVNCH) u hng v tan r ti ch. Vin i t tnh trng ra hng sng ngy 1 thng 5. Ti Tr Vinh, 11 gi ngy 30 thng 4, vin tnh trng v hn 100 binh lnh cn li cng h v kh u hng. 11 gi ngy 1 thng 5, ton b QLVNCH ti Long Xuyn h v kh trc sc p ca trung on 101 (s on 4 - ch lc khu 9) c mt tiu on thit gip M113 tng cng. Ti Sc Trng, ngy 30 thng 4, bn tiu on Ph Li 1, 2, 3, 4 ca tnh i Sc Trng ln lt nh chim tri L{ Thng Lit, sn bay Vng Hon, chi khu Khnh Hng, khu Hong Diu, Ty cnh st. Lc 14 gi cng ngy, hn 100 binh s QLVNCH ti dinh tnh trng ko c trng ra hng. Ti Bc Liu, sng 30 thng 4, vin tnh trng v b my chnh quyn VNCH ti y chp nhn u hng trc cuc biu tnh ca gn mt vn ngi dn trc ta th chnh Bc Liu. 22 gi m 30 thng 4, bn tiu on ch lc khu 9 (QNDVN) nh chim ton b tnh Rch Gi. 10 gi 30 pht sng ngy 1 thng 5, cc lc lng v trang cch mng a phng lm ch th x v ton tnh C Mau.*84+ *sa+nh ui qun Khmer trn vng gip bin gii Tuy khng nm trong k hoch chin dch H Ch Minh nhng cc hot ng nh ui qun Khmer ra khi cc vng t lin Vit Nam Ty Nam B b h ln chim cng l mt trong cc hot ng qun s chin dch ny c c kt qu hon chnh, bo v vng chc lnh th va mi c thng nht ca Vit Nam. Ngay sau khi QLVNCH ti ng bng sng Cu Long tan r v u hng QNDVN, t ngy 3 n ngy 12 thng 5 nm 1975, chnh quyn Khmer li dng "khong trng v quyn lc" ti cc a phng trn khu vc bin gii gia cc tnh H Tin, Chu c ca Vit Nam vi cc tnh Takeo v Campot ca Campuchia, s dng qun chnh quy m cc cuc tn cng ln chim nhiu a im ca Vit Nam. c bit l khu vc Ba Chc (huyn Tri Tn), Ph Cng, Ph Hip (huyn Tnh Bin), th x Chu c, huyn l An Ph; qun Khmer st hi trn 500 thng dn Vit Nam, k c mt s cu qun nhn QLVNCH bung sng, ri b qun ng; bn vo nhng thng dn Vit Nam t Campuchia chy trn khi ch Khmer v Vit Nam. Ti Ty Ninh, qun Khmer cng tn cng ln chim nhiu a im ti Xa Mt, Ta Nt, L G (huyn Tn Bin), Phc Thnh, Phc Tn, (huyn Chu Thnh), Cy Me, Mc Bi (huyn Bn Cu) st hi hng trm thng dn Vit Nam.*85+*86+ Song song vi cc chin dch chim li cc o Ph Quc, Th Chu, Polou Wai, qun o Nam Du trn Vnh Thi Lan. B t lnh Qun khu 9 s dng s on 4 b binh c tng cng trung on hi qun nh b 101 t B t lnh hi qun m cuc phn cng y li qun Khmer . Ngy 7 thng 5, gii phng Chu c. n u thng 6, cc n v ny gii phng ton b khu vc bin gii thuc tnh An Giang b qun Khmer ln chim; loi khi vng chin u mt tiu on qun chnh quy Khmer , thu gi mt khu pho 105 mm, hai khu ci 82 v 60 mm, tm i lin 12,7 mm, hn 40 sng b

binh cc loi. Sau khi ginh li ch quyn lnh th, cc n v ny t chc ro dy thp gai trn 40 km ng bin gii v b tr phng th ti ch phng qun Khmer tip tc ln chim.*87+ *sa+Kt qu Chin dch H Ch Minh, chin dch qun s ln nht ca QNDVN trong ton b cuc chin tranh Vit Nam kt thc vi s tan r hon ton ca qun i v chnh quyn Vit Nam Cng ho. Kt qu ca chin dch ny l s thng nht, c lp, ch quyn ton vn lnh th trn t lin, vng tri, vng bin ca Vit Nam sau hn 100 nm b nc ngoi chim ng v chia ct.*cn dn ngun+ Trong Chin dch H Ch Minh, QNDVN tiu dit v lm tan r ton b lc lng ch lc, a phng, cnh st thuc Qun khu 3 ca QLVNCH v lc lng d b l tn qun ca Qun on 1 v 2 ca QLVNCH rt v, tng cng trn 45 vn qun. Thu 500 khu pho, hn 400 xe tng, xe thit gip, 800 my bay, 600 tu chin, 270.000 khu sng cc loi, 3000 xe qun s v ton b kho tng.*88+ Trn phng tin thng tin i chng, s kt thc chin dch ny c truyn i bng mt bc in t Bu in trung tm Si Gn bi mt phng vin UPI n hn 7500 my teletype trn ton cu: "ZCZC VHAO 25 NXI (stop) Ho tc (stop) Si Gn-Chnh ph Si Gn u hng. (stop) NTL 1131 Sng" V mt bc in c th hn sau 60 giy xc nhn: ZCZ NNN (stop) Bn tin (stop) Ha bnh30/4 (stop) ca Alan Dawson UPI (stop) Si Gn-30 thng 4 (stop) Tng thng Dng Vn Minh hm nay ra thng bo Nam Vit Nam u hng v ra lnh binh s thuc chnh quyn ngng chin u. (stop) NTL 1132 Sng.

Alan Dawson, *89+ ng sau bc in n gin nhng c c th gii quan tm y l kt qu ca mt chin dch t du chm ht cho cuc chin tranh Vit Nam; mt cuc chin m v n, c hn 360.000 ngi M thng vong, trong c 58.191 qun nhn cht;*90+ pha Qun i nhn dn Vit Nam c hn 1,1 triu qun nhn cht, trong 300.000 ngi n nay vn cn trong din mt tch, 600.000 qun nhn b thng, gn 2 triu dn thng b git, hn 2 triu dn thng mang thng tt sut i, khong 2 triu ngi b phi nhim cc loi ha cht c hi.