LỊCH SỬ NGÀNH KHÍ VIỆT NAM

chng
TRIN KHAI CC N KH V LC HA DU
I. HOT NG THU GOM, VN CHUYN, X L V PHN PHI KH

1. Quy hoch kh tng th (Gas Master Plan) n nm 2010
Vit Nam bt u khai thc kh t nm 1981 (m kh Tin Hi C - Thi Bnh) v khai thc du cng vi kh ng hnh t nm 1986 (m Bch H thm lc a pha Nam). Sau khi Lut u t nc ngoi ti Vit Nam c ban hnh vo nm 1987, cng tc tm kim, thm d du kh c trin khai mnh m, nht l trn thm lc a. Nhiu cng ty pht hin kh nh Total vnh Bc B, Shell bin min Trung, ONGC v BP b trm tch Nam Cn Sn Tim nng v kh tr nn r nt v vic khai thc ti nguyn kh mt cch hiu qu phc v s nghip pht trin kinh t t nc t ra cho ngnh Du kh Vit Nam nhng nhim v mi m. Vic khai thc v s dng kh i hi cch tip cn tng th t ngun cung cp, h tng k thut vn chuyn n th trng tiu th kh (Gas chain). Do , Quy hoch kh tng th c xy dng vi s cng tc cht ch ca nhiu c quan Vit Nam (B K hoch v u t; Petrovietnam; B Cng nghip; B Ti chnh; Vn phng Chnh ph; B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng; B Xy dng; Ban Vt gi Chnh ph; Vn phng Trung ng ng; Vin Nng lng), 3 cng ty Anh l BP, British Gas, Moth Ewbank Prece v mt cng ty M l Mobil bng ngun ti tr ODA ca Chnh ph Vng quc Anh v 200.000 USD ca Mobil. Bn Quy hoch tng th a ra mt ci nhn ton cnh v pht trin cng nghip kh Vit Nam cho giai on 15 nm vi ni dung chnh nh sau:
Lch s nganh Dau kh Viet Nam
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Phn th ba: TNG CNG TY DU KH VIT NAM...
- Tim nng v kh ca Vit Nam ln hn tim nng v du; cc m kh c phn b trong c nc, song tp trung ch yu cc b trm tch Nam Cn Sn v Sng Hng. - Cng nghip kh Vit Nam nn pht trin theo vng vi th t u tin min Nam, min Trung v min Bc. - Nn xem xt kh nng xut khu kh c vn pht trin cng nghip kh trong nc. - Ngoi ra, bn Quy hoch cn xut cc chnh sch h tr s pht trin ngnh cng nghip kh Vit Nam nhm khai thc ti a nhng li ch t cc ngun kh thin nhin. y l bn Quy hoch tng th v pht trin kh thin nhin u tin Vit Nam, c son tho kh cng phu, tp hp c nhiu s liu iu tra t cc ngun khc nhau trong nc, cng nh mt s quan im, chnh sch ca cc c quan qun l nh nc. Nhiu cuc hp trao i, tho lun di s ch tr ca B trng B K hoch v u t Trn Xun Gi cng nh Ph Th tng Chnh ph Trn c Lng c t chc trong hn 2 nm (1994-1996). Ring i vi Petrovietnam, ln u tin vic nh gi ti nguyn du kh ton thm lc a Vit Nam c trin khai mt cch kh bi bn v cp nht c y ti liu vo lc (ti nguyn kh c th thu hi l 1.300 t m3, c th khai thc 15 t m3/nm vo nm 2010). V mt kinh t, theo bn Quy hoch ny, gi kh cung cp cho th trng t 2 n 3,5 USD cho 1 triu BTU (theo gi nm 1996).
2. u t xy dng cc cng trnh thu gom, vn chuyn v ch bin kh m Bch H

X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro bt u khai thc m du Bch H t ngy 26-6-1986. Ti cc gin khai thc, cho n nm 1995, kh ng hnh c tch ra khi du th vi h s kh/du bnh qun l 150 m3/tn v c t b do cha c iu kin thu gom v vn chuyn vo b s dng. Tnh n ngy 31-7-1990, X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro khai thc c 3,95 triu tn du th v t b 739 triu m3 kh ng hnh. Ring trong thng 7-1990, lng kh t b l trn 13,7 triu m3 km theo 722 tn condensat. Ngoi m Bch H, trong khu vc b Cu Long pht hin m Rng v nhiu cu to c trin vng cha du kh ln Nu khng c bin php sm thu gom v s dng kh ng hnh, th cng vi s gia tng khai thc du, lng kh ng hnh phi t
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Chng 8: TRIN KHAI CC N KH V...
b s ngy cng ln, gy lng ph ti nguyn v lm nhim mi trng. Do tng thu gom, vn chuyn kh ng hnh vo b v s dng cho nn kinh t quc dn hnh thnh. Ngh quyt s 15-NQ/TW ngy 7-7-1988 ca B Chnh tr nhn mnh: Nhanh chng lp phng n trc nm 1995 s dng kh ng hnh m Bch H v cc m khc sn xut phn m, pht in v phc v i sng nhn dn. 2.1. V s dng kh ng hnh m Bch H Ti k hp XI Hi ng X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro ngy 21-10-1989, Pha Vit Nam chnh thc ngh c s dng kh ng hnh t cc m ca X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro m khng phi tr tin. Ngy 3-1-1990, Trng on Pha Lin X B.A. Nikitin thng bo, Chnh ph Lin X ng giao cho Chnh ph Vit Nam thu gom v s dng kh ng hnh m Bch H khng phi tr tin cho X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro tr phn kh s dng ti m. Ngy 12-12-1990, sau mt thi gian di m phn, hai Pha Vit Nam v Lin X k Ngh nh th lin Chnh ph Vit - X, quy nh: t ngy 1-1-1991, kh ng hnh ly ln trong qu trnh khai thc du ngoi vic s dng cho cc nhu cu cng ngh khai thc s c giao cho Bn Vit Nam ti m khng phi tr tin1. S kin ny to c s trin khai cc bc tip theo v s dng kh ng hnh m Bch H. Ngy 16-7-1991, hai Chnh ph Vit Nam v Lin X k Hip nh sa i v tm kim, thm d v khai thc du kh ti thm lc a pha Nam Vit Nam, trong chnh thc khng nh kh ng hnh c ly ln trong qu trnh khai thc du m X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro khng s dng cho nhu cu cng ngh c chuyn giao cho Pha Vit Nam ti m khng phi tr tin. Trong trng hp pht hin cc m kh hoc condensat, vic nh thu s dng v phn chia sn phm khai thc c s l i tng ca mt tha thun ring ca hai Bn. 2.2. Cng ty Kh t Vit Nam (VietGas) v D n kh Bch H trin khai thc hin vic thu gom, vn chuyn, x l v phn phi kh, ngy 20-9-1990 B Cng nghip nng ra quyt nh thnh lp Cng ty Kh t thuc Tng cng ty Du m v Kh t Vit Nam. Gim c u tin ca Cng ty Kh t Vit Nam l ng Nguyn Quang Hp, nguyn V trng V Kinh t - K hoch
1. Ngh nh th v mt s vn lin quan n hot ng ca X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro trong nm 1991 do B trng B Cng nghip nng Trn Lum, c y quyn ca Bn Vit Nam v Th trng th nht B Cng nghip du Lin X B.A. Nikitin, c y quyn ca Bn Lin X k ngy 12-12-1990.
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Tng cc Du m v Kh t Vit Nam. Nm 1998, trn c s Cng ty VietGas, Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh - PVGC (sau tr thnh Tng cng ty Kh Vit Nam - PV Gas) c thnh lp. Ngay sau khi thnh lp, Cng ty Kh t Vit Nam tch cc thc hin cc nhim v c Tng cng ty Du m v Kh t Vit Nam giao v lp v phi hp trin khai cc d n kh. Ban u do cha c nng lc v kinh nghim thc t, Tng cng ty Du m v Kh t Vit Nam c Hi ng B trng cho php mi cc cng ty nc ngoi tham gia lin doanh lp D n pht trin v s dng kh thin nhin Vit Nam. c 18 cng ty nc ngoi hng ng tham gia d n (Php: Gaz de France, SODEP; Anh: BP Exploration, British Gas; Nht Bn: CITOH, Nissho Iwai; c: Liquid Gas International lin doanh vi Manessman; n : PEC; B: Tractebel; Niu Diln: Gas Development Resource; Thi Lan: PTT; Malaixia: Petronas; i Loan: CPIC; Hng Kng: Search International Ltd; M: do cm vn nn Cng ty CIREN ng tn thay cho 10 cng ty M). Trong nm 1991 v 1992, mt s cng ty du kh Nht Bn, Php, Canaa, Thi Lan gi Lun chng kh thi n kh n Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. Qua 2 vng phn tch so snh la chn v sau khi c Hi ng B trng ph duyt, Tng cng ty Du m v Kh t Vit Nam chn T hp Liquigas/SNC (Canaa) lm i tc lin doanh, v ngy 18-4-1992 hai Bn k Tho thun chung v tho lun cc vn bn thnh lp Lin doanh nh my kh ho lng1. Ngy 17-6-1994, c s cho php ca Th tng Chnh ph, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam k Tha thun khung (Heads of Agreement) v n s dng kh ng hnh gia Petrovietnam vi T hp Cng ty British Gas PLC (Anh), Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (Nht Bn) v TransCanada Pipelines Ltd. (Canaa). Sau , trong qu trnh m phn Hp ng thnh lp lin doanh do cc iu kin m cc i tc nc ngoi a ra khng c Pha Vit Nam chp thun, cc cng ty ni trn khng th i n giai on trin khai thc hin d n. Tuy nhin, qu trnh trao i, m phn vi cc cng ty nc ngoi gip cc chuyn gia Vit Nam tng bc nng cao trnh ; trin khai cc hot ng hp tc vi cc t chc nc ngoi trong lnh vc cng nghip kh, nh vi Vin C vn Nht Bn (JCI) lp bn nghin cu tin kh thi ng b t thu gom, vn chuyn, ho lng v ch bin phn m (chi ph do Chnh ph Nht Bn ti tr)
1. Cng vn s 1964/KT-KH ngy 9-11-1992 ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam gi Tng B th ng Cng sn Vit Nam Mi v vic Bo co v n kh v n lc du.
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L k Tha thun khung (Heads of Agreement) n s dng kh ng hnh m Bch H gia Petrovietnam vi British Gas PLC, Mitsui & Co., Ltd. v TransCanada Pipelines Ltd., ti Nh ht ln H Ni (ngy 17-6-1994)
2.3. V Lun chng kinh t - k thut H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c Sau khi tm hiu cc n ca trn 30 cng ty nc ngoi, Cng ty Kh t Vit Nam phi hp vi Vin Nghin cu khoa hc v Thit k du kh bin (NIPI) thuc X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro v Vin Thit k B Thng mi tin hnh lp Lun chng kinh t - k thut cho H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh ng hnh t m Bch H n cc h tiu th trn t lin. Ch nhim d n l ng I.S. Oseredko, Chnh k s Vin NIPI. Bn Lun chng c Cng ty Kh t Vit Nam hon thnh v trnh Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ti Cng vn s 423/K ngy 15-8-1991. Ngy 18-10-1991, B Cng nghip nng t chc hi ngh xem xt Lun chng kinh t - k thut H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c do Th trng th nht L Vn D v Th trng L nh Quy ch tr. Tham d c i din ca Vn phng Hi ng B trng, y ban K hoch Nh nc, B Xy dng, B Ti chnh, B Nng lng, B Thng mi, Tng cng
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ty Du kh Vit Nam Cn c ngh ca B trng B Cng nghip nng1 v Bo co kt qu thm tra ca Hi ng Thm nh Nh nc2, Ch tch Hi ng B trng ph duyt Lun chng kinh t - k thut H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c3, vi ni dung chnh nh sau: H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c, bao gm:
- Cng trnh thu gom kh ti m Bch H. - Trm nn kh u mi ti m Bch H. - ng ng dn kh Bch H - Th c. - Trm thu hi condensat. - Cc cng trnh ph tr.
ng dn kh t m Bch H n mi K Vn (im tip b) di 127 km, tuyn ng dn kh K Vn - B Ra - Th c di 99 km. d phng m rng ln 1,5 t m3/nm).
- Cng sut thit k ca H thng thu gom v vn chuyn l 1 t m3/nm (c
- a im xy dng H thng ni trn bao gm: khu vc m Bch H, tuyn
M - Th c, nh my phn m, nh my tch kh ha lng xut khu.
- Cc h tiu th chnh: cc nh my in tucbin kh trn tuyn B Ra - Ph - Tng vn u t tm tnh 162 triu USD, trong ngoi t: 136 USD; tin
Vit Nam: 268 t ng (quy i 26,8 triu USD). Trc mt B Ti chnh ng cho Tng cng ty Du kh 2 triu USD thu thit k, t hng thit b, thu chuyn gia c vn v kim tra cht lng ng hin c ca X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro. Thit k v thi cng:
- Thit k gm 2 giai on: thit k k thut v thit k thi cng. - Thi cng: B Cng nghip nng thng nht vi B Xy dng trn c s
ngh ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam la chn n v thi cng thch hp. Thi hn xy dng cng trnh l 2 nm k t nm 1992.
1. Cng vn s 2717/CNNg-XDCB ngy 5-9-1991 ca B Cng nghip nng. 2. Cng vn s 1312/UBXDCB ngy 10-12-1991. 3. Quyt nh s 07/CT ngy 7-1-1992 ca Ch tch Hi ng B trng.
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Chng 8: TRIN KHAI CC N KH V... - T chc thc hin: C quan ch u t l Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam
chu trch nhim u t xy dng a cng trnh vo hot ng ng thi hn, bo m cht lng cao, tn dng ti a vt t, thit b v nng lc xy dng trong nc.
nng cao hiu qu cng trnh, B Cng nghip nng ch o Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam phi hp vi cc b, ngnh, cc c quan hu quan trin khai ngay vic lp Lun chng kinh t - k thut ca cc cng trnh khc s dng kh ca cng trnh ny (Nh my kh ha lng, thu gom v a kh t cc m Rng, i Hng vo h thng xy dng, Nh my phn m s dng nguyn liu kh, Nh my nhit in s dng nhin liu kh). y l cng trnh trng im ca Nh nc, yu cu cc b, ngnh, a phng lin quan c trch nhim gip Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam hon thnh tt cng trnh ny. Bn Lun chng kinh t - k thut ban u ny l s b v cha y (mi ch cp n vic thu hi cht lng condensat, cha ni ti vic tch kh ho lng LPG). Sau ny, trong qu trnh thc hin, bn Lun chng kinh t - k thut c b sung hon chnh nhiu ln. Mc d vy, c th thy rng y l ti liu ht sc quan trng, l c s Chnh ph Vit Nam ra quyt nh u t H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c, l cn c Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam trin khai thc hin d n, to tin cho vic pht trin ngnh cng nghip kh Vit Nam. 2.4. V Thit k tng th H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H Th c Sau khi Lun chng kinh t - k thut c duyt, bc trin khai tip theo quy nh ca Nh nc Vit Nam l lp thit k k thut v tng d ton ton b cng trnh. Do y l d n kh u tin, cha c tin l Vit Nam, cc t chc thit k trong nc cha c kinh nghim nn mt cng ty thit k ca Canaa l SNCLavalin c mi m phn v vic lp thit k k thut v tng d ton. Ngy 24-6-1992, Hp ng lp Thit k tng th cng trnh thu gom v vn chuyn kh ng hnh Bch H - Th c c k kt gia Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam do Gim c Cng ty Kh t Vit Nam Nguyn Quang Hp lm i din, theo y quyn ca Tng Gim c H S Thong v Cng ty SNC-Lavalin ca Canaa do ng L.V. Bruneider lm i din.
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Phm vi cng vic thit k tng th: - Thu thp cc s liu c s; - Kho st v nghin cu thit k tuyn ng cho ton b D n. Thit k tng th: - ng ng; - My nn ngoi bin; - Nh my LPG; - Kho cha v thit b bm chuyn sn phm. Mc ch thit k tng th: - Ti u ha thit k cc h thng; - Trin khai y cng tc thit k c th xc nh chi ph cho thc hin D n v xc nh phng php thc hin D n. - Trin khai y cng tc thit k c th lm c s u thu EPC xy dng D n. Gi tr Hp ng l 3.016.000 USD. Trong s tin ny c 542.003 USD tr cho Cng ty Kh t Vit Nam v cc cng vic nh thit k gin chn ngoi bin, kho st bin v chn tuyn, kho st a cht cng trnh do Ph Gim c Cng ty Phm Vn Kho, cc chuyn vin Nguyn Hng, Nguyn c Ho, Nguyn Th Vn, on Thin Tch, Trn Vn Thc, L Cng Gio thc hin. Theo Thit k tng th ca SNC-Lavalin, D n s dng kh Bch H gm cc hng mc cng trnh sau: - Gin nn kh ngoi bin vi 5 t nn kh, tng cng sut 8,1 t m3 kh/nm, tng d ton 140 triu USD; - H thng ng ng vi tng chiu di 195 km, trong c 115 km t Bch H n Dinh C v 84 km t Dinh C v Th c; - Nh my x l kh ti Dinh C vi tng d ton 80 triu USD; - H thng cng xut kh ha lng v condensat ti Th Vi, tng d ton 46 triu USD.
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Phi ni rng, y l ln u tin khi nim Thit k tng th (FEED FrontEnd Engineering and Design) c s dng Vit Nam. ng Nguyn Hip v Trng phng Xy dng c bn ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam V nh Chin gp B trng - Ch nhim y ban K hoch Nh nc Quc Sam trnh by s khc nhau v ging nhau gia Thit k tng th v Thit k k thut ca Lin X v Vit Nam cng nh chi ph thit k c tnh theo t l phn trm ca chi ph xy lp v thit b ton b cng trnh thay v tnh theo n gi thit k cho mt n v cng sut nh Quy nh u t Xy dng c bn hin hnh.
V tiu chun k thut p dng cho FEED, do nh thit k SNC-Lavalin (Canaa) v i tc lin doanh khng th p dng tiu chun GOST-Lin X nn Pha Vit Nam xut p dng tiu chun ca hng Shell-H Lan (hin ang dng Bc M v chu u) v yu cu SNC-Lavalin cung cp hu nh tt c cc tiu chun k thut lin quan n cng trnh vi tr gi khong 10.000 USD cung cp cho B Xy dng lm cn c thm nh v ph duyt.
Mt chi tit nh cho thy s khc bit rt ln gia hai h thng tiu chun Lin X v phng Ty: hnh lang ng ng dn kh. Theo tiu chun Lin X, chiu rng mi bn hnh lang an ton l 150 m; theo tiu chun M khng c khi nim hnh lang an ton (safety corridor), v an ton phi c tnh ngay trn vt liu v cng ngh ch to ng, hn ng
y cng l c hi u tin Hi ng Thm k Nh nc tip xc vi mt cch lm vic mi Nh vy, c th ni rng, lnh vc xy dng du kh v ngnh Xy dng Vit Nam bt u hi nhp vi th gii t cng trnh ny. t vn cho Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam v Hi ng Thm k Nh nc tin hnh thm tra thit k tng th, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam k hp ng vi Cng ty Sofre Gaz (Php).
Trong thi gian t ngy 12-7-1993 n ngy 30-7-1993, Hi ng Thm k Nh nc hp, nghe ng L.V. Bruneider - i din Cng ty SNC-Lavalin trnh by bo co v ni dung Thit k tng th. Qu tht l c nhiu vn mi v l i vi ta lc by gi! Ta t cc cu hi c v nh kim tra, quay i tc, nhng thc cht l tm hiu, hc. Cng phi nh gi cao ng Bruneider rt kin tr, nhn ni gii trnh; c lc ng ta phi trn tnh y l vn b mt (know-how) ca mi cng ty, cc ngi hi, ti xin ni. Ngy 2-8-1993, ng Bruneider tip tc lm vic vi ng Hip v ng Chin. Ngy 3-8-1993, Hi ng Thm k Nh nc ra thng bo bng Vn bn s 73/HTK-TT, kt lun vic xem xt D tho bo co Thit k tng th cng trnh thu gom v vn chuyn
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kh Bch H - Th c. Hai thng ri, sau khi sa cha v b sung t ngy 1810-1993 n ngy 27-10-1993, ng Bruneider trnh by Bo co cui cng ca Thit k tng th cng trnh H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c trc Hi ng Thm k Nh nc do Th trng B Xy dng - Ch tch Hi ng Nguyn Mnh Kim ch tr.
Sau khi c T trnh ca Ch tch Hi ng Thm k Nh nc1, Thit k tng th H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c c Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt trong Quyt nh s 05/TTg ngy 4-1-1994. Nhng ni dung chnh yu ca Thit k tng th gm: Ch u t cng trnh l Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam; Tng vn u t l 456,200 triu USD (k c cho cng trnh sm a kh vo b, fast track, v phn chung cho gaslift ca X nghip Lin doanh du kh Vit - X); Ngun vn, giai on I - Cng trnh fast track u t bng vn vay ca cc t chc trong nc v ngoi nc, giai on II - Ton b tng th h thng s gi vn u t nc ngoi theo hnh thc lin doanh u t, hoc tr vn bng sn phm du kh. Trong qu trnh trin khai Thit k tng th, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam tin hnh song song vic m phn tm i tc hp tc u t thc hin ton b D n, v y l D n ln v vn, phc tp v cng ngh, ln u tin thc hin Vit Nam.
ng Nguyn Hip, nguyn Ph Tng Gim c Petrovietnam, k li: Ngy 5-5-1994, ti Vn phng Chnh ph, cc Ph Th tng Chnh ph Phan Vn Khi v Trn c Lng ch tr cuc hp; tham d cuc hp c cc ng B trng - Ch nhim Vn phng Chnh ph L Xun Trinh, B trng B K hoch v u t Trn Xun Gi, Th trng B Nng lng Nguyn Ngc Phan, Th trng B Ti chnh Nguyn Sinh Hng Sau khi Tng Gim c H S Thong trnh by n thu gom, vn chuyn v x l kh ng hnh m Bch H, Ph Th tng Chnh ph Trn c Lng nu r thm mt s vn cn tho lun. Nhiu kin c a ra bn tho. Cui cng, Ph Th tng Chnh ph Phan Vn Khi kt lun: - Ch trng v xy dng ng ng dn kh t Bch H i B Ra, Th c: chung vn lm. - Gin nn kh: lm chung vi X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro, tit kim c vn ca Nh nc v chia s trch nhim qun l. - Phi lm sm Nh my kh ho lng.
1. T trnh s 1449/HTKNN ngy 9-11-1993 ca Ch tch Hi ng Thm k Nh nc.
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- Phi lm ng b a kh vo b v ho lng kh. - Gi bn kh cho in tng tng bc, nhng bn cho Nh my m th phi khc. - Ton b vn u t cho n l 500 triu USD, ta t lm th khng ni. Do quyt nh phi lin doanh. - Trong hp ng phi cht ch khi b p. Ta c th thay th Ch tch Hi ng Qun tr, Tng Gim c nng cao trnh anh em. - Phi u thu, chn thu cht ch. - Tng cng ty Du kh phi chy vn. - Ngn hng phi thu xp vn. - B Ti chnh phi gip Petrovietnam tnh phn gp vn bng t ai, chi ph ti Vit Nam Nhiu t hp cc cng ty nc ngoi tham gia m phn, trong ni bt nht l t hp hai cng ty British Gas ca Anh v TransCanada Pipeline ca Canaa, v k c cc cng ty BP, Enron (M). Do l D n u tin, cha c tin l, vic m phn din ra gay go, phc tp v c kh nng ko di. Trong ni b lnh o Petrovietnam cng chia thnh hai nhm quan im: lin doanh v t lm, khng lin doanh. Nhm lin doanh da trn lp lun: vn ln, cng ngh v qun l phc tp, ta cha c kinh nghim, k c vic bao tiu sn phm (ch yu l xut khu LPG, v lc th trng tiu th LPG rt nh, ch vi nghn tn/ nm). Nhm t lm, khng lin doanh, cho rng ming ngon nht trong n kh (l cc cng trnh trn b nh Nh my kh ho lng v ng ng, kho cng) li em lin doanh l cho ngi ngoi xi! Trong bi cnh , tng chia d n ra thc hin tng phn xut hin mc d gy rt nhiu tranh ci.
sm a kh vo b v c s cho php ca Th tng Chnh ph, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam quyt nh thc hin d n H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c theo giai on v a vo s dng tng phn, mc d y l mt h thng. Cn c vo nguyn tc thc hin , D n c chia thnh cc d n thnh phn sau y: - ng ng Bch H - B Ra hay cng trnh sm a kh vo b (fast track); - ng ng B Ra - Ph M hay cng trnh 2-3 triu m3 kh/ngy m; - ng ng Ph M - Th c (sau i thnh ng ng Ph M - Thnh ph H Ch Minh); - Gin nn kh trung tm m Bch H;
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- Nh my x l kh Dinh C; - Kho cng Th Vi. C th ni rng vic m phn la chn i tc cho ton b d n khng thnh cng, nhng cng mang li cho Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam nhng li ch thit thc. Trong qu trnh m phn, gim thiu ri ro v bo v li ch ca mnh, cc i tc yu cu t chc thc hin d n theo thng l quc t, bao gm t cch thc thu xp vn, la chn nh thu thng qua u thu quc t, thu t vn chuyn nghip qun l d n, n thu gim nh c lp cp chng ch ph hp. l iu mi l, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam sm nhn ra li ch, nhanh chng tip thu v vn dng linh hot vo vic thc hin d n. 2.5. V cng trnh sm a kh vo b (fast track) Cng trnh sm a kh vo b da trn nguyn l s dng p sut va a 1 triu m3 kh/ngy vo b, khi cha c gin nn kh ngoi m, cung cp cho nh my in tucbin kh B Ra. Cng trnh bao gm h thng thu gom v tch condensat ngoi bin, ng ng Bch H - B Ra, trm x l kh Dinh C v trm phn phi kh B Ra. Thit k tng th v d ton tm tnh ca cng trnh sm a kh vo b c Hi ng Thm tra thit k Nh nc thm nh v Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt trong Quyt nh s 209/TTg ngy 5-5-1993, vi gi tr 116,6 triu USD v 10,2 t ng. Ban Qun l cng trnh H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c l i din Ch u t c thnh lp theo quyt nh ca Th tng Chnh ph1. ng Bi Hi Ninh, nguyn Ph Tng Gim c Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c Th tng Chnh ph c lm Trng ban Qun l Cng trnh kh. Song song vi qu trnh thm nh, xt duyt Thit k tng th cng trnh H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c, k c Thit k tng th cng trnh sm a kh vo b (fast track), Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam khn trng tin hnh chn nh thu t vn qun l hp ng thit k - mua sm xy dng (EPCM) v thc rng y l cng trnh ln u tin c xy dng Vit Nam vi dng hp ng cng ln u tin thc hin ti Vit Nam.
1. Quyt nh s 35/TTg ngy 6-2-1993 ca Th tng Chnh ph do Ph Th tng Chnh ph Trn c Lng k thay, v vic thnh lp Ban Qun l cng trnh H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c.
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Ngy 30-7-1993, Ph Tng Gim c Tng cng ty Du kh Nguyn Hip cng Trng ban Qun l cng trnh kh Bi Hi Ninh, Trng phng Xy dng c bn Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam V nh Chin cng vi V trng V Chnh sch xy dng Phan nh i ca B Xy dng v cc chuyn vin hp bn thng nht cch trin khai chn thu t vn qun l n. Ngy 3-8-1993, ng Hip trc tip lm vic vi B trng - Trng ban Ch o Ng Xun Lc, c ng Chin tham gia. B trng Ng Xun Lc yu cu chn nhanh t vn qun l trong s 3 cng ty British Gas, Sofre Gaz v John Brown. T ngy 14-81993 n ngy 23-8-1993, Ban chn thu khn trng lm vic chn nh thu t vn qun l hp ng thit k - mua sm - xy dng (EPCM). Ngy 18-8-1993, Ban Ch o cng trnh kh nh nc bo co Chnh ph chn Cng ty John Brown t cc yu cu ra vi gi chi ph thp nht.
Ngay sau khi chn c nh thu t vn qun l cng trnh, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam trin khai ngay vic chn thu cng trnh sm a kh vo b theo dng Hp ng thit k - mua sm - xy dng (EPCC - EngineeringProcurement-Construction Contract).
Ngy 1-9-1993 hp Ban chn thu, tham d c V trng V Chnh sch B Xy dng Phan nh i v cc ng Chnh, Sm, Chin, Hin, Trng, Chng. Ngy 29-9-1993 hp cc nh thu Nisso Iwai, Mc Demott, Saipem, Bouygues Offshore, Hyundai Heavy Industries, c ng Finnay ca Cng ty t vn John Brown tham d. Ngy 23-10-1993 hp Ban chn thu. Ngy 3-11-1993, hi T m phn. Ngy 11-11-1993, hp li Ban chn thu nh gi tnh hnh v ch o T m phn. Ngy 2-12-1993, B trng B Xy dng - Trng ban Qun l cng trnh kh nh nc lm vic ti Chi nhnh Cng ty Petechim ti Vng Tu, Gim c Cng ty Petechim Trn Hu Lc bo co chun b sn sng k hp ng EPC. Ngy 15-12-1993, Ban Ch o cng trnh kh nh nc hp ti Cng ty Petechim Thnh ph H Ch Minh. B trng - Trng ban Ng Xun Lc ch o khn trng m phn. Cui cng chn c Cng ty Hyundai Heavy Industries (Hn Quc) m nhim xy dng cng trnh sm a kh vo b. Ngy 20-12-1993, ti H Ni, Cng ty Petechim k Hp ng EPC vi Cng ty Hyundai Heavy Industries c tr gi 54.950.000 USD.
Cng trnh sm a kh vo b c t chc thc hin theo ng thng l quc t vi vic s dng Cng ty John Brown (Vng quc Anh) lm t vn, Cng ty Lloyds Register (Anh) lm gim nh c lp v Huyndai Heavy Industries (Hn Quc) lm nh thu EPC thng qua u thu quc t. X nghip lin hip Xy lp du kh (Vit Nam) c Hyundai chn l nh thu ph. Vic qun l thc hin D n c t chc ph hp vi cc quy nh ca Vit Nam, c th: Chnh ph thnh lp Ban Ch o Nh nc (Trng ban l B trng B
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Xy dng Ng Xun Lc, Ph Trng ban l Tng Gim c Petrovietnam H S Thong, U vin Thng trc l Ph Tng Gim c Petrovietnam Nguyn Hip) thc hin mt s chc nng ch qun u t, Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc (Ch tch Hi ng l Th trng B Xy dng Nguyn Mnh Kim) nghim thu cng trnh, Ban Qun l D n kh thay mt Ch u t l Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam trc tip qun l D n, hp ng EPC c k qua u mi ngoi thng l Cng ty Petechim. Chi ph cng trnh sm a kh vo b bao gm hp ng EPC k vi Cng ty Hyundai v cc hp ng k vi X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro vo khong 94 triu USD. Ngy 9-4-1994, L ng th khi cng cng trnh fast track c thc hin ti Long Hi, ni tip gip ng ng gia bin v b di s chng kin ca Ph Th tng Chnh ph Trn c Lng cng i din cc b, ngnh trung ng v a phng. Sau hn mt nm xy dng, ngy 17-4-1995 kh ng hnh thu gom t m Bch H vn chuyn vo b, a n trm phn phi kh B Ra, sn sng cung cp kh cho Nh my in B Ra. Nh my in B Ra pht ra dng in bng kh u tin ha vo li in quc gia vo lc 14:00 gi ngy 26-4-1995.
uc t kh ti Trm tip nhn u vo Dinh C (ngy 17-4-1995)
L n nhn dng kh u tin vo b c t
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chc chiu ngy 1-5-1995 ti B Ra. Th tng Chnh ph V Vn Kit ct bng cho mng dng kh u tin vo b; tham d cn c Ph Ch tch nc Nguyn Th Bnh, Ch tch Tng Lin on Lao ng Vit Nam Nguyn Vn T, cng nhiu i din ca cc b, ngnh trung ng, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam, y ban nhn dn tnh B Ra - Vng Tu v cc tnh, thnh ph ln cn.
L n nhn dng kh u tin vo b ti Trm phn khi kh B Ra, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu (ngy 1-5-1995)
Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc cng trnh kh nghim thu cng trnh sm a kh vo b vo ngy 30-12-1995. Nng lc ca cng trnh theo thit k c duyt: cng sut 330 triu m3 kh/nm, p sut u vo 34 bar v nhit l 600C; p sut u ra l 22 bar v nhit l 220C. Tuyn ng di bin, t m Bch H n b bin Long Hi, di 106,5 km, dy 11,9 mm v 14,3 mm, ton tuyn c chn su 0,9 - 3 m. im tip b l Long Hi (thay v l Mi K Vn theo Lun chng kinh t - k thut H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c c duyt ban u nh trnh by trn). Tuyn ng Long Hi - B Ra di 16,722 km dy 9,5 mm.
Trong qu trnh lp t ng ng ngoi bin D n sm a kh vo b xy ra s c ng ng b gy do b va p vo mt vt no (khong cui
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Th tng Chnh ph V Vn Kit v lnh o Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ti Trm phn phi kh B Ra, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu
thng 10-1994). Pha nh thu Hyundai cho l tu cu ca X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro gy ra, kin i bi thng. Pha X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro cng a ra nhng chng l bc b chuyn v cho l chnh Hyundai gy ra. Tranh ci kh cng thng v mt nhiu thi gian (ngy 18-11-1994 hp Ban Qun l Cng trnh kh Nh nc, ngy 23-11-1994 Ph Th tng Chnh ph Trn c Lng ch tr hp ch o x l; C quan An ninh lc l ca B Ni v cng tham gia iu tra). Cui cng, vo khong thng 1-1995, Nh thu Hyundai phi b tin sa cha n gia thng 2-1995 th xong, khng nh hng nhiu ti tin n. Nhng phi n thng 4-1996 X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro v Hyundai mi i n ho gii, cng ty bo him m Hyundai mua bo him phi tr tin sa cha. Trong qu trnh trin khai n, ln u tin Pha Vit Nam tip cn vi vic nh thu i tr tin pht sinh (Variation Orders - VO) ti 21 triu USD (gn bng 1/4 tng chi ph n!). Pha ta kin tr m phn (phi c y l l v chng c) rng r gn 3 nm tri (sau khi cng trnh c nghim thu v vn hnh), nh thu phi chp nhn ta ch thanh ton khong 5 triu USD.
n sm a kh vo b l n u tin c thc hin Vit Nam di dng Hp ng thit k - mua sm - xy dng (EPCC). Mt phn vn ca n
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do nh thu thu xp (c gi l tn dng cho ngi mua - buyer credit). Nh thu Hyundai c Ngn hng Xut nhp khu (EXIMBANK) Hn Quc ti tr. l ngun vn chnh Pha Vit Nam c th trin khai c n vo nm 1993 - giai on rt kh khn ca nn kinh t Vit Nam. C th ni rng, y l cng trnh u tin Vit Nam c thc hin theo thng l quc t: S qun l d n c s tham gia ca t vn v gim nh nc ngoi gip ch u t kim sot cc khu trong qu trnh thc hin, bo m s thng nht v k thut v cht lng cc gii php thit k, sau khi hon thnh th cng trnh c chng ch quc t, d dng thu xp bo him vi chi ph hp l; vic la chn t vn, gim nh v nh thu EPC c thc hin thng qua u thu quc t, trn c s vn dng cc quy nh v mua sm hng ha ca Ngn hng Th gii v hp ng EPC ca Hip hi T vn Quc t (FIDIC), trong khi Vit Nam cha c quy nh v u thu v hnh thc hp ng EPC. Cc chuyn gia ca B Xy dng (V Chnh sch xy dng, Cc Gim nh cht lng) v cc chuyn gia ca Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc tham gia v gim st vic thc hin d n t u; nhng kinh nghim thc t t D n ny gp phn to ln vo vic hnh thnh phng thc qun l cc d n tip theo ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ni ring, cng nh vic xy dng cc Quy ch, Quy nh v Lut v xy dng v u thu ca Vit Nam ni chung.
Mc du ci g cng mi m khi thc thi n ny, song B trng B Xy dng, Trng ban Ch o Nh nc cng trnh kh Ng Xun Lc nhn xt: y l cng trnh t tiu chun quc t, ln u tin c bo hnh quc t, ng tin , khng vt d ton v c quyt ton sm.
2.6. V cng trnh 2-3 triu m3 kh/ngy m T thng 5-1995, sau khi cng trnh sm a kh vo b hon thnh, bo m cung cp 1 triu m3 kh/ngy m cho Nh my in B Ra, nhu cu cp kh cho sn xut in tip tc gia tng. Th tng Chnh ph giao cho Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam t chc thc hin d n cung cp 2 triu m3 kh/ngy m vo u nm 1997 cho Nh my in Ph M 2.1. Cng trnh 2-3 triu m3 kh/ngy m bao gm: vic lp t h thng thu gom kh v gin nn kh nh ngoi khi, b phn trn kh (jet compressor) trn gin ng ng; xy dng ng ng trn b B Ra - Ph M; v trm phn phi kh Ph M. bo m cng trnh t cht lng quc t, hon thnh vi tin nhanh, kp cung cp 2 triu m3 kh/ngy m cho cc nh my in B Ra, Ph M vo
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u nm 1997, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c Chnh ph cho p dng mt s c ch c bit v mt ch o, iu hnh v ti chnh. V nh thu xy dng cng trnh, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c ch nh: X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro l nh thu xy dng h thng thu gom, x l, nn kh b sung nhm bo m lu lng ca h thng ln 2 triu m3 kh/ngy m; Cng ty Thit k v Xy dng du kh cng vi n v xy dng ca B Xy dng l nh thu lp t ng ng kh B Ra - Ph M v trm phn phi kh ti Ph M; Ban Qun l Cng trnh Kh c i tn thnh Ban Qun l D n H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c. ng Trn Vn Thc c b nhim l Trng ban tip tc vic lnh o thc hin D n. Mc d c t nhiu kinh nghim khi trin khai n sm a kh vo b, nhng khi t lc thc hin D n 2-3 triu m3 kh/ngy m, cc n v cng gp rt nhiu kh khn t khu thit k, gi thu cung cp thit b, vt t, thi cng Vic u thu thit k gin nn kh nh cng din ra rt quyt lit gia cc cng ty cho thu. Khi xy dng Trm x l v phn phi kh Ph M, do thit b lc (Filter) v t nng (Heater) t mua ti nc ngoi v chm, trong khi Nh my in Ph M 2.1 sp cn kh chy th. Tnh th cp bch i hi phi lm by-pass. Sau khi khn trng tm kim, thu c Filter v Heater c ca Cng ty Technic Offshore ti Xingapo, chuyn gp v Ph M v lp vo on ng ph . Th l sn sng cung cp kh cho Nh my in Ph M 2.1! y cng l ln u tin thut ng by-pass c dng trong xy dng du kh Vit Nam. Sau , cc thit b ny cng c t mua lun. Khi thit b t mua v v c lp, cc Filter v Heater c c tho ra, sau ny li c lp by-pass h thng kh - in C Mau v h thng kh - in Nhn Trch.
ng Nguyn Hip, nguyn Ph Tng Gim c Petrovietnam v l ngi c phn cng c trch v kh k li hai cu chuyn vui. Chuyn th nht, vo nhng ngy sp a kh v Nh my in Ph M chy th, tnh hnh tranh ci gia Petrovietnam v EVN v nhng nguyn nhn t hai pha c th gy chm tr xy ra rt cng thng cp iu hnh trc tip (n ni Th tng Chnh ph yu cu Ch tch Hi ng Qun tr ca c hai Tng cng ty phi vo tn ni tho lun tm gii php tho g nhng kh khn, tr ngi c th). Trong qu trnh tranh ci, pha EVN c cn b ni rng, trong ng ng c c gng tay v giy ng (!). Tht ra, sau khi lp t xong, ng ng c th thu lc, thi kh, phng pig (thoi trt) th lm sao cn c cc th gng tay, giy ng trong ng! Th trng B Xy dng kim Ch tch Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc phi n tn ni kim tra. Phi chng l cch ko di thi gian do pha nh my
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in cha chun b kp vic chy th? Chuyn th hai th vui tht. khng nh kh ng hnh t m Bch H n Ph M, th phi t kh chy thp uc t ti Ph M. Nh thit k lp t h thng nh la ming uc. Kh c uc nhng la th khng! ng Nguyn Trng Nhng, Gim c Cng ty Thit k v Xy lp du kh ra lnh cho mt xe cn cu, cu mt thanh m u c tm du t chy, iu khin ngn la chm vo ming uc nh th chm bp du! Mi ngi u hi hp, rt lo v cn cu c th va vo uc! May thay, la bng chy ming uc. Mi ngi th pho. Lc mt chuyn gia t vn ca hng John Brown ni vi ti rng: by gi ti mi hiu ti sao Vit Nam cc ng thng M!.
Cui thng 3-1997 d n cung cp 2 triu m3 kh/ngy m hon thnh v kh c cung cp cho Nh my in Ph M 2.1. Mc d vic t lc trin khai cng trnh cn c nhng bc i chp chng, nhng cc cng trnh ny u thc hin vi tng chi ph u t hn tng d ton c duyt nh cng trnh 2 triu m3 kh/ngy m (tng chi ph 252.540.643.377 ng so vi tng d ton: 258.729.004.109 ng); cng trnh 3 triu m3 kh/ngy m (tng chi ph 49.784.451.361 ng so vi tng d ton 58.832.742.301 ng)1. V iu quan trng nht l cung cp kh ng hnh t m Bch H y v kp thi cho cc nh my in B Ra v Ph M 2.1 vi tng cng sut gn 900 MW. 2.7. V gin nn kh trung tm, m Bch H Gii php dng p sut va v s dng gin nn nh a kh vo b l cc gii php tm thi vi sn lng kh cung cp c hn. Gii php chnh theo thit k tng th l xy dng gin nn kh trung tm ti m Bch H, va nn kh vn chuyn vo b, va nn kh cho khai thc du theo phng php gaslift. Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam giao cho X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro trc tip qun l thc hin D n v vn hnh (sau ny) trn c s thit k tng th ca SNC-Lavalin. Gin nn kh trung tm c 5 t my nn kh vi tng cng sut 8,1 t m3 kh/nm, tng d ton cng trnh l 152 triu USD. Cng trnh c thc hin theo hnh thc u thu EPC quc t; trng thu EPC l T hp nh thu Bouygues Offshore (Php) v Samsung Heavy Industries (Hn Quc), Nh thu t vn Fluor Daniel (M) v nh gim nh Lloyds Register (Anh). Sau 2 nm xy dng, thng 8-1997 cng trnh gin nn kh trung tm ti m Bch H chnh thc i vo hot ng gp phn a h thng kh Bch H t cng sut thit k 4,2 triu m3 kh/ngy m.
1. Cc quyt nh s 7060/Q-DKVN v 7062/Q-DKVN ngy 22-11-2007 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tp on Du kh Vit Nam.
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Mc d Dresser Rand (M) l cng ty ch to my nn hng u th gii, nhng khi xy dng gin nn kh trung tm xy ra s c l trc ca mt my nn kh b rn nt. Pha Vit Nam c mt on chuyn gia bao gm i din Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh, B Xy dng... sang lm vic ti nh my, cng vi T vn Flour Daniel, Gim nh Lloyds Register gim st vic ch to, yu cu phi dng Phng th nghim c lp gim nh cht lng vt liu ch to trc my nn. Kt qu xc nh c sai st trong khu ch to trc my nn nh my v nh thu c trch nhim khc phc hu qu. Khi gin nn kh trung tm vi cng sut y 4 triu m3 kh/ngy m vo b hot ng, trnh dng kh t b quay tr li c th ph hu cc gin nn kh v khai thc du kh ti m Bch H (y chnh l nguyn nhn ph hu gin khai thc Alpha ca Anh ti Bin Bc) th vn lp t van mt chiu u ng ng gn gin nng (riser platform) l rt cn thit. Tuy nhin, vic t van mt chiu l rt phc tp. Trong thit k tng th ca SNC-Lavalin khng c van mt chiu (yu cu ny ch c t ra sau khi xy ra s c Alpha Bin Bc). Thit b phi t mua ti M, do bo qun cha tt nn phi sa cha. Thi gian lp t b thc p, ph thuc vo thi tit (phi trnh ma bin ng), nh thu lp t Haliburton (M) i gi cao (3 triu USD) v phi vo thng 3-1999 mi thi cng. Thng 9-1998, nu khng c van mt chiu, Lloyds Register khng cp chng ch, s khng mua c bo him quc t. Lnh o Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam giao trch nhim cho ng Bi Th Mnh, Ph Gim c Cng ty Petechim, tm kim nh thu lp t khc, l Cng ty Gulmar (Php). Cng ty ny t gi r hn, nhng iu quan trng hn l h ng lp t trc thng 9-1998. Rt nhiu tranh ci, ngi phn i, ngi tn thnh. Khng th chm tr c na, lnh o Tng cng ty quyt nh: ai phn i th ng ra ngoi, Tng cng ty giao cho ng Mnh cng vi Cng ty Gulmar v ng Nguyn Trng Nhng, Gim c Cng ty Thit k v Xy dng du kh, phi hp vi X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro tin hnh lp t vo thng 7, thng 8-1998. Mc d c gp nhiu kh khn (ch to skid, v.v.), nhng vic lp t van mt chiu hon thnh trc thng 9-1998.
Sau hn 10 nm hot ng (1998-2010), gin nn kh trung tm vn c ghi nhn l mt gin c kt cu gn, p; dng tu cu Herremac ch bng mt ln nng (single lift) a c phn trn ca gin t chnh xc ln chn gin; vn hnh an ton, ng cng sut thit k. Gi tr quyt ton l 140 triu USD.
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2.8. V D n xy dng Nh my x l kh Dinh C, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu Nh my kh ha lng (LPG) u tin ca Vit Nam c khi cng xy dng vo ngy 4-10-1997. Trng ban Qun l d n kh l ng Trn Vn Thc, hai Ph Trng ban l ng Khang Ninh v ng Nguyn Tn Yn. Hp ng k ngy 4-9-1997 vi n v thng thu l T hp Samsung Engineering Company Ltd. (Hn Quc) cng vi Cng ty NKK (Nht Bn) v t vn l Cng ty Brown and Roots, theo phng thc trn gi EPCC bao gm: thit k, mua sm, thi cng, lp t v chy th, nghim thu theo ng tiu chun quc t v cc quy nh ca Nh nc Vit Nam v xy dng, an ton mi sinh, mi trng, an ton phng chy, cha chy. Ton b Nh my LPG v h thng thu truyn d liu c iu khin t ng vi tng s vn u t l 79 triu USD, xy dng ti Dinh C, x An Ngi, huyn Long in, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu vi din tch 89.600 m2. Nh my c thit k vi cng sut 1,5 t m3 kh/nm v c 3 giai on vn hnh theo ch nhm p ng tin cung cp sn phm:
L k hp ng EPCC Nh my x l kh Dinh C gia Cng ty Petechim v T hp Samsung Engineering Company Ltd. (Hn Quc) v NKK (Nht Bn) ti H Ni (ngy 4-9-1997)
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- Giai on thit b cc ti thiu (AMF), ch sn xut condensat n nh vi cng sut 342 tn/ngy v 3,8 triu m3 kh/ngy; i vo hot ng trong thng 10-1998. - Giai on thit b ti thiu (MF), sn xut condensat n nh vi cng sut 380 tn/ngy, hn hp butan-propan vi cng sut 629 tn/ngy v 3,5 triu m3 kh kh/ngy; i vo hot ng trong thng 12-1998. - Giai on nh my hon chnh (GPP), sn xut condensat n nh, butan v propan c tch c lp v kh kh. Giai on hon chnh vi cng sut kh u vo l 1,5 t m3 kh/nm, thu hi propan: 537 tn/ngy; butan: 417 tn/ngy; condensat: 402 tn/ngy v kh kh: 3,34 triu m3 kh/ngy. Giai on ny s dng cng ngh Turbo-Expander vi kh nng thu hi sn phm lng cao. Ngy 12-12-1998, Nh my x l kh Dinh C cung cp 200 tn kh ha lng u tin cho hai khch hng l VT Gas v Saigonpetro. Ngy 8-5-1999, 1.750 tn LPG ca Nh my x l kh Dinh C c mt trn th trng nc ngoi. Ngy 9-7-1999, Nh my x l kh Dinh C c khnh thnh di s chng kin ca Ph Th tng Chnh ph Ng Xun Lc v i s Hn Quc ti Vit Nam, cng i din cc b, ban, ngnh trung ng v a phng, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam Trc , ngy 3-7-1999, Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc nghim thu, cho php a nh my vo s dng. Gi tr quyt ton l 79 triu USD, thp hn d ton trong Lun chng kh thi. Nhn li qu trnh thc hin D n c th thy, c l trn th gii khng c nc no xy dng Nh my x l kh li chia thnh 3 giai on: AMF, MF, GPP nh Vit Nam, m vn em li hiu qu tt. Khi , do khng chn c nh thu xy dng cng trnh trn b (bao gm nh my x l kh c trong v ngoi hng ro) ng tin nh Tng cng ty t ra, nn cng trnh trn b c chia thnh hai gi: gi 1- Nh my x l kh Dinh C v gi 2- ng ng, kho cha, cng Th Vi. Khi trin khai gi 1, Tng cng ty giao cho Trng phng Vn chuyn, x l v phn phi kh Nguyn Trng Hnh lm vic vi cc chuyn gia ca Cng ty Enron1 ra mc tiu phi khai thc c ngay cc sn phm tch t kh ng hnh theo cc bc xy dng cng trnh, tc l u tin thu hi ngay condensat (AMF), sau l condensat cng vi butan-propan; khi hon chnh nh my cc sn phm s l condensat, propan v butan.
1. Cng ty Enron (M) khi rt mun lin doanh vi Petrovietnam u t xy dng Nh my x l kh Dinh C.
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Ton cnh Nh my x l kh Dinh C, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu
2.9. V D n xy dng ng ng, kho cha v cng Th Vi H thng kho cng Th Vi gm 3 ng ng sn phm t Dinh C n Th Vi, kho cha LPG 33 bn, 2 b cha condensat v hai cu cng: s 1 (20.000 tn) v s 2 (2.000 tn), v c xy dng theo 3 bc p ng tin xy dng ca Nh my x l kh Dinh C: - Giai on I (AMF): hon thnh b cha condensat, sc cha 5.000-7.000 tn. - Giai on II (MF): hon thnh 16 bn cha LPG vi sc cha 463 m3/bn (250 tn/bn) v cu cng xut s 1. - Giai on III (GPP): hon thnh 17 bn cha LPG cn li v cu cng s 2. Ch u t cng trnh l Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, i din Ch u t l Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh (PVGC). Trng ban Qun l cng trnh l Gim c Cng ty PVGC (lc u l ng Nguyn Quang Hp, t nm 1998 l ng V nh Chin). Ph Trng ban Thng trc Ban Qun l cng trnh l ng B Vn T, Ph Gim c Cng ty PVGC. Tng thu c ch nh
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l Cng ty Thit k v Xy dng du kh (PVECC) ng thi l Nh thu thit k; cc nh thu ph l Triune Project Private Limited (n ) v Cng ty T vn u t v Xy dng du kh - PVICCC (Vit Nam). T vn gim st ton b cng trnh l Brown & Roots Energy Service (M). Gim st h thng phng chy, cha chy cng trnh l Trung tm Nghin cu sn xut ng dng khoa hc k thut phng chy, cha chy. C quan ng kim v kim nh quc t l Lloyds Register (Anh). Thng 9-1997, hp ng EPC gi 2 c k gia i din Ch u t l Cng ty PVGC v Tng thu l Cng ty PVECC vi thi hn hon thnh ton b cng trnh cng vo thng 5-1999 ph hp vi tin gi 1. Cng trnh c khi cng ngy 4-10-1997 v hon thnh ngy 15-4-2001. Cc hng mc cng trnh ch yu nh cc bn cha LPG, condensat, nc cu ha, mng cu cng v tng nh, v.v. c thc hin theo ng thit k v t cht lng tt. Trong qu trnh thi cng pht hin c hin tng ln nn ti mt s hng mc cng trnh ph tr, nh mng cng ngh, nn nh phng iu khin, v.v.. Mc d ch u t v cc n v thi cng b sung thit k v thc hin cc cng tc x l theo thit k c duyt, nhng ko di thi gian thi cng v lm chm tin cng trnh so vi k hoch c duyt. Hin tng ln nn ti cng trnh c B Xy dng xc nh, khch quan l do iu kin a cht cng trnh v thy vn qu phc tp; ch quan l do c Ch u t v Nh thu EPC cha c kinh nghim trong vic p dng gii php mng nng trc p lc qu ln v tin v vn u t cho cng trnh. y cng l mt trong nhng l do dn n s can thip ca Thanh tra Nh nc v C quan iu tra B Cng an1 vo nhng nm 2003-2006.
B Xy dng kt lun ngy 20-10-20022, v nguyn nhn gy ln v cc s c khc lm nh hng ti cht lng cng trnh nh sau: a) Nguyn nhn khch quan: Cng trnh kho - cng Th Vi nm trn khu vc c a cht phc tp, nn t yu v cha n nh. Mt khc, ln u tin chng ta t thc hin thit k v t chc thi cng xy lp mt cng trnh c cng ngh ht sc phc tp vi nhiu hng mc cng trnh ca dy chuyn cng ngh lin hon, li dng cc gii php mng khc nhau c gi thnh thp dn n vic la chn gii php thit k, thi cng x l nn, mng khng ph hp. b) Nguyn nhn ch quan: Nguyn nhn
1. Sau khi c quyt nh khi t V n v khi t b can, mt s cn b qun l ch cht tham gia d n b giam gi nhiu ngy. 2. Cng vn s 1725/BXD-G ngy 20-10-2002 ca B Xy dng do Th trng, Ph Gio s - Tin s khoa hc Nguyn Vn Lin k gi ng ch Ch nhim U ban Kim tra Trung ng bo co v nguyn nhn gy ln ti cng trnh ng ng - kho - cng Th Vi (Du kh).
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ch quan u tin phi k n l nng lc ca n v thit k c s nc ngoi yu, cha c kinh nghim thc t Vit Nam, cn n v thit k chi tit, tng thu xy lp cng cc nh thu khc trong nc nng lc chuyn mn v nng lc t chc thc hin d n khng tng xng vi nhim v c giao. Sai st th hin r nht l vic chn gii php thit k mng nng cho cc hng mc ph tr v gi h thng ng cng ngh nm trn nn t p cha n nh l cha hp l. Trong khi , vic thi cng chy theo tin nn nhiu phn nn x l cha iu kin c kt thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh nn gy nhng s c cho cc b phn cng trnh nh nt tng, ln nn, ng b treo ngay trong qu trnh thi cng. Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam t nhn xt, nh gi v cht lng Cng trnh ng ng - kho - cng LPG Th Vi (sau 5 nm vn hnh) ngy 10-8-20061, nh sau: T ngy Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc k vn bn nghim thu (ngy 7-8-2001) cho php a cng trnh vo hot ng n nay, cng trnh vn hot ng an ton, cha c s c ln no gy gin on sn xut v l do cht lng cng trnh. Sau khi thay th mt s van khng bo m, h thng van hot ng tng i n nh. Mt vi li nh van ng m khng kn, mt s li nh trong h thng iu khin, h thng bo kh v bo nhit c khc phc v khng nh hng n cng tc vn hnh cng nh an ton ca c h thng. Cc thit b chnh nh my bm sn phm, my nn LPG hot ng n nh bo m thi gian v lu lng sn phm theo yu cu. Cc bin php sa i thit k i vi cc tn ti, thiu st ang c PV Gas nghin cu, ci tin hon thin hn. Vic x l ln hon tt cho hai hng mc quan trng l nh iu khin v nh thit b in (chi ph x l ln mt khong 6 t ng so vi kinh ph d kin cho vic x l ln khong 60 t ng). Quan trc ln v ang tin hnh cho thy mc ln hin ti ca cng trnh l nh v nm trong gii hn cho php. Tc ln hin nay tip tc c chiu hng gim. B trng B Cng nghip, tha y quyn Th tng Chnh ph, bo co Quc hi kha XI, k hp th 11 (nm 2007), nh sau: D n kho cng Th Vi vi tng vn u t l 64 triu USD c bn hon vn v mang li li nhun sau thu trung bnh l 330-400 t ng/nm, np ngn sch nh nc khong 320 t ng/nm... Thng qua vic thc hin d n ny, mc tiu tn thu ngun kh ng hnh t m Bch H phc v cho vic pht trin ngun in, phn bn, ha cht t c... Bn cnh cc li ch v kinh t nu trn, d n H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c ni chung v cng trnh kho cng Th Vi ni ring gp phn gim bt mt phn ngoi t ng k cho vic nhp khu du DO, xng, phn bn v LPG hng nm. Ngy 13-12-2010, C quan An ninh - iu tra, B Cng an ra quyt nh nh ch iu tra.
1. Cng vn s 4181/DKVN-TTBV ngy 10-8-2006 v vic Gii trnh v ngh i vi v n ng ng - kho - cng LPG Th Vi.
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Tuy H thng ng ng, kho cha v cng Th Vi b chm tin nhng s chm tr khng nh hng n hot ng ca Nh my x l kh Dinh C v vic tip nhn, tng tr v xut bn sn phm lng c thc hin bng phng n tm thi thay th cho kho cha v cng Th Vi.
Cu hnh ca phng n tm v qu trnh thc hin Trong qu trnh trin khai hp ng EPC gi 2 Tng thu khng kim sot c tin tng hng mc; vo thng 7-1998 mi hon thnh cng tc san lp v ang thi cng o ho v ri ng cho tuyn ng 24 km Dinh C - Th Vi; cc cng vic khc nh thit k, mua sm vt t, thit b b chm; kh nng hon thnh ton b cng trnh vo thng 5-1999 l khng hin thc. Nu gi 2 chm so vi gi 1 th Nh my x l kh Dinh C khng chy th c v khng c ch cha LPG sn xut ra trong qu trnh chy th. Do , ch cn mt cch l tm phng n tm cha v xut LPG thay th cho gi 2, bo m cho gi 1 chy th ng tin vo thng 5-1999. Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh bt u nghin cu 4 phng n tm t thng 8-1998 khi du hiu chm tr ca gi 2 r rng; mi phng n c mc u t, ri ro v hiu qu khc nhau. Sau khi cn nhc mi kha cnh, phng n c hiu qu cao nht c la chn vi ni dung tm tt nh sau: Thu mt tu vn chuyn LPG c dung tch ln, neo trn sng Th Vi, va lm kho cha ni, va lm cng xut theo hnh thc cp mn, thay cho kho v cng Th Vi; Thu cc tu vn chuyn LPG c nh cp mn tu ln, nhn LPG v vn chuyn n kho ca khch hng; s lng tu vn chuyn phi ln kp thi gii phng LPG sn xut ra ti Nh my Dinh C. Phng n c la chn bao gm nhng hng mc chnh sau y: Lp t ng ng thp tm 6 di 700 m, bt u t cui tuyn 3 ng ng Dinh C - Th Vi c sn, vng qua kho cng chy ti mp sng Th Vi; Lp t ng ng mm 6 ni t cui ng ng thp ni trn ra tu kho ni v ng ng mm 3 cho hi hi t tu kho ni v h thng uc tm thi trn b; Lp t h thng uc tm thi trn b x l lng hi khng ngng t c trong qu trnh bm LPG xung tu kho ni; Lp t cc h thng ph tr tm thi: m va, in, phng chy, cha chy v phao tiu bo hiu hng hi; Thu tu kho ni sc cha 6.500 m3, m va v cc ng mm, va lm kho cha va lm cng xut LPG xung cc tu vn chuyn; Thu cc tu vn chuyn LPG.
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Ngy 16-1-1999, Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh trnh Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam phng n tm ni trn. Ti cuc hp ngy 261-1999, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam chp thun phng n tm v ng phng thc giao thu trn gi, theo ngh ca Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh, cho Cng ty Dch v k thut du kh (PTSC) cung cp dch v trong thi gian 5 thng, t thng 5-1999 n ht thng 9-1999. Sau 2 thng xy dng, phng n tm c hon thnh v a vo chy th, nghim thu ngy 1-5-1999, kp thi phc v Nh my x l kh Dinh C chy th ng hn v a vo vn hnh ng cng sut.
Theo d kin ban u phng n tm s hot ng trong vng 5 thng, nhng thc t phng n hot ng lin tc trong 2 nm v kho cha v cng Th Vi tip tc b chm. S ra i ca phng n tm khc phc c s chm tin ca kho cha v cng Th Vi. Trong hai nm hot ng t thng 5-1999 n thng 5-2001 phng n tm tip nhn v xut 332.000 tn LPG, tng ng vi doanh thu 111 triu la M, p ng c cc yu cu v sc cha, cng xut thay th cho kho cha v cng Th Vi, bo m tiu th ht sn lng LPG do Nh my x l kh Dinh C sn xut v mang li hiu qu kinh t cao. Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc cng trnh kh1, hp phin ton th ngy 4-8-2001, vn bn nghim thu v cho php a cng trnh ng ng, kho cha v cng LPG Th Vi vo hot ng c k ngy 7-8-2001. Cng trnh c chi ph u t c quyt ton2 l 834.816.499.327 ng, thp hn d ton c duyt l 990.741.484.898 ng.
n nm 2010, sau gn 10 nm vn hnh sn xut, thu hi ht ton b chi ph u t cng trnh. c bit l trong qu trnh vn hnh cha xy ra bt k s c nghim trng no lm nh tr sn xut.
2.10. V D n xy dng ng ng dn kh Rng ng - Bch H Nm 2000, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam giao cho Cng ty Kh thc hin nhim v thu gom v vn chuyn vo b kh ng hnh khai thc t m Rng ng. Cng ty Kh lp v phi hp vi Nh thu JVPC, X nghip Lin doanh
1. c thnh lp theo Quyt nh s 342/TTg ngy 4-7-1994 ca Th tng Chnh ph. 2. Quyt nh s 9851/Q-DKVN ngy 31-12-2008 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tp on Du kh Vit Nam v vic Ph duyt quyt ton vn u t cng trnh hon thnh ng ng, kho cha v cng xut LPG.
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Vietsovpetro v Cng ty PTSC thc hin thnh cng cc d n ng ng Rng ng - Bch H v Trm nn tng p ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C. Hai d n trn c hon thnh vo nm 2001, to iu kin b sung thm 1 triu m3/ngy kh ng hnh cho H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c; nng kh nng cp kh ca H thng ny ln 5,7 triu m3/ngy, mang li hiu qu kinh t cao.
3. Hot ng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l v phn phi kh Nam Cn Sn

3.1. D n kh Nam Cn Sn - D n trng im nh nc Cm m kh Lan Ty - Lan do T hp nh thu BP-Statoil-ONGC pht hin nm 1993 v tuyn b thng mi vo ngy 16-3-1998. Ph hp vi ch trng ca Chnh ph, kh khai thc t m Lan Ty v Lan l 06-1 c s dng cho tiu th ni a. Tuy nhin, khc vi cc d n khai thc du th, d n khai thc kh ch c trin khai khi c cam kt bao tiu ca khch hng, vi gi kh hp l v c c s h tng tng ng. Trong khi , vo nm 1996-1997 do th trng tiu th kh Vit Nam cha pht trin, ng ng dn kh v c s h tng cn thit cho pht trin cm m kh Lan Ty Lan cha c xy dng, nn c th khai thc, vn chuyn vo b v tiu th c ngun kh cc m thuc l 06-1, b Nam Cn Sn, cc bn lin quan phi gii quyt ng b cc d n thnh phn, gm: a) Pht trin m Lan Ty v Lan . Vic pht trin m s do T hp nh thu PSC l 06-1 thc hin bt u i vi m Lan Ty, s dng cc ging khai thc ngm di bin ni vi gin nn v x l kh thng qua mng ng ng trc khi c a vo h thng ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn. b) Xy dng h thng ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn, bao gm ng ng ngoi bin t m Lan Ty vo b, nh my tch condensat v ng ng kh trn t lin n Khu cng nghip Ph M. D n ny s do cc i tc tham gia lin doanh u t ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn thc hin. c) Trm phn phi kh Ph M. D n ny do Petrovietnam/PVGC thc hin. d) Xy dng cc nh my in chy kh Khu cng nghip Ph M. Cc nh my in ny s do EVN v cc nh u t trong lnh vc sn xut in thc hin.
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Tr vn u t cho vic xy dng cc nh my in chy kh, tng s vn u t ban u (giai on I) cho ton b D n kh Nam Cn Sn (NCS), gm pht trin m Lan Ty, xy dng h thng ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn khong 1 t USD. y l mt trong nhng d n c vn u t nc ngoi ln nht Vit Nam cho n u th k XXI; ng thi l D n then cht ca cm d n trng im quc gia kh - in - m B Ra - Vng Tu c Quc hi nc Cng ha x hi ch nghaVit Nam, kha X, thng qua thng 10-1997. 3.2. Qu trnh m phn v k kt cc vn bn tha thun lin quan n D n kh Nam Cn Sn trin khai D n kh Nam Cn Sn, tin hnh pht trin cm m kh Lan Ty v Lan , bn cnh vic m phn k kt Tha thun b sung (SA) hp ng PSC l 06-1, cc bn tin hnh m phn cc vn bn php l c lin quan, nh: a) nh th (Letter of Intent-LOI), ghi nhn cam kt ban u ca cc bn lin quan (Nh thu, Petrovietnam, EVN) cng nhau nghin cu th trng tiu th kh v xy dng tin pht trin D n kh m Lan Ty, Lan . b) Hp ng mua bn kh (GSPA) gia cc bn Nh thu PSC l 06-1 (ch kh) v Tng thu mua kh Nam Cn Sn (Petrovietnam). c) Hp ng hp tc kinh doanh (BCC) u t xy dng v vn hnh ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn; v Hp ng EPC xy dng ng ng dn kh Lan Ty v Lan vo b. d) Hp ng vn chuyn kh (TA) gia T hp u t ng ng v T hp nh thu PSC l 06-1 (ch kh). ) Hp ng bn kh cho cc h tiu th chnh (GSA) gia Petrovietnam v EVN v cc ch u t Nh my in Ph M 3 (BP-Anh) v Nh my in Ph M 2.2 (EDF-Php). Gi kh bn cho h tiu th tr i ph vn chuyn s l gi kh u ging. e) Tha thun v Bo lnh ca Chnh ph (GGU). Nhng ni dung c bn ca GGU l quy nh vic chuyn i ngoi t, vic thanh ton ng hn, iu khon tr tin, ly kh theo khi lng cam kt (Take or Pay), vic m ti khon nc ngoi ca cc i tc, v.v. l nhng vn vt ra ngoi quy nh hin hnh.
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Sau khi nh th c Petrovietnam k gi cc bn i tc k ngy 2-5-1997, cc vng m phn lin quan n nhng vn bn tha thun khc c cc bn tch cc trin khai.
Chuyn vin Ban Kh Tp on Du kh Vit Nam Dng Th Nga k rng: nh th (LOI) ch do Petrovietnam (ng Hip) k gi cc i tc, v khi Petrovietnam mun ng k mua kh cho sn xut m, tnh ra cng sut ti a/ ngy (MDCQ) l 10,078 triu m3, nhng cc i tc mun gim swing v MDCQ ch cn 8,5 triu m3/ngy, nn h khng chu k vo LOI.... Ngy 25-4-1998, BP thuyt phc Petrovietnam v EVN k Bin bn chp nhn MDCQ l 8,5 triu m3/ ngy, swing 15%... Vi s tch cc u tranh ca Petrovietnam v EVN cng vi s h tr ca t vn Petroleum Development Consultant (PDC) do Ngn hng Th gii (WB) chi tin cho Petrovietnam thu, mi n ngy 17-8-1999 trong Record Note, BP mi chu chp nhn tng MDCQ ln 10,078 triu m3/ngy... v swing 33,6%.
3.2.1. Tha thun b sung (SA) hp ng PSC l 06-1 Hp ng PSC l 06-1 tuy cha quy nh c th cho vic pht trin m kh nhng c xc nh, ti iu XV.5: Nu pht hin c m kh thin nhin khng ng hnh c th pht trin v khai thc thng mi th trc khi tin hnh mi cng vic thm lng tip theo, Nh thu trnh mt n cho Petrovietnam tho lun v cng tha thun trn tinh thn trung thc v thin ch nhng im sau y: thi hn ca Hp ng; s tham gia ca Petrovietnam; phn kh c dnh thu hi chi ph; phn kh cn li chia gia Nh thu v Petrovietnam; xc nh gi i vi kh ti u ging; v cc iu kin v quy nh tng ng khc. Cc Bn lin quan tha thun s gii quyt cc vn trn y thng qua vic k kt Tha thun b sung ca hp ng PSC l 06-1. Tuy nhin, vic m phn Tha thun b sung khng h n gin. Trc tin cc bn: Petrovietnam, ONGC, BP/Statoil thng nht thi hn hp ng l 30 nm, c th gia hn 5 nm v c th xem xt gia hn tip nu vn cn kh nng sn xut thng mi. V t l thu hi chi ph c thng nht ti a l 50% sn lng khai thc hng nm. Vic xc nh t l chia kh li gia Petrovietnam/Nh thu ph thuc vo sn lng v gi kh quy i v ngy 1-1-1996. Kh li l phn kh cn li ca sn lng kh t nhin trong mi nm ti chnh sau khi tr i phn kh thu hi chi ph. Kh li c chia gia Petrovietnam v Nh thu (bao gm BP/Statoil, ONGC v Petrovietnam tham gia vi t cch l Bn nh thu) da trn c s tng sn
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lng kh ti im giao kh (l u vo ca ng ng ngoi bin t l 06-1), theo thang n chia ly tin tng phn. Ty thuc vo lng kh giao nhn thc t hng nm (theo cc mc t 1,3 t n trn 3 t m3), phn kh li chia cho Petrovietnam hng nm thay i tng ng (theo cc mc t 50% n 70%). Ngy 17-12-1996, cc ng Ph Tng Gim c Trn Ngc Cnh thay mt Petrovietnam; Gim c G.S. Pundeer thay mt ONGC Videsh; Ph Tng Gim c Tore Sund thay mt Statoil; v Gim c h tr kinh doanh I.C. Dawson thay mt BP Exploration Operating Company Ltd. k Tha thun cc iu khon thng mi c bn l 06-1: Cc iu khon PSC theo iu XV.5. Do t l tham gia hp ng ca Petrovietnam vi t cch l Nh u t (Partner), cha c quy nh trong Hp ng PSC k vi ONGC ngy 19-5-1988. Thc hin ch trng ca Chnh ph, ngay t nm 1992 khi ONGC chuyn nhng 45% cho BP/Statoil, Petrovietnam yu cu BP/Statoil li cho Petrovietnam 5% c phn tham gia vo d n vi l do Hp ng PSC k vi ONGC l u i c bit, khng dnh cho BP/Statoil. Sau ny, sut thi gian m phn Tha thun b sung hp ng PSC l 06-1, Petrovietnam lun yu cu ONGC, BP/Statoil chuyn nhng thm 15% cho Petrovietnam nhng rt kh khn. Petrovietnam phi nh B Ngoi giao Vit Nam tc ng vi Chnh ph n , cui cng ONGC chuyn nhng 10% c phn ca d n cho Petrovietnam. Kt qu l trong PSC l 06-1, ln u tin Petrovietnam c 15% tham gia, ONGC (n ) 45% v BP/Statoil 40%. Tuy Petrovietnam t c tha thun vi BP/Statoil, ONGC trong mt s vn nu trn, song gi kh, cc ph v cc yu sch ca T hp nh thu v bo lnh ca Chnh ph cha x l c. Thc hin ch o ca Chnh ph, ngy 15-7-1996 Th trng B K hoch v u t Trn Xun Gi gp nhm i tc BP/Statoil thng bo kin ca Chnh ph Vit Nam rng ta thay i iu kin chia phn kh li v Chnh ph giao cho Petrovietnam quyn mua v bn kh. Sau , ngy 23-7-1996 Ph Tng Gim c Trn Ngc Cnh thay mt lnh o Petrovietnam gp lnh o BP/ Statoil lm r thm lp trng ca Pha Vit Nam v nhn mnh phi tm gii php bo m mc tiu cui nm 1998 c kh vo b phc v cho Nh my in Ph M. Nhng thng tin ny lm cho T hp nh thu bt ng v h cho rng cn c thi gian suy ngh. Tuy nhin, nh thu cng cnh bo rng vic xem xt nhng xut mi ca Pha Vit Nam c th nh hng n mc tiu a kh vo b vo cui nm 1998.
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Sau 3 nm tch cc m phn (1996-1998), cc vn lin quan trong hp ng mua bn kh ca m vn cha kt thc, c bit l vn v gi kh. Theo quy nh ca PSC sau 10 nm thc hin hp ng m khng c tuyn b thng mi th hp ng s chm dt. Vi tinh thn ny, nh thu v Petrovietnam u tnh hung lng nan. Ngy 16-3-1998, nh thu tuyn b thng mi pht hin kh Lan Ty, Lan ph hp vi iu IX.1 v IX.2 ca hp ng PSC l 06-1. Tuy nhin, nh ngha v pht hin thng mi trong hp ng cng ch l khi nim chung chung, nh tnh: Tr lng du kh c pht hin trn mt hoc nhiu cu to c trin vng bi cc hot ng tm kim, thm d m khi c khai thc, phn du kh chia cho nh thu hon tr vn tm kim, thm d, pht trin v khai thc cng thm mt s li hp l trn s vn do nh thu u t vo n. iu IV.4 ca PSC quy nh vo cui nm th 10 ca hp ng k t ngy hiu lc, nh thu ch c gi li nhng din tch khai thc. Mt khc, din tch khai thc l mt phn ca din tch hp ng m t du kh c khai thc vi nhng khi lng thng mi v nhng din tch c xc nh khi ph chun k hoch pht trin m. y l ln u tin Petrovietnam gp phi tnh hung qu trng, con g nh th ny. V ni ti m thng mi tc l phi nh gi c hiu qu u t v lm vic ny th phi c yu t u vo v u ra, y chnh l gi mua bn v vn chuyn kh. V khng c yu t cnh tranh so snh nh du th, kh c tiu th gn nh 100% (tr condensat c th xut khu) th trng ni a. V vy, nh thu lo ngi nht chnh l s can thip qua chnh sch v thu v gi ca Chnh ph. Cho n ngy 15-5-1998 cc Bn vn cha tha thun c cc iu khon v gi kh theo iu XV.5 (e), (f) ca Hp ng. V vy, mc d nh thu np K hoch pht trin m ngy 16-3-1998 cho y ban Qun l, nhng cha iu kin y ban Qun l xem xt ph duyt. Ngc li, hp ng PSC l 06-1 cng khng quy nh l nh thu khng c quyn lp v trnh K hoch pht trin m trc khi m phn xong iu XV.5. Petrovietnam nu kin, cho rng: n ngy 18-5-1998 l trn 10 nm hp ng, nu Petrovietnam v nh thu khng th thng nht c gi kh cng nh cc iu kin lin quan lm c s cho vic xem xt v ph duyt K hoch pht trin m th s khng xc nh c ci gi l Din tch khai thc; PSC s khng
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c khu vc hot ng v hp ng s chm dt theo iu IV.4. V pha nh thu, h cho rng trnh K hoch pht trin m vo ngy 16-3-1998 v theo quy nh ca hp ng, sau 60 ngy (n ngy 16-5-1998) d Petrovietnam c phn i k hoch th vn coi nh l c ph duyt. Kt qu l c din tch khai thc v PSC vn c tip tc. Ngy 4-6-1998, Ph Tng Gim c Tng cng ty Trn Ngc Cnh, ch ng gp BP nu r quan im: Petrovietnam vn gi quan im l Tuyn b thng mi ca nh thu khng ng th tc quy nh bi PSC, v vy K hoch pht trin m (FDP) vn cha c duyt. Song, Petrovietnam tm thi treo vn ny h tr nh thu tip tc trin khai d n. Petrovietnam ng tip tc m phn k sm Tha thun b sung nh thu c c s thc hin k hoch pht trin m. Petrovietnam ng cng nh thu bn gp tha thun bn kh v tm ngun ti chnh cho phn tham gia ca Petrovietnam trong n. Petrovietnam ng tham gia 15% vo n t thi im FDP c c quan c thm quyn ca Vit Nam ph duyt. ngh nh thu thng bo sm % tham gia t cc thnh vin nh thu v chun b m phn vi Petrovietnam tha thun iu hnh chung (JOA). Nu nh thu cho rng cc iu kin thng mi v iu khon bo lnh ca Chnh ph cha c tha mn th lm vic vi B K hoch v u t, song khng lm chm tr K hoch pht trin m Lan Ty, Lan Petrovietnam c th mua kh vo qu IV-2000. Sau gn 2 nm tip tc m phn, cui cng cc Bn cng t c tha thun chung v D tho Tha thun b sung hp ng PSC l 06-1 c trnh ln Th tng Chnh ph. Ngy 6-4-2000, Th tng Chnh ph ng vi ni dung c bn ca Tha thun b sung v cc iu khon chia kh li, t l thu hi chi ph, thi hn hp ng v t l tham gia ca Petrovietnam1. Ngy 11-10-2000, Tha thun b sung hp ng PSC l 06-1 gia Petrovietnam v T hp cng ty ONGC Videsh Ltd., BP Exploration Operating Company Ltd. v Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S. c k kt sau khi c s ng ca Th tng Chnh ph: cho php Petrovietnam k Tha thun b sung Hp ng PSC l 06-1 vi T hp cc nh thu BP/Statoil/ONGC nh ni dung ch o ti mc 1 Cng vn s 1262/VPCP-DK, ngy 6-4-2000 v cc iu kin sa i nh ngh ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ti Cng vn s 2398/DKHQT, ngy 27-7-20002.
1. Cng vn s 1262/VPCP-DK ngy 6-4-2000 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 2. Cng vn s 4176/VPCP-DK ngy 2-10-2000 ca Vn phng Chnh ph.
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3.2.2. Hp ng mua bn kh l 06-1 (GSPA) Trong vic m phn hp ng GSPA, nhng vng mc ln nht cn phi gii quyt chnh l gi kh v khi lng kh cam kt bao tiu (take or pay). V gi kh: Vic xy dng cng thc tnh v xc nh gi kh cho c i d n (20 nm) l vic ht sc phc tp. Gi kh xc nh nh th no hiu qu ca d n pht trin m c bo m, l nhn t quan trng cho cc quyt nh u t ca cc nh thu l 06-1; ng thi gi kh cng l nhn t u vo cho sn xut in, lm sao c c mc gi hp l khng gy bin ng ln cho gi in trn c s so snh vi cc loi nhin liu thay th khc nh thy in, than, du DO, du FO y tht s l bi ton hc ba i vi tt c cc bn, c bit l Petrovietnam trong vai tr l ngi i din cho quyn li ca nc ch nh. Trong bi cnh th trng du th th gii suy gim, gi du nm 1998 c lc xung n di 10 USD/thng, la chn phng n ti u Petrovietnam nghin cu cc phng n khc nhau v gi kh nh bin ng theo gi du FO, DO, theo ch s gi tiu dng CPI Sau nhiu vng m phn 3 bn gm nh thu l 06-1, Petrovietnam v EVN cng vi s tham gia thm nh, nh gi ca cc b, ngnh nh B K hoch v u t, B Cng nghip, B Ti chnh, gi kh l 06-1 (1,88 USD/MMBTU) v cc ph vn chuyn (0,85 USD/MMBTU) cng cng thc gi kh trt theo t l tng 2%/nm c xc nh v c cc bn lin quan thng nht trong Bin bn ghi nh (Minute of UnderstandingMOU) k ngy 29-4-1999. Theo Bin bn ghi nh, gi kh 1,88 USD/MMBTU v t l tng 2%/nm c xc nh c hiu lc t ngy 1-4-1999. Mc d th trng du kh trong thp k u ca th k XXI bin ng mnh, gi du th th gii c lc ln xp x 150 USD/thng (tng ng vi gi kh l khong 8 USD/MMBTU), gi kh m cc h tiu th Khu cng nghip kh - in - m Ph M mua t l 06-1 vn c bo m mc hn 3 USD/MMBTU. Khi lng kh cam kt bao tiu (take or pay): l vn phc tp th hai. Hp ng mua bn kh t l 06-1 (GSPA) l hp ng mua kh t m Lan Ty v Lan vi thi gian cung cp 20 nm gm 3 giai on: tng trng (buil-up), n nh (plateau) v suy gim (decline). Vic cam kt cung cp kh n nh ph thuc rt nhiu vo tr lng, iu kin a cht v cng ngh khai thc ca tng m. Nh thu l 06-1 ch cam kt cung cp n nh trong 11 nm v yu cu Petrovietnam cam kt tiu th ti thiu l 2,7 t m3 kh/nm trong giai on cung cp n nh,
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tc l khi lng kh Petrovietnam phi thanh ton cho d c nhn kh hay khng. Trong khi , vi cc hp ng bn kh (GSA), EVN v cc h tiu th BOT gm cc nh my in Ph M 3 v Ph M 2.2 u yu cu Petrovietnam cung cp n nh kh trong 20 nm. Ngoi ra, ti thi im m phn nm 1999, do EVN khng xc nh c chc chn tin trin khai cc nh my in ca mnh (nh Ph M 2.1, Ph M 4...), nn cng khng xc nh c lng kh c EVN bao tiu. S khc bit c bn gia GSPA v GSA dn n vic m phn song song rt phc tp, ko di, v cha ng nhiu ri ro cho Petrovietnam. Trc tnh cnh , nu khng c quyt tm ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, s ng h ca cc b, ngnh v quyt nh kp thi ca Th tng Chnh ph th c l D n kh Nam Cn Sn khng c trin khai. Sau khi MOU c k kt ngy 29-4-1999, vi s lm vic tch cc ca T m phn, c s ch o kp thi v tham gia trc tip m phn khi cn thit ca lnh o Tng cng ty v cc phng chc nng (khi l ng Trn Ngc Cnh, ng Nguyn Trng Hnh, ng Vn H, b Nguyn Hng Nga, b V Th Bch Ngc, b V Th Chn), cc vng mc trong cc hp ng mua bn kh dn dn c tho g v gii quyt.
Ngy 4-12-2000, ng Nguyn Trng Hnh, c y quyn ca Ph Tng Gim c Trn Ngc Cnh, cng vi b Nguyn Hng Nga v cc chuyn vin khc ca Petrovietnam ang tho lun vi on chuyn vin Cng ty BP1 cht li cc im cui cng ca hp ng mua bn kh, th t nhin ng Hnh bt tnh ngay trn bn m phn! Ngay lp tc mt chuyn vin ca BP tin hnh lm h hp nhn to, ng thi i y t cp cu quc t c khn cp gi ti, dng my xung in kch hot tim. Rt ng tic l khng thnh cng! ng Hnh ra i v xut huyt no do cng thng!
Chiu ngy 15-12-2000, c php ca Th tng Chnh ph, hp ng mua bn kh gia Petrovietnam v cc nh thu l 06-1 c k kt ti Nh khch Chnh ph. Cc hp ng bn kh ch yu gia Petrovietnam vi BP, nh u t xy dng Nh my in BOT Ph M 3; v vi T hp nh u t (EDF - Php, Sumitomo v Tepci - Nht Bn) xy dng Nh my in BOT Ph M 2.2, ln lt c k vo ngy 22-5-2001 v ngy 18-9-2001.
1. Ti Phng hp s 4, tng 2, ta nh (c) s 22 Ng Quyn, qun Hon Kim, H Ni.
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3.2.3. Bo lnh ca Chnh ph (GGU) Vic m phn Bo lnh ca Chnh ph do B K hoch v u t ch tr, c mt s vn kh gii quyt, do cha c quy nh, hoc quy nh cha r rng trong vn bn php lut ca Vit Nam, nh: thu gi tr gia tng i vi condensat xut khu, quyn m v s dng ti khon ngn hng nc ngoi v chuyn i ngoi t theo nguyn tc quy nh chung, v.v.. Qu trnh m phn khng nhng cng thng i vi ngi nc ngoi, m i khi li rt cng thng ngay trong ni b cc c quan Vit Nam. Do Pha Vit Nam p dng c ch quyt nh ng thun, v th nu ch mt ngnh cha ng mt quan im no th mi vic phi dng li ch i thuyt phc t s ng thun. Vic thu gi tr gia tng p dng cho phn condensat xut khu cng l ti mt hn 5 thng thng nht gia cc b, ngnh. Condensat xut khu (1) l i tng np thu gi tr gia tng vi thu sut bng khng; hay (2) khng l i tng np thu gi tr gia tng, mc d thc cht ging nhau l thu gi tr gia tng i vi condensat xut khu u bng 0, nhng trng hp (1) th c khu tr gi tr gia tng u vo, cn trng hp (2) th khng. Do s thiu v khng r rng gia cc vn bn php quy, nn Vn phng Chnh ph phi triu tp cuc hp gii thch l do chp nhn cho khu tr thu gi tr gia tng u vo, v nu c xut khu th cng l mt khi lng khng ln. Ngy 15-12-2000, c s cho php ca Th tng Chnh ph, B K hoch v u t k Cam kt bo lnh ca Chnh ph Vit Nam (GGU) cho ton b D n kh Nam Cn Sn. Nh vy sau 6 nm m phn v sau 12 nm thc hin d n (k t ngy k Hp ng PSC), cc Bn nh thu t c nhng tha thun c bn lm tin cho pht trin cm m kh Lan Ty - Lan v xy dng ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn. 3.2.4. Hp ng hp tc kinh doanh u t xy dng v vn hnh ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn (BCC) Ngy 29-3-1995, Petrovietnam v cc i tc l BP (Anh), Statoil (Nauy), BHP (xtrylia) v Mobil (M) k tha thun nghin cu kh thi D n xy dng ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn vi thi hn 2 nm. Theo tha thun ny, quyn li tham gia ca Petrovietnam l 38%, BP l 24,8% v mi i tc cn li chim 12,4%.
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L k hp ng BCC ng ng Nam Cn Sn gia Petrovietnam v BP (Anh) vi Statoil (Nauy) (ngy 12-2-2001)
Thng 9-1995, thit k s b D n xy dng ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn c nh thu JP Kenny hon thnh. Cc Bn bt u m phn Tha thun khung (HOA) ca Hp ng hp tc kinh doanh (BCC) ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn (NCSP) v hon thin ni dung Bo co nghin cu kh thi. Thng 121995, BHP rt khi d n, nhng quyn tham gia cho BP/Statoil. Ngy 29-4-1996 cc Bn tham gia k HOA v thng qua Bo co nghin cu kh thi (FS) s 4 trnh Chnh ph xem xt chp thun; ng thi, xin mt s u i cho d n. Nm 1997, cc Bn tham gia hp ng BCC ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn trao thu lp Thit k tng th D n ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn cho Nh thu Brown & Root. Nm 1998, BP xut tng ng knh ng t 24 inch ln 26 inch v trnh li FS. u nm 1999, Mobil xin rt khi D n ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn. Thng 8-1999, Petrovietnam, BP, Statoil k Tha thun hp tc mi, gia hn thi gian hiu lc ca hp tc cho n khi k hp ng hp tc kinh doanh. Petrovietnam m phn nng quyn li tham gia ca mnh ln 51%, BP: 32,667% v Statoil: 16,333%. Cc Bn tham gia d n ph duyt tng mc
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u t D n NCSP giai on I l 504,9 triu USD v giai on II l 77 triu USD (USD nm 1999). Ngy 12-2-2001, hp ng hp tc kinh doanh (BCC) xy dng v vn hnh ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn c k kt; v c B K hoch v u t cp Giy php u t. Cui nm 2001, Statoil chuyn nhng quyn li v ngha v hp ng hp tc kinh doanh cho ConocoPhillips. 3.2.5. Tha thun vn chuyn, x l kh, condensat l 06-1 Ngy 26-2-2001, Tha thun vn chuyn x l kh, condensat l 06-1 c k kt gia cc ch kh l ONGC (n ), BP (Anh), Statoil (Nauy), PVEP (Vit Nam) v Petrovietnam vi cc bn ch ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn, l Petrovietnam, BP, Statoil. Cng sut vn chuyn ti a 10,078 triu m3/ngy. 3.3. Trin khai D n kh Nam Cn Sn 3.3.1. D n ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn D n ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn c tin hnh theo hnh thc Hp ng hp tc kinh doanh (BCC), k ngy 12-2-2001 gia Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, s hu 51%, v i tc nc ngoi l Cng ty ng ng kh BP Vit Nam (BP Pipeline Vietnam B.V.), s hu 32,67%, Cng ty Statoil Vietnam A.S., s hu 16,33% (cui nm 2001, Statoil chuyn nhng cho Cng ty ConocoPhilips). D n ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn c tng mc u t giai on I l 504,9 triu USD v giai on II l 77 triu USD. D n c thi gian hot ng 35 nm, Cng ty ng ng kh BP Vietnam (BP Pipeline Vietnam B.V.) l nh iu hnh trong thi gian xy dng v 5 nm vn hnh u tin.
Quyn iu hnh c chuyn giao cho Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam (do PV Gas l i din) theo quy nh trong hp ng, t ngy 1-1-2008.
D n ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn bao gm: - H thng ng ng dn kh t cm m Lan Ty/Lan thuc l 06-1 b Nam Cn Sn n Nh my x l kh Dinh C di 370 km (on trn b di 8,5 km), ng knh 26 inch (tng ng 660 mm), 2 pha, p sut 160 bar, cng sut vn chuyn ti a l 650-700 triu feet khi kh/ngy (tng ng 18,4-19,8 triu m3 kh/ngy). - Nh my tch kh Dinh C: gm cc h thng cng ngh, thit b o lng, iu khin t ng, in, cp thot nc v mt s hng mc ph tr khc. Cng
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sut x l trong giai on u l 370 triu feet khi kh/ngy (tng ng 10,5 triu m3 kh/ngy) v trong giai on m rng l 650-700 triu feet khi kh/ngy (tng ng 18,4-19,8 triu m3 kh/ngy). Sn phm chnh ca nh my l kh kh (ch yu l methan) v condensat. - H thng ng ng dn kh t Nh my x l kh Dinh C n Trung tm phn phi kh Ph M di 28,8 km, ng knh 30 inch (tng ng 762 mm), 1 pha, cng sut vn chuyn ti a l 650-700 triu feet khi kh/ngy (tng ng 18,4-19,8 triu m3 kh/ngy). - Trm o m kh Nam Cn Sn ti Ph M trc khi giao cho Petrovietnam. Ngoi ra, cn c cng trnh xy dng Trung tm phn phi kh Ph M do Petrovietnam/PVGC u t 100%: cng trnh bao gm cc h thng lc, o lng v kim tra cht lng kh tip nhn t h thng kh Nam Cn Sn. 3.3.2. Trin khai thi cng D n ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn T hp nh thu, gm Cng ty European Marine Contractors (EMC) Halliburton - X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro c chn l nh thu chnh trong vic thi cng ri ng ng di bin. T hp trn c s dng cc nh thu ph: - Cng ty Bredero Price (Malaixia) thc hin cng vic bc ng. - Cng ty Van Ootd ACZ B.V. thi cng ri ng phn tip b. - Cng ty BJ Process & Pipeline Services thc hin vic kim tra, th thu lc ton b tuyn ng. Cng ty Mc. Connel Dowell Constructor (xtrylia) Pty. Ltd. (vit tt l Mc. Connel Dowell) c chn l nh thu chnh trong gi thu mua sm v xy dng, lp t Nh my tch kh Dinh C v ng ng trn b. Cng ty Mc. Connel Dowell c s dng hai nh thu ph nc ngoi l: - Cng ty Shenden Uhde Pty. Ltd. (xtrylia) l thu ph thit k k thut cng trnh. - Cng ty Fugro Singapore Pte. Ltd. (Xingapo) l thu ph t vn kho st phn tch a k thut, mng v cc cng trnh. Cc nh thu t vn - thit k cho D n gm: Cng ty t vn Brown Energy Services - Bres (M) l n v t vn - thit k k thut tng th d n; Cng ty
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JP Kenny (Chi nhnh Malaixia) l nh thu ph thc hin thit k k thut tng th cng trnh; Vin Xy dng cng trnh bin IC Offshore (Vit Nam) thc hin thm tra thit k k thut tng th cng trnh.
L ng th thi cng D n kh Nam Cn Sn c t chc ti khu vc xy dng Nh my tch kh Nam Cn Sn, Dinh C, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu
3.3.3. Trung tm phn phi kh (GDC) Ph M Theo tha thun gia cc Bn tham gia D n kh Nam Cn Sn, Trung tm phn phi kh (GDC) Ph M s do Petrovietnam/PVGC l Ch u t v trc tip ch o thi cng xy dng. Cng tc xy dng c bt u t nm 1999, bng vic lp Bo co nghin cu kh thi (FS) v Thit k tng th (FEED) do Cng ty Brown & Roots (M) thc hin nm 2000. Kt qu u thu quc t, Cng ty Daewoo Engineering (Hn Quc) c la chn k Hp ng EPC. Cng tc thit k v xy lp cng trnh c tin hnh t thng 8-2001 n thng 12-2002. Khi do h thng Nam Cn Sn cha iu kin vn hnh chnh thc (v cn thiu trang thit b phng, chng chy n nn cha c C quan phng chy, cha chy cp giy php vn hnh) nn Cng ty PVGC phi s dng kh Bch H (sau khi nng p sut) chy th cc thit b ca GDC Ph M. Ngy 21-12003, GDC Ph M chnh thc tip nhn kh Nam Cn Sn; v sau vn
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hnh thng mi cng vi ton b d n H thng khai thc v vn chuyn kh Nam Cn Sn. Bn cnh nhim v tip nhn ngun kh thin nhin khai thc t m Lan Ty Lan cung cp cho cc nh my in ti Trung tm in lc Ph M, GDC Ph M cn phi hp vi Trm phn phi kh Ph M ca D n H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H - Th c iu ha 2 ngun kh Bch H v Nam Cn Sn bo m cung cp kh lin tc cho cm cng nghip in - m Ph M vi hiu qu cao nht.
Vo thi im nm 2010, GDC Ph M vn hnh vi cng sut vn chuyn v phn phi ti 20 triu m3 kh/ngy m; l u mi tip nhn ton b lng kh t nhin ca H thng kh Nam Cn Sn t m Lan Ty, l 06-1 v m Rng i, l 11-2 vn chuyn v b cung cp cho Trung tm in lc Ph M (vi tng cng sut lp t ln ti 3.300 MW) gm cc nh my in Ph M 1, Ph M 2.1 v Ph M 2.1 - m rng, Ph M 4 ca Tp on EVN; cc nh my in BOT Ph M 3 (BP) v Ph M 2.2 (EDF) v Nh my m Ph M. Sau khi D n ng ng dn kh Ph M - Nhn Trch - Hip Phc c a vo s dng nm 2008, t GDC Ph M, dng kh t nhin khai thc t b Nam Cn Sn cn c cp cho Nh my in Nhn Trch 1 (450 MW) v tip theo l Nh my in Nhn Trch 2 (750 MW).
Ngy 31-5-2001, ti khu vc Nh my tch kh Nam Cn Sn Dinh C, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu, L ng th thi cng D n Kh Nam Cn Sn c tin hnh. Sau hn mt nm khn trng thi cng xy dng, ngy 26-11-2002, dng kh u tin t m Lan Ty c a vo b. V ngy 21-1-2003, cng trnh ng ng Nam Cn Sn chnh thc a vo vn hnh theo hai ch : ch c phng thoi nh k y cht lng (vi lu lng kh thp) v ch vn hnh khng phng thoi (vi lu lng kh ln trn 7 triu m3/ngy). Ngy 25-4-2003, ton b dy chuyn kh Nam Cn Sn c vn hnh chnh thc. Ngy 26-3-2004, theo ngh ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, Th tng Chnh ph Phan Vn Khi k ban hnh Quyt nh s 46/2004/Q-TTg v vic ban hnh Quy ch bo m an ton h thng ng ng vn chuyn kh trn t lin. Quy ch quy nh r hnh lang an ton, khu vc nh hng ca tuyn ng dn kh i vi cc hot ng kinh t - x hi ni tuyn ng i qua. ng thi, Quy ch cng quy nh r trch nhim ca ch u t, ngi vn hnh, c quan chnh quyn a phng v ngi dn trong vic bo v an ton cho cng trnh kh.
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L n nhn dng kh u tin (qua h thng kh Nam Cn Sn), khai thc t m Lan Ty, l 06-1, thm lc a Vit Nam (nm 2002)
3.4. Vn hnh cng trnh kh Nam Cn Sn Sau khi cng trnh ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn, vi tng gi tr u t thc t giai on I l 426,8 triu USD, c hon thnh vo ngy 26-11-2002 v nhn kh t l 06-1, theo tha thun ca cc Bn lin quan t ngy 25-4-2003 ton b dy chuyn kh Nam Cn Sn chnh thc c vn hnh thng mi. Cui nm 2004, cng sut ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn c nng ln 11,4 triu m3 kh/ngy, chim phn ln lng kh cung cp cho cc nh my in khu vc Ph M c tng cng sut trn 3.800 MW. D n ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn p dng nghim ngt cc tiu chun qun l v an ton, sc khe, mi trng tin tin ca th gii v nhn c Chng ch v mi trng ISO 14001 nm 2003 v chng ch v an ton - sc kho ngh nghip OHSAS 18001 nm 2006. Khi a vo vn hnh t nm 2003 n cui nm 2006, D n ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn t c nhng thnh qu to ln, khng nhng em li hiu qu kinh t cho cc nh u t, m quan trng hn, D n gp phn quyt nh vo vic hnh thnh mt khu cng nghip kh - in - m ln nht Vit Nam ti khu vc Ph M, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu.
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Sau hn 7 nm hot ng, D n ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn c nhiu ln ci tin, ci to nng cng sut x l (4 ln) v 1 ln m rng Nh my tch kh Dinh C (vi vic lp t thm dy chuyn x l kh th 2), c th: 1. Nng cng sut ln 1 ln 11,4 triu m3 kh/ngy - thng 9-2004; 2. Nng cng sut ln 2 ln 13,2 triu m3 kh/ngy - thng 5-2005; 3. Nng cng sut ln 3 ln 15,0 triu m3 kh/ngy - thng 12-2006; 4. Nng cng sut ln 4 (tm thi trong 3 thng khi dy chuyn 2 cha vo kp) ln 16,5 triu m3 kh/ngy - thng 5-2008; 5. M rng nh my (thm dy chuyn 2) ln 20 triu m3 kh/ngy - thng 10-2008.
Nh my tch kh Nam Cn Sn ti Dinh C, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu
B sung kh t cm m Rng i - Rng i Ty, l 11-2: a vo s dng ngun kh pht hin cm m Rng i - Rng i Ty, l 11-2 b sung cho nhu cu tiu th kh ngy cng tng ca th trng Vit Nam; cng vi vic khn trng tin hnh pht trin cc m kh Rng i - Rng i Ty, vic m phn Tha thun vn chuyn v x l kh l 11-2 qua h thng ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn c tin hnh. Do h thng kh Nam Cn Sn c thit k cho
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vn chuyn v x l 6,5 t m3/nm, mt khc khi BP li ang mun s dng h thng kh Nam Cn Sn pht trin m kh Hi Thch l 05-2 nn vic m phn Tha thun vn chuyn v x l kh l 11-2 qua h thng kh Nam Cn Sn l ht sc kh khn. Tuy nhin, vi s quyt tm ca Cng ty KNOC, chp nhn mi yu cu ca BP v cng ngh tch condensat ti m Rng i - Rng i Ty; cng vi s u tranh quyt lit v kin tr ca Petrovietnam, thng qua cc cuc hp ca y ban qun l (BOC) ca D n kh Nam Cn Sn, cc Bn i tc BP v ConocoPhillips ng vi Petrovietnam cho php h thng kh Nam Cn Sn c vn chuyn v x l lng kh khai thc t l 11-2. Ngy 7-10-2005, Ch ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn, gm Petrovietnam, BP v ConocoPhillips k Tha thun vn chuyn v x l kh vi ch kh l 11-2, gm KNOC (i din t hp Hn Quc), PVEP v Petrovietnam. ng thi, cc vn bn Tha thun mua bn kh l 11-2 v Cam kt bo lnh ca Chnh ph i vi d n pht trin m, khai thc v vn chuyn kh l 11-2 cng c cc Bn lin quan k kt. Ngy 14-12-2006, cc Bn lin quan k Tha thun phn b kh gia cc nhm ch kh l 06-1, ch kh l 11-2 v ch ng ng kh Nam Cn Sn. Cng sut ng ng dn kh Nam Cn Sn ngay trc thi im ny c nng ln trn 15 triu m3/ngy sn sng tip nhn kh l 11-2. Ngy 25-12-2006, kh l 11-2 bt u c giao vo ng ng Nam Cn Sn vn chuyn v b, cung cp ngun kh b sung cho Khu cng nghip Ph M, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu.
4. D n thu gom, vn chuyn v cung cp kh PM3-CAA

4.1. Ngun kh khu vc PM3-CAA v 46/Ci Nc Khu vc PM3-CAA nm trong vng Tha thun thng mi gia Vit Nam v Malaixia c thm nh vi tr lng khong 52,3 t m3 kh cng vi l 46/ Ci Nc (tr lng khong 2 t m3 kh) c nh thu Lundin lp K hoch pht trin m chi tit. K hoch ny d kin khai thc v cung cp 125 triu feet khi kh tiu chun/ngy (tng ng 3,5 triu m3 kh/ngy) t khu vc PM3-CAA cho mi Bn Petrovietnam v Petronas; v 20 triu feet khi kh tiu chun/ngy (tng ng 0,56 triu m3 kh/ngy) cho ring Petrovietnam t l 46/Ci Nc. Nh vy, tng sn lng kh cung cp cho Petrovietnam mi ngy l 145 triu feet khi kh tiu chun (tng ng vi 4,2 triu m3 kh/ngy, hay 1,5 t m3 kh/nm). Phn lng c tch t ngoi bin, ch a kh kh vo b.
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4.2. V D n ng ng dn kh PM3-C Mau Nhm s dng c hiu qu ngun kh t khu vc PM3-CAA v l 46/Ci Nc lm nguyn, nhin liu cho cc nh my in, m ti khu vc C Mau, bo m an ninh nng lng v an ninh lng thc quc gia; ng thi pht trin kinh t - vn ha - x hi khu vc ng bng sng Cu Long, sau khi c Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt Bo co nghin cu kh thi (do Cng ty T vn thit k Flour ca M lp trn c s hp ng), nm 2000 Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam quyt nh thnh lp Ban Chun b u t v trin khai hng lot cc cng vic nh thit k chi tit tuyn ng, n b gii phng mt bng, v.v.. c bit l theo xut ca Ban Chun b u t, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam kin ngh v thuyt phc cc b, ngnh lin quan trnh Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt vic nn tuyn ng v thay i v tr im tip b n Mi Trm (thay v ca sng ng c theo Thit k tng th - FEED), lm li cho Nh nc nhiu triu la M.
Theo li k ca ng Trn Vn Thc, nguyn Trng Ban Chun b u t cm kh - in - m C Mau: Ban Chun b u t mnh dn xut i tuyn sang hng khc. Mc d cn b, ngnh lin quan khng ng , nhng vi s quan tm gii trnh li hi ca vic i tuyn, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam chng minh c phng n tuyn ng mi u vit hn nhiu v chi ph cng nh iu kin thi cng, c bit l t nh hng n dn c dc tuyn. Kt qu tuy phi chi ra thm 10 t ng, tng ng 1 triu USD kho st li tuyn mi phc v Thit k tng th - FEED, nhng gim c 10 triu USD, rt ngn tin thi cng ng ng trn b 50%. c bit l tuyn ng l B- Mn... cng i theo tuyn ny lm cho ngha kinh t, x hi, mi trng ca vic i tuyn tng ln gp bi.
ng ng dn kh PM3-CAA - C Mau bt ngun t gin Bunga Raya-Beta (BRB, do nh iu hnh Talisman vn hnh) nm trn khu vc PM3-CAA c thit k vn chuyn 2 t m3 kh mi nm cho cm cng nghip kh - in - m C Mau, gm c cc hng mc chnh nh sau: - Riser (tnh t im trn mt bch treo 1 m); - 298 km ng ng di bin ng knh trong 457 mm, Class 900; - Trm tip b (Landfall Station); - 27 km ng ng trn b (chn ngm di mt t t 2 - 4 m) ng knh trong 457 mm, Class 600, i qua a bn 2 x Khnh Bnh (Ty Bc huyn Trn Vn Thi) v x Khnh An (huyn U Minh), trn c 1 trm van ngt tuyn;
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- Trung tm phn phi kh C Mau (GDC C Mau); - ng ng dn kh t GDC C Mau ti cc h tiu th. Trong qu trnh trin khai d n, khi thi cng ng ng kh qua m ly on trn b t Mi Trm n C Mau di 27 km, Ban Qun l D n cho p dng bin php thi cng mi rt hiu qu l o knh vn chuyn ng v thit b dc tuyn thay v lm ng cng v dc tuyn rt kh khn v nh hng n tin . D n h thng ng ng dn kh PM3-C Mau c khi cng ngy 29-4-2006. Tng thu EPC l X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro, cc nh thu ph gm Cng ty PTSC (i vi phn ng ng trn bin); cc cng ty Lilama 45.1 v PVECC (i vi phn ng ng trn b); PVEng (i vi Trm x l kh) v v.v..
Cc mc thi gian chnh ca qu trnh thu gom, vn chuyn v phn phi kh t ng ng PM3-CAA - C Mau nh sau: (1) Ngy 29-4-2007, chnh thc tip nhn kh vo ng ng sau khi kt thc giai on thi cng, lp t v tin chy th; (2) Ngy 15-5-2007, Nh my in C Mau 1 vi cng sut 750 MW chnh thc tip nhn ngun kh u tin phc v chy th; (3) Ngy 4-4-2008, bt u cung cp kh cho Nh my in C Mau 2 (cng sut 750 MW); (4) Ngy 27-12-2008, khi cng Nh my m C Mau vi cng sut 800.000 tn/nm v d kin s nhn kh chy th vo nm 2011. ng ng PM3C Mau c Tng cng ty Kh Vit Nam nghin cu, ci hon nng cng sut t 2 t m3 ln 2,2 t m3/nm c th vn chuyn ht lng kh khai thc c cng nh ly li phn kh m pha Petronas nhn gip t nm 2003. Tp on Du kh Vit Nam lp k hoch thu gom kh t cc m lin k nh m Sng c (d kin nm 2012), m Hoa Mai (nm 2013) v cc m Khnh M, Ph Tn, Rch Tu nhm b sung thm vo ngun kh PM3 v Ci Nc hin ti. ng thi, d n xy dng h thng ng ng l B - Mn s dng ngun kh khai thc khu vc cc l B&48/95 v 52/97 cung cp kh cho Khu cng nghip Mn ( ng th ngy 28-11-2009, d kin hon thnh vo nm 2014) cng s b sung mt ngun kh ng k cho h thng kh PM3-C Mau, nhm p ng ti a nhu cu s dng kh ca cm cng nghip kh - in - m C Mau.
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5. Xy dng ng ng kh thp p Ph M - M Xun - G Du

D n H thng phn phi kh thp p Ph M - M Xun - G Du l d n u t xy dng cng trnh phn phi kh. im tip nhn kh Bch H v Nam Cn Sn ti h ngun l Trung tm phn phi kh Ph M v cung cp kh cho cc h tiu th kh nm trong cc khu cng nghip Ph M, M Xun thuc huyn Tn Thnh, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu v Khu cng nghip G Du thuc huyn Long Thnh, tnh ng Nai. Petrovietnam giao cho Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh (sau ny l Tng cng ty Kh Vit Nam - PV Gas) nhim v lp Lun chng nghin cu kh thi D n ny nhm pht trin v a dng ha th trng tiu th kh, tng cng s n nh v hot ng v tn thu lng kh trnh b t b ca h thng phn phi tiu th kh ng hnh Bch H. Ngoi ra, D n ny cng gp phn gim ri ro v mt thng mi trong qu trnh tiu th kh Nam Cn Sn (c bit vo ma ma), do yu cu bao tiu sn phm kh vi mc c nh 100%. D n c thit k vi tng cng sut l 3 triu m3 kh/ngy m. Khi hon thnh s cung cp kh cho cc khu cng nghip rng ln gm Ph M, M Xun, G Du vi tng din tch l 2.345 ha. Giai on u, D n ch yu cung cp kh t m Bch H cho cc Nh my in Kidwell, Nh my sn xut bt ngt Vedan, Nh my sn xut gm s ca Cng ty c phn cng nghip gm s Taicera, Cng ty c phn gm s Ton Quc. Giai on tip theo, D n cung cp cho khong 25 nh my cng nghip cn li ca cc khu cng nghip Ph M, M Xun, G Du. Lng tiu th ca cc nh my t 600 ti 1.320 nghn m3/ngy m. D n c thit k, lp t cung cp kh vi di p sut thp, ph hp vi c im ca cc h tiu th l hot ng vi p sut t di 3 bar n 15 bar. p ng tin nhn kh ca cc h cng nghip, D n c phn k u t theo hai giai on. Giai on I vi tng mc u t l 94,7 t ng v c hon thnh vo thng 10-2002 vi gi tr quyt ton (theo Bo co quyt ton trnh ngy 21-8-2006) l 88,471 t ng. Giai on II, c tng mc u t l 142 t ng v c hon thnh vo thng 2-2009. D n H thng phn phi kh thp p Ph M - M Xun - G Du t c hiu qu cao v kinh t, x hi, gp phn pht trin v a dng ha th trng tiu th kh, lm gim ri ro thng mi trong vic tiu th kh Nam Cn Sn vi yu cu bao tiu 100%. D n bo m cp kh y cho cc h tiu th hot
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ng thuc Khu cng nghip Ph M, M Xun, G Du, gp phn pht trin cng nghip a phng ti cc tnh B Ra - Vng Tu v ng Nai. Vi nhng kt qu t c, D n ng gp mt phn khng nh vo k hoch pht trin ca ngnh cng nh k hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi ca c nc trong thi k cng nghip ho, hin i ho.
6. Hot ng phn phi kinh doanh kh

Cng vi s pht trin ca kinh t t nc, cng tc phn phi kinh doanh cc sn phm kh p ng nhu cu ca cc ngnh kinh t ngy cng c pht trin mt cch su rng. Song song vi vic u t xy dng cc h thng thu gom vn chuyn kh bng ng ng v cc nh my x l kh, vic u t xy dng h thng kho cng phc v vic tn tr v phn phi cc sn phm kh l rt cn thit v ng mt vai tr quan trng, bo m a c cc sn phm kh ti cc h tiu th v ngi tiu dng mt cch an ton, hiu qu v gia tng gi tr ca kh. n nm 2010, di s ch o ca Petrovietnam, Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh (v sau l Tng cng ty Kh Vit Nam - PV Gas) v c bn hon thin c h thng c s vt cht bao gm cc h thng cu cng, kho cha v trm chit np kh ha lng (LPG), ng gp rt tch cc vo vic pht trin th trng v gi vng vai tr dn u trong th trng cung cp LPG v cc sn phm kh. 6.1. Cng ty Lin doanh VT Gas v kinh doanh LPG Lin doanh Kh ho lng Vit Nam (VT Gas) c cp Giy php u t ngy 4-3-1994, thi hn kinh doanh 20 nm (1994-2014), gm 3 bn: Petrovietnam 36%; Tng cng ty Du kh Thi Lan (PTT) 32%; Cng ty Total (Php) 32%. Nm 1994, Cng ty VT Gas u t vo Vit Nam 5,3 triu USD trong tng vn u t 15,53 triu USD. VT Gas chim th phn t 5-7% (48.000 tn LPG, nm 2005). T nm 1997 n nm 2005, li sau thu mi nm khong 0,7 triu USD. Thng qua hot ng ca Cng ty Lin doanh VT Gas to iu kin cho PV Gas tp dt trong lnh vc kinh doanh LPG, ng thi c ngun LPG t nc ngoi (Thi Lan v/hoc Xingapo) cung cp cho th trng Vit Nam, bi v nm 1994 ta cha sn xut c LPG.
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6.2. PV Gas u t xy dng h tng tn tr v phn phi kh Nm 2000, nh du mt s kin quan trng, kho cng LPG Th Vi (huyn Tn Thnh, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu) hon thnh vic xy dng v a vo s dng. Vi cng sut cu cng c th tip nhn tu c trng ti ti 20.000 DWT v sc cha kho ti 14.000 m3, kho cng LPG Th Vi tr thnh kho u mi ln nht trong c nc vo thi im . T y, ln u tin sn phm LPG do Nh my x l kh Dinh C c bm xung tu LPG chuyn dng vn chuyn ti cc kho LPG trong c nc, gp phn pht trin nhanh chng v n nh th trng, a sn phm LPG tr nn ngy cng thng dng trong c cng nghip, thng mi ln dn dng. thc hin chin lc pht trin th trng bn l LPG vi thng hiu PETROVIETNAM GAS, PV Gas cng cc n v kinh doanh trc thuc nhanh chng u t xy dng cc h thng kho cng LPG trung chuyn v h thng trm np LPG trn phm vi ton quc. PV Gas c cc kho LPG trung chuyn hu ht cc tnh, thnh ph ln nh Hi Phng, Ngh An, H Tnh, Nng, Qung Ngi (Dung Qut), Vng Tu, ng Nai, Thnh ph H Ch Minh, Long An, Cn Th. Tng cng sut cha LPG ti cc kho ca PV Gas t 43.000 m3, trong min Bc 10.000 m3, min Trung 5.000 m3 v min Nam 28.000 m3.
Nm 2009, tip tc nh du mt s kin quan trng trong vic u t pht trin h thng kho cng LPG. PV Gas tin hnh khi cng D n kho cng LPG lnh ti Th Vi vi cng sut tn tr ln ti 120.000 m3 v cu cng 60.000 DWT. n nm 2012, kho cng ny s c a vo s dng. y s l kho LPG u tin ti Vit Nam c xy dng theo cng ngh lnh, vi sc cha rt ln c th tip nhn cc tu LPG lnh chuyn dng vn chuyn LPG t cc nc xut khu ln ti Trung ng cng nh khu vc. Vic u t xy dng kho LPG lnh l mt bc chuyn bin ln nhm thc hin chin lc pht trin kinh doanh LPG lu di, bo m ngun cung ng n nh cho th trng trong nc cng nh ti xut khu sang cc nc trong khu vc.
Cng vi vic u t xy dng cc h thng kho cng LPG, PV Gas tng bc u t v pht trin i tu vn ti LPG. Thi gian u, PV Gas phi thu tu nc ngoi vn chuyn LPG n kho ca cc khch hng, sau hp tc vi PTSC mua v khai thc i tu vn ti LPG, p ng ton b nhu cu vn chuyn ca mnh khng ph thuc vo nc ngoi. Sau ny, dch v vn chuyn LPG ca PV Gas c tch ring v tr thnh lnh vc hot ng ca Cng ty c phn Gas Shipping.
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6.3. PV Gas cung cp kh kh, kinh doanh LPG v cc sn phm kh Cng vi vic u t c s h tng thu gom, vn chuyn v tng tr sn phm kh, cng tc phn phi v kinh doanh cc sn phm kh c pht trin mt cch nhanh chng k c v cht lng, s lng v chng loi sn phm. Cung cp kh kh: K t khi dng kh u tin c a vo b nm 1995 phc v pht in, sau 15 nm Cng ty Ch bin v kinh doanh cc sn phm kh/ Tng cng ty Kh Vit Nam thu gom, vn chuyn, ch bin v cung cp trn 35 t m3 kh kh cho cc nh my in, m v cc khu cng nghip, trong ch yu (trn 85% sn lng) phc v cho pht in. Tng sn lng in t cc nh my in chy bng kh chim hn 40% tng sn lng in quc gia, gp phn c bit quan trng cho vic bo m an ninh nng lng. Di s ch o ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam, PV Gas tip tc trin khai u t cc ng ng dn kh mi gia tng sn lng cung cp, ng thi trin khai cng tc nhp khu kh p ng nhu cu kh tng ln khng ngng, gp phn bo m an ninh nng lng quc gia lu di. Kinh doanh LPG v cc sn phm kh khc: Sn phm lng bao gm LPG v condensat l nhng sn phm kh quan trng, ng gp ln vo doanh thu v li nhun ca PV Gas. Trc khi Nh my x l kh Dinh C i vo hot ng, cui nm 1999, ton b LPG tiu th trong nc c nhp khu t nc ngoi do mt bng gi bn LPG c xc nh da vo gi nhp khu v do mt s doanh nghip quyt nh. Sau khi Nh my x l kh Dinh c i vo hot ng, c LPG sn xut trong nc th xut hin nhu cu xc nh gi bn LPG sn xut trong nc sao cho va bo m hiu qu D n H thng thu gom v vn chuyn kh Bch H Th c, va khng cn tr vic nhp khu LPG, va em li li ch cho ngi tiu dng; gp phn bnh n gi v kch thch s dng LPG thay cho cc loi nhin liu truyn thng, gim nn cht ph rng v gim nhim mi trng. Trong mt thi gian ngn, PV Gas cng vi vic thit lp c h thng khch hng trong nc mua s LPG v condensat, xut v c c quan qun l cp trn chp thun phng php xc nh gi bn LPG v condensat, do sn phm sn xut t Nh my x l kh Dinh c c tiu th kp thi vi hiu qu kinh t hp l.
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Phng php xc nh gi bn LPG v condensat do PV Gas xut da trn c s gi nhp khu cc sn phm cng loi, cng vi mt t l gim gi hp l khuyn khch khch hng mua ti a LPG v condensat sn xut trong nc, song khng cn tr hot ng nhp khu cn i cung cu LPG v condensat khi nhu cu tiu th trong nc vt qu sn lng ca Nh my x l kh Dinh C. C th ni, LPG l sn phm nng lng u tin sn xut trong nc c bn theo gi th gii, khng phi b l v cng thc gi LPG sau c tham kho xc nh gi bn cc sn phm lc du sau ny.
K t khi c sn phm LPG sn xut t Nh my x l kh Dinh C, PV Gas lun lun gi vng vai tr nh cung cp LPG dn u th trng trong nc. Vic trin khai cng tc phn phi kinh doanh bn l LPG c PV Gas quan tm thc hin nhm gia tng gi tr sn phm v xy dng thng hiu sn phm. PV Gas thnh lp hai x nghip bn l LPG hai min Bc v Nam vo nm 2000, xy dng h thng trm np, kho cha, mua xe bn, hnh thnh mng li i l trn c nc a LPG n tn tay ngi tiu dng. Tnh n cui nm 2004, thng qua hai x nghip v hai cng ty lin doanh (VT Gas v Thng Long Gas) ca mnh, PV Gas chim 22% th phn c nc. Vic tham gia bn l gim bt s ph thuc ca PV Gas vo cc khch hng ngoi ngnh trong vic tiu th LPG. Bnh gas mu hng PETROVIETNAM GAS xut hin trn th trng gp phn qung b thng hiu PETROVIETNAM thng qua sn phm c th. Sau gn 10 nm xy dng v pht trin, thng hiu bnh gas PETROVIETNAM GAS c ch ng vng chc trn th trng vi th phn c duy tr n nh mc 20-25%. Nhng nm gn y, khi sn lng LPG ca Nh my Dinh C gim, PV Gas ch ng y mnh cng tc nhp khu LPG. Nh , PV Gas tip tc gi vng vai tr ch o trong th trng v tng bc m rng th phn cung cp ln trn 50%. PV Gas cng rt ch trng vo vic a dng ha sn phm. T nm 2008, PV Gas tin hnh u t xy dng v vn hnh cc nh my sn xut kh nn (CNG - Compressed Natural Gas) phc v cng nghip v giao thng vn ti, ng thi tip tc trin khai vic s dng LPG cho cc phng tin giao thng cng cng.
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Sn lng kh ca PV Gas cung cp ra th trng, giai on 2000-2009

Sn phm n v tnh Tr. m3 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Kh kh
1.223
1.233
1.577
2.440
4.241
5.173
5.677
6.086
6.995
7.132
LPG
1.000 T 268,1
297,8
347,4
373,8
373,2
313,0
344,6
311,2
455,6
551,1
Condensat
1.000 T 112,5
134,1
147,8
158,4
131,8
117,6
109,7
80,3
69,5
66,0
CNG
Tr. m3
1,04
8,96
II. TRIN KHAI CC D N LC - HA DU

1. Trin khai D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut
1.1. Thnh lp Ban Qun l D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut Thc hin quyt nh ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic t chc thc hin D an Nh my lc du Dung Qut theo phng thc t u t 1, ngy 12-2-2003 Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh quyt nh thnh lp mi Ban Qun l D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut. Ph hp vi tinh thn Ngh nh lin Chnh ph Vit - Nga ngy 25-12-2002 v Quyt nh s 78/BKH-QLDA ngy 13-2-2003 ca B trng B K hoch v u t v vic chuyn nhng ton b quyn li v ngha v ca Pha tham gia Nga (RVO Zarubezhneft) trong Cng ty lin doanh VietRoss cho Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, Ban Qun l D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut t chc tip qun D n v t thng 3-2003 tip tc trin khai theo hnh thc Vit Nam t u t. Ban Qun l D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut (mi) c thnh lp tp trung thc hin nhng cng vic cp bch bo m tin D n gm vic x l cc vn php l ca cc Hp ng EPC; kin ton b my t chc v n nh t tng ca cn b cng nhn vin; tip tc m phn hp ng gi thu EPC s 1;
1. Thng bao s 08/TB-VPCP ngay 27-1-2003 ca Vn phng Chnh ph.
454
tp trung gii quyt nhng pht sinh, vng mc v k thut, cng ngh v ti chnh ca cc gi thu EPC 5A, EPC 5B, EPC 7; lp k hoch o to tng th v chun b vn hnh sn xut... tng cng nng lc qun l v iu hnh mt d n ln, c s cho php ca Th tng Chnh ph v tha thun ca B trng B Xy dng, Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh quyt nh tip nhn v b nhim ng Trng Vn Tuyn, Gim c Cng ty lp my Lilama 45.1 gi chc Ph Tng Gim c Tng cng ty trc tip ph trch Ban Qun l D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut1. 1.2. Tip tc m phn hp ng gi thu EPC s 1, tp trung gii quyt nhng pht sinh, vng mc ca cc gi thu khc bo m cng tc qun l, gim st D n trong iu kin Vit Nam cha c kinh nghim v xy dng v vn hnh nh my lc du, Th tng Chnh ph cho php Tng cng ty Du kh thu T vn qun l, gim st v vn hnh chy th Nh my lc du Dung Qut. Ngy 24-10-2003, Hp ng T vn qun l d n (PMC-T vn qun l, gim st, vn hnh th nh my) c k kt vi Cng ty Stone & Webster (Vng quc Anh) vi gi tr gn 30 triu USD. Do thi gian trin khai D n ko di qu lu, c cu sn phm theo thit k ban u (c xng A-83 v du diesel cng nghip) tr nn lc hu v khng cn ph hp vi cc quy nh mi ca Nh nc v tiu chun cht lng sn phm xng du nn Tng cng ty Du kh quyt nh nghin cu b sung thm 2 phn xng cng ngh trong cu hnh Nh my l phn xng x l LCO bng hydro v phn xng ng phn ha (Isomer ha) nng cao cht lng sn phm v tng thm hm lng cc loi xng cao cp. Vi phng n ny, thay v xng A-83 v du diesel cng nghip, Nh my ch sn xut xng Mogas 90/92/95 v du diesel giao thng cht lng cao, bo m cc quy nh v ch tiu cht lng sn phm phc v nhu cu ni a v trong khu vc. thc hin vic ny, sau khi bo co v c s cho php ca Th tng Chnh ph, ngy 27-2-2004, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam k hp ng pht trin thit k k thut tng th (FDC) vi T hp Technip; cc hp ng bn quyn b sung vi cc nh bn quyn cng ngh UOP v Axens cho hai phn xng Isomer ho v LCO-HDT cng c k kt ngy 24-1-2004. Ngoi mc ch hon thin cu hnh cng ngh v nng cao cht lng sn phm, vic pht trin thit k k thut tng th s gii quyt cc vn v giao
1. Quyt nh s 2918/Q-HQT ngy 27-11-2003 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam.
455
din, kt ni gia cc gi thu EPC bo m cho nh my ng b v hot ng c hiu qu. Theo tinh thn ny, 4 gi thu EPC quan trng nht ca nh my trc y (s 1, 2, 3 v 4) c kt hp vo mt hp ng EPC, gi l gi thu EPC s 1+4 v 2+3. Ton b cc cng tc thit k, mua sm, lp t, chy th, chy nghim thu cho cc gi thu ny v ton b nh my s do mt Nh thu chu trch nhim thc hin. Do tin D n xy dng nh my b ko di, cng nh vic b sung s cng ngh dn n h qu tt yu l lm tng vn u t, trong x hi xut hin nhng kin nn xem xt li hiu qu D n, thm ch nn chng dng D n, ti k hp th 7, Quc hi kho XI a vic xem xt D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut vo chng trnh ngh s. Sau khi nghe gii trnh ca Chnh ph v bo co thm tra ca y ban Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng ca Quc hi, Quc hi tho lun si ni v ngy 14-6-2005 ban hnh Ngh quyt s 44/2005/QH11 v vic tp trung ch o xy dng Nh my lc du s 1 Dung Qut. Theo Ngh quyt ny, Nh my lc du Dung qut phi hon thnh vic xy dng vo nm 2008 v a vo sn xut vn hnh nm 2009. Thc hin Ngh quyt k hp th 7 Quc hi kho XI, ngy 17-6-2005, Th tng Chnh ph ban hnh Quyt nh s 546/Q-TTg iu chnh D n u t Nh my lc du Dung Qut. Theo Quyt nh ny, tng mc u t ca D n s tng t 1.297 ln 2.501 triu USD, cha k ph ti chnh trong thi gian xy dng, trong ngn sch nh nc cp 800 triu USD t phn tin li du th c chia t X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro giai on 1995-2000, vay u i t ngun vn u t pht trin ca Nh nc 1.000 triu USD, vay cc ngn hng thng mi 950 triu USD, phn cn li (khong 226 triu USD) do Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam thu xp. Vic iu chnh tng mc u t D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut l cn thit, xut pht t tnh hnh thc t gi c bin ng mnh v bo m cho D n tnh ng, tnh v ngun vn t chc thc hin. Sau mt thi gian tch cc m phn, ngy 17-5-2005 hp ng EPC gi thu EPC s 1+4 (phn trong hng ro nh my v cng nhp du th - SPM) c k kt gia ch u t (Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam) v T hp nh thu Technip do Technip France ng u. Ngy 13-6-2005, B Xy dng cp Giy php xy dng cho php T hp Technip c thc hin cng tc xy dng ti Vit Nam. Ngy 16-6-2005, Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt hp ng gi thu EPC s 1+4 D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut. Ngy 25-6-2005, hp ng EPC
456
s 1+4 bt u c hiu lc. Nh vy, sau 6 nm k t khi bt u thc hin cng tc u thu, gi thu chnh ca Nh my lc du c k kt v D n chnh thc c th xc nh ngy hon thnh cng trnh. Ngy 24-8-2005, theo tinh thn hp nht cc gi thu EPC quan trng bo m vic xy dng v vn hnh thnh cng nh my, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam hon thnh cng tc m phn v k Ph lc hp ng EPC gi thu s 2+3 (Khu b cha du th, ng ng dn sn phm, khu b cha v cng xut sn phm) vi T hp Technip. Hp ng EPC s 2+3 c cc Bn tha thun nh Ph lc ca hp ng EPC s 1+4 v bt u c hiu lc t ngy 21-9-2005. Gi tr ca cc gi thu EPC s 1+4 v 2+3 ln ti 2 t USD. 1.3. L khi cng cc gi thu EPC s 1, 2, 3 v 4 Ngy 28-11-2005, L khi cng cc gi thu EPC s 1, 2, 3 v 4 c T hp nh thu Technip phi hp vi Petrovietnam t chc ti cng trng v Ph Th tng Thng trc Chnh ph Nguyn Tn Dng chnh thc pht lnh khi cng cng trnh.
Ph Th tng Thng trc Chnh ph Nguyn Tn Dng d L khi cng cc gi thu EPC s 1, 2, 3 v 4, D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut (ngy 28-11-2005)
457
Nh vy, sau mt thi gian di chun b, k t ngy 28-11-2005, D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut bc sang giai on mi - giai on chnh thc xy dng v m ra mt thi k mi trong lch s pht trin ngnh cng nghip Du kh Vit Nam. Vi s kin k kt hp ng EPC gi thu chnh ca Nh my v thc hin vic pht trin thit k k thut tng th, cho ti thi im ny, cc kh khn, vng mc ht sc ln ca D n c Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam gii quyt xong, l: - Hon thin cng ngh, nng cao cht lng sn phm cho ph hp vi tnh hnh thc t, cc quy nh mi, nng cao hiu qu, tnh cnh tranh ca D n; - Gii quyt vn giao din gia cc gi thu, c bit l gia cc gi thu EPC quan trng nht ca D n bo m tnh ng b v hot ng c hiu qu ca nh my; - Gii quyt cc vn vng mc lin quan ti cc gi thu EPC s 5A ( chn sng) v x l ti bn, s 5B (Cng xut sn phm) v x l nn gc v tng gi vt t thit b v s 7 v thit b c kh sa cha, bo dng phc v vn hnh nh my. Cc gi thu EPC chnh ca Nh my lc du c giao (c s iu chnh so vi trc) cho cc nh thu chnh nh sau: - Gi thu EPC s 1, 2, 3 v 4 (cc hng mc cng ngh, k thut trong hng ro Nh my v h thng nhp du th, xut sn phm): T hp Technip do Cng ty Technip France ng u. - Gi thu EPC s 5A ( chn sng): Cng ty Lng L thuc B Quc phng; sau do nh thu ny khng nng lc thi cng nn Ch u t quyt nh thay bng nh thu Van Oord (H Lan) l cng ty rt c kinh nghim v uy tn trong lnh vc xy dng cc cng trnh bin, c bit l cc chn sng. - Gi thu EPC s 5B (Cng xut sn phm): Nh thu Cienco 1 thuc B Giao thng vn ti thc hin. n thng 6-2006, do nh thu khng nng lc thc hin gi thu nn gy nh hng nghim trng ti cht lng v tin xy dng nh my. Sau khi c s chp thun ca Ban Ch o Nh nc v cc cng trnh du kh trng im, cng nh gi thu 5A, Tng cng ty Du kh quyt nh chuyn i ch th gi thu 5B v giao cho Ban Qun l D n Nh my lc du Dung Qut trc tip qun l; v tng cng thm nh thu PTSC, phi hp vi Cienco 1 trong vic qun l, mua sm v trin khai trong lnh vc xy lp cng
458
trnh. Vic thay i ch th ny qua thc t chng minh l quyt nh ng n, kp thi, gp phn bo m s thnh cng ca D n. - Gi thu EPC s 7 (Khu nh hnh chnh v xng sa cha c kh): Do Tng cng ty C kh xy dng (Coma) thuc B Xy dng thc hin. Ngoi cc nh thu EPC chnh ni trn, trong qu trnh thit k, xy dng, chy th nh my, chun b tip nhn, qun l vn hnh nh my, Ch u t thu Cng ty Stone & Webster lm T vn qun l d n (PMC), cc cng ty DNV v Bureau Veritas lm nh thu ng kim (CA), Tng cng ty c phn Bo him Du kh l nh bo him xy dng chnh cho D n. Ngoi ra cn c hng trm cc cc n v, t chc Vit Nam v nc ngoi tham gia D n.
Nhng con s n tng: Trong qu trnh xy dng Nh my c hn 100 nh cung cp v cc nh thu ph Vit Nam, hn 250 nh cung cp v thu ph quc t t 22 nc (ch yu t cc nc nc G7 v cng nghip pht trin nh M, Php, Anh, c, Italia, Nht Bn, xtrylia, Thu in) tham gia D n. Cng tc thit k c nh thu Technip thc hin ti 4 trung tm chnh trn th gii vo thi im ban u l: Yokohama (Nht Bn), Madrid (Ty Ban Nha), Pari (Php), Kuala Lmp (Malaixia) v Caracas (Vnzula), nhng sau do khi lng cng vic qu ln, nh thu phi trin khai cng tc thit k ti 9 trung tm thit k ln trn th gii vi s lng cc k s, chuyn gia thit k ln ti hng nghn ngi, lc cao im vi tng cng khong 2,5 triu gi cng. S lng cng nhn tham gia xy dng trn cng trng lc cao im ln ti hn 12.000 ngi vi tng s gi cng huy ng trn 42 triu. Tng khi lng st thp s dng trn 17.000 tn, c hn 150.000 tn vt t, thit b c s dng; ngoi ra s dng hn 5.000.000 m dy cp in, 130.000 m3 btng, 6.000 tn kt cu thp, 33.000 tn vt liu bn b v 2,3 triu DI ng ng cc loi.
Cng tc o to, chun b nhn lc cho vn hnh nh my: Cng trong thi gian ny, cng tc o to, chun b nhn lc cho vic tip qun v vn hnh nh my c trin khai kp thi. Thng qua Ban Qun l D n Tng cng ty Du kh tuyn dng hng trm k s, nhn vin k thut chuyn ngnh a i o to ti cc nh my lc du trn th gii Innxia, Rumania, Malaixia, M..., ti cc trung tm thit k, ch to, c s ca cc nh cung cp bn quyn, nh ch to v nh thit k cng nh ti cc c s o to thch hp trong nc. Theo k hoch o to tng th nhn lc vn hnh Nh my lc du Dung Qut c Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ph duyt nm 2004, cc hnh thc o to bao gm:
459
- o to do ch u t thc hin: o to ngoi ng ting Anh, chng trnh du kh c bn (trong c thc tp vn hnh cc phn xng ca nh my lc du trn m hnh m phng), thc hnh v vn hnh v bo dng ti cc nh my trong nc v ti cc c s o to/nh my lc du nc ngoi. - o to do nh thu EPC v cc nh cung cp thit b, bn quyn thc hin theo cc hp ng EPC v cc hp ng bn quyn c k kt. - Trong giai on chy th nh my lc du: Ch u t c trch nhim (theo quy nh trong hp ng EPC) cung cp 70 chuyn gia vn hnh c kinh nghim (ngi nc ngoi) cng cc nhn vin ngi Vit Nam ca Ch u t tham gia cng tc chy th cng vi nh thu EPC s 1+4 v 2+3. Do ch u t cha c kinh nghim o to nhn lc vn hnh nh my lc du cng nh chy th nh my lc du, nn Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam cho php Ban Qun l D n k hp ng vi Petroconsult lm nh thu cung cp dch v o to, tr gip vn hnh trong giai on chy th Nh my lc du Dung Qut v cung cp 70 chuyn gia nc ngoi tr gip trong giai on chy th nh my lc du. Cc chng trnh o to do Ch u t thc hin di s qun l ca nh thu Petroconsult bt u t thng 5-2006 v hon thnh vo cui nm 2007, bao gm: - o to thc tp ti Nh my lc du Rumania cho 60 k s vn hnh ch cht; - o to ting Anh, chuyn mn c bn, thit b m phng ti Trng cao ng Ngh Du kh cho 180 k s vn hnh v 269 cng nhn vn hnh. Tip theo chng trnh o to do Ch u t thc hin, cng tc o to ca nh thu EPC s 1+4 v 2+3 bt u t cui nm 2007 v ko di n ht qu II-2008, trc khi bt u giai on chy th Nh my lc du. Chng trnh o to ny v c bn hon thnh ng thi hn, p ng yu cu, tin ca D n. Theo s t chc, tng s cn b, nhn vin ca Nh my lc du Dung Qut l 1.189 ngi, trong nhn vin vn hnh trc tip l 1.071 ngi ( tnh c 10% d phng). Tnh n ht thng 6-2008, Ban Qun l D n tuyn dng c 1.046 nhn vin vn hnh/1.071 ngi, trong : - 300 k s hon thnh chng trnh o to vn hnh c bn (gm o to ngoi ng ting Anh, chng trnh du kh c bn, o to thc hnh ti cc nh
460
my trong nc v nc ngoi) v sau tip tc tham gia cc chng trnh o to chuyn su do T hp Technip thc hin ti cng trng, cng vi vic tham gia gim st, chun b chy th, chy th nh my. - 267 cng nhn vn hnh hon thnh chng trnh o to vn hnh c bn (gm o to ngoi ng ting Anh, chng trnh du kh c bn) v ang tham gia cng tc o to chuyn su vi s tr gip ca T hp Technip trong cng tc xy dng ti cng trng. - 35 k s, cng nhn vn hnh cng bin c tuyn dng v o to xong chuyn mn c bn, sau bin ch vo b phn qun l cng bin. - 379 k s v cng nhn vn hnh tm tuyn dng b sung theo s t chc vn hnh v hon thnh chng trnh o to c bn ti Trng cao ng Ngh Du kh. - Cc k s cn li tham gia cng tc qun l d n, gim st nh thu EPC ti cng trng. Nh vy, k t cui nm 2005 n u nm 2006, vic xy dng cng trnh Nh my lc du Dung Qut i vo mt lch trnh ht sc cng thng, khn trng, nhng n nh vi nhng ct mc r rng trong l trnh ca mnh, tin ti hon thnh vo nm 2009 nh yu cu ca Quc hi v Chnh ph t ra.
Nh my lc du Dung Qut: Din tch chim t v mt bin: 816,03 ha, trong Nh my chnh: 110 ha; Khu b cha du th, sn phm: 85,83 ha; Tuyn ng dn du th, sn phm, cp v x nc bin: 94,46 ha; Bn cng xy dng, khu cng xut sn phm, h thng phao rt du khng bn (SPM), ng ng ngm di bin v khu vc vng quay tu: 486,04 ha t v mt bin; ng vo nh my, khu nh cho cn b cng nhn vin ti Vn Tng: 39,7 ha. Cng sut thit k: 6,5 triu tn du th/nm. Ngun du th: du th dng lm nguyn liu cho Nh my l du th Vit Nam v du th nhp khu. Chng loi sn phm: Propylen, kh ho lng (LPG), xng t khng pha ch (xng A-90/92/95 RON), nhin liu phn lc/du ho dn dng, nhin liu diesel t (DO) v du nhin liu (FO). Cht lng sn phm: i vi cc sn phm tiu th trong nc tun theo cc tiu chun cht lng sn phm ca Vit Nam; i vi cc sn phm xut khu phi p ng cc yu cu cht lng xut khu. Cng ngh v thit b, gm 14 phn xng chnh sau: - Phn xng chng ct du th p sut kh quyn (CDU); - Phn xng x l naphtha bng hydro (NHT); - Phn xng reforming xc tc lin tc (CCR);
461

- Phn xng cracking xc tc nguyn liu cn (RFCC); - Phn xng x l LPG (LTU); - Phn xng thu hi propylen (PRU); - Phn xng x l kerosen (KTU); - Phn xng x l naphtha t RFCC (NTU); - Phn xng x l nc chua (SWS); - Phn xng ti sinh amin (ARU); - Phn xng trung ho kim (CNU); - Phn xng thu hi lu hunh (SRU); - Phn xng ng phn ho (ISOM); - Phn xng x l LCO bng hydro (LCO-HDT). Cc hng mc ph tr ca nh my c thit k ph hp vi nhu cu cng ngh v yu cu vn hnh ca nh my. Cc cng trnh bin: H thng phao rt
S mt bng khu Nh my lc du Dung Qut, huyn Bnh Sn, tnh Qung Ngi
462

du khng bn nhp du th ti vnh Vit Thanh c thit k tip nhn tu du c trng ti 80.000-110.000 DWT; 6 bn xut sn phm ca cng kn b tr ti vnh Dung Qut cho tu t 30.000 n 50.000 DWT; chn sng bo m vic xut sn phm ti cng kn lin tc v an ton. Cc cng trnh h tng chnh ngoi hng ro gm h thng cung cp in, ng s, nh v cc c s dch v ti Qung Ngi v Vn Tng.
2. Chun b u t cc d n lc - ha du s 2 v s 3
Trin khai Chin lc pht trin ngnh Du kh Vit Nam n nm 2015 v nh hng n nm 2025 i vi lnh vc lc - ha du, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam (sau l Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam), tch cc xc tin u t v ku gi cc i tc nc ngoi tham gia cc d n lc du s 2, 3 v cc cm ha du km theo hoc c lp. 2.1. D n Lin hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn, tnh Thanh Ha c Th tng Chnh ph cho php v thng xuyn n c1, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam khn trng trin khai D n Nh my lc du s 2, m trc ht l lp v trnh Th tng Chnh ph u bi xy dng Nh my lc du s 2. Theo ngh ca Hi ng Thm nh d n u t cp Nh nc2, Th tng Chnh ph ng vi ngh ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam v u bi xy dng Nh my lc du s 23. Trn c s kt qu kho st dc b bin Vit Nam nhng nm 1991, 1993 v 1994 do B Xy dng ch tr, xc nh c 5 a im ph hp hn c v c th xem xt la chn xy dng Nh my lc du, l o Long Sn (Vng Tu), vnh Vn Phong (Khnh Ho), Dung Qut (Qung Ngi), o Hn La (Qung Bnh) v Nghi Sn (Thanh Ho). chun b a im cho vic trin khai D n Nh my lc du s 2, theo ch o ca Th tng Chnh ph, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ch tr v phi hp vi cc b, ngnh hu quan r sot li 5 a im ni trn, ng thi b sung thm 2 a im mi, l: nh V (Hi Phng) v Vng ng (H Tnh). Nhng
1. Thng bo s 225/TB ngy 28-8-1993 v Cng vn s 1199/DK ngy 10-3-1995 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 2. Cng vn s 2924/UB-VPT ngy 30-8-1995. 3. Cng vn s 5102/DK ngy 14-9-1995 ca Vn phng Chnh ph.
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a im c v tr cng nc su cho tu ch du th t 10 vn n 30 vn tn nh: nh V (Hi Phng), Nghi Sn (Thanh Ho), Vng ng (H Tnh), Hn La (Qung Bnh), Dung Qut (Qung Ngi) c Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam t chc kho st chi tit. Trn c s kt qu nghin cu, ngy 30-12-1999 Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c vn bn kin ngh vi Th tng Chnh ph v B Chnh tr cho php la chn a im Nghi Sn, tnh Thanh Ha lp Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi D n Nh my lc du s 2. Theo ngh ca Tng Gim c Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, ngy 9-52000 Th tng Chnh ph ng la chn a im Nghi Sn, tnh Thanh Ha lm phng n c s lp Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi D n Nh my lc du s 2 v giao cho Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam phi hp vi cc b, ngnh v a phng lp Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi trnh Th tng Chnh ph xem xt, quyt nh1. Ngy 29-5-2001, Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam quyt nh thnh lp Ban Chun b u t Nh my lc du s 22 do ng Ng Dng Hng lm Trng ban trin khai xy dng cng trnh Nh my lc du s 2 ti Nghi Sn, Thanh Ho. Ngy 9-10-2001, Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt u bi lp Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi3. Ngy 31-1-2002, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c T trnh kin ngh Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi4 do Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam hp tc vi cc cng ty Mitsubishi Corporation v JGC (Nht Bn) lp, v c Cng ty t vn UOP (M) thm nh. Ngy 5-8-2002, Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi v giao cho Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam phi hp vi cc b, ngnh v a phng lp Bo co nghin cu kh thi trnh Th tng Chnh ph xem xt v trnh Quc hi thng qua5. Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam thu T vn k thut ABB Lummus Global (M) v hp tc vi Mitsubishi Corporation (Nht Bn) lp Bo co nghin
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Cng vn s 1932/VPCP-DK ngy 9-5-2000 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. Quyt nh s 879/Q-HQT ngy 29-5-2001 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. Cng vn s 4762 /VPCP-DK ngy 9-10-2001 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. T trnh s 458/CV-HQT ngy 31-1-2002 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. Quyt nh s 674/Q-TTg ngy 5-8-2002 ca Th tng Chnh ph.
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cu kh thi v hon thnh Bo co nghin cu kh thi vo thng 9-2003. T thng 10-2003, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam cng chuyn gia cc b, ngnh v T vn c lp Foster Wheeler (Anh) tin hnh thm nh Bo co. Ngy 29-4-2004, Th tng Chnh ph ch o Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam nghin cu lm r cc vn v nguyn liu du th, cht lng sn phm, s cng ngh, vn u t v thu xp vn, hnh thc u t1. Ngy 12-7-2004, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c vn bn trnh Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt Bo co nghin cu kh thi D n Lin hp lc - ho du Nghi Sn. Ngy 3-8-2004, Th tng Chnh ph giao Hi ng Thm nh Nh nc v cc d n u t t chc thm nh Bo co nghin cu kh thi D n Lin hp lc ha du Nghi Sn2. gii quyt cc xut ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam3 Kho st xc nh a im xy dng T hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn, tnh Thanh Ha v vic tm kim i tc u t D n Lin hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn, ngy 27-10-2004, Th tng Chnh ph giao Hi ng Thm nh Nh nc nghin cu cho kin4. Ngy 23-3-2005, Vn phng Chnh ph thng bo kin ch o ca Th tng Chnh ph v hnh thc u t D n Lin hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn. Th tng Chnh ph giao Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam nghin cu b sung cc vn v phng n s dng du th cho D n, chnh sch u i u t, hiu
1. Cng vn s 2109/VPCP-DK ngy 29-4-2004 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 2. Cng vn s 1070/VPCP-DK ngy 3-8-2004 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 3. Cng vn s 5273/CV-HQT ngy 8-10-2004 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. 4. Cng vn s 5861/VPCP-DK ngy 27-10-2004 ca Vn phng Chnh ph.
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qu u t theo hnh thc lin doanh; giao B K hoch v u t cng Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam nghin cu tm i tc lin doanh cho D n1. Ngy 10-10-2005, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam trnh Th tng Chnh ph kt qu nghin cu b sung D n Lin hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn2. Ngy 18-10-2005, Th tng Chnh ph giao B K hoch v u t thm nh Bo co nghin cu b sung D n Lin hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn3. Ngy 14-2-2006, Th tng Chnh ph ng a D n Lin hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn vo danh mc cc d n c bit khuyn khch u t v ng vi xut ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam v iu kin ku gi u t D n4. Ngy 23-1-2006, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam k tho thun hp tc trin khai D n Lin hp lc - ha du Nghi Sn vi Tp on Idemitsu Kosan (Nht Bn). Sau mt thi gian tm i tc v cng thay i nhiu phng n i tc lin doanh, n thng 5-2008 thnh lp c Cng ty Lin doanh lc - ha du Nghi Sn vi s tham gia ca cc i tc Nht Bn v Cot, c th l KPI (Cot) 35,1%, IKC (Nht Bn) 35,1%, MCI (Nht Bn) 4,7% v Petrovietnam 25,1%. Vn u t d kin 7,34 t USD v cng sut nh my 9,7 triu tn du th, ch yu nhp t Cot. D kin Nh my s i vo vn hnh trong nhng nm 2014-2015. 2.2. D n Lin hp lc - ha du Long Sn, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu Ngy 14-11-2003, Vn phng Chnh ph thng bo5 v Kt lun ca Th tng Chnh ph ti Hi ngh pht trin kinh t vng ng Nam B n nm 2010, trong Th tng khng nh: t Nh my lc du s 3 ti B Ra - Vng Tu l v tr la chn tt nht trong s cc a im kho st v giao cho cc b: Cng nghip, Xy dng, K hoch v u t cng vi Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam trin khai nghin cu bo co B Chnh tr. Ngy 5-7-2004, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam bo co Th tng Chnh ph6, v tnh hnh nghin cu u t D n Nh my lc du s 3. Trn c s xut ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh giao Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam tip tc nghin cu xc nh quy m v nh
1. Cng vn s 52/TB-VPCP ngy 23-3-2005 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 2. Cng vn s 5525/CV-HQT ngy 10-10-2005 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. 3. Cng vn s 5987/VPCP-DK ngy 18-10-2005 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 4. Cng vn s 250/TTg-DK ngy 14-2-2006 ca Th tng Chnh ph. 5. Cng vn s 14/TB-VPCP, ngy 14-11-2003 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 6. Cng vn s 3365/CV-HQT ngy 5-7-2004 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam.
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Kho st a im xy dng T hp lc - ha du Long Sn, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu
hng c cu sn phm ti u v a im t nh my ti pha Nam bo co Th tng Chnh ph xem xt quyt nh1. Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam giao nhim v nghin cu ny cho Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin Ch bin du kh thc hin, vi s tham gia ca cc chuyn gia ca mt s b, ngnh c lin quan. Sau 6 thng thc hin, kt qu nghin cu c Hi ng Nghim thu cc cp chp thun. Ngy 23-6-2005, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam bo co Th tng Chnh ph kt qu nghin cu v kin ngh Th tng cho php lp Bo co u t xy dng Nh my lc du s 3 vi quy m cng sut 7-9 triu tn/nm ti o Long Sn, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu. Ngun du th s kt hp t trong nc v nc ngoi. Sn phm c cht lng ph hp vi yu cu ca Vit Nam v theo hng nng cao cht lng tng ng cc nc trong khu vc v trn th gii. Hnh thc u t lin doanh hoc 100% vn nc ngoi2. Ph Th tng Thng trc Nguyn Tn Dng giao B K hoch v u t thnh lp T chuyn gia thm nh kt qu nghin cu la chn v tr v quy
1. Thng bo s 4928/VPCP-DK ngy 16-9-2004 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. 2. T trnh s 3289/TT- HQT ngy 23-6-2005 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam.
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m, nh hng sn phm Nh my lc du s 31. Ngy 14-3-2006, B K hoch v u t bo co Th tng Chnh ph kt qu thm nh v kin ngh Chnh ph cho xem xt thm 2 v tr Dc Hm (Bnh Thun) v Vng R (Ph Yn), nm ngoi khu vc Vng Tu, xem xt, la chn v tr xy dng nh my2. Trc , ngy 10-6-2006, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c Bo co gi Th tng Chnh ph v la chn a im cho d n Nh my lc du s 33. Ngy 8-9-2006, trn c s Bo co ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam v kin thm tra ca B K hoch v u t, Th tng Chnh ph ng la chn a im Long Sn lm phng n c s xy dng Nh my lc du s 3 v cho php Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam trin khai D n theo mt trong cc hnh thc lin doanh vi nc ngoi hay 100% vn nc ngoi hoc Vit Nam t u t4.
3. u t xy dng v vn hnh Nh my m Ph M
3.1. Qu trnh hnh thnh D n Vit Nam l nc nng nghip, trng la l ch yu. Nhu cu phn m rt ln v Nh nc lun quan tm n vic u t xy dng nh my sn xut phn m pht trin nng nghip. Trc nm 1975, min Bc, Nh my phn m H Bc do Trung Quc vin tr hon thnh xy lp, ang chy th th b quc M nm bom ph hoi, phi tho d mt phn thit b cng ngh chuyn v Trung Quc. Sau Hip nh Pari nm 1973 mi khi phc li, nhng sn phm ur ch p ng mt phn nhu cu ni a, cn li vn phi nhp khu. Mt d n sn xut phn m khc do Lin X gip t nm 1974, d kin cng sut 600 tn amoniac/ngy, t Ni nh - Ninh Bnh. Lc Lin X ch c cng ngh sn xut phn m t kh thin nhin, khng c cng ngh sn xut t than hay du ha nn cng ch dng li giai on lp quy hoch. Khi ging khoan 102 ti Giao Thy - Nam nh pht hin kh thin nhin p sut cao, D n ny c khi dy, k c vic tin hnh kho st tuyn ng dn kh Giao Thy - Ninh Bnh - Ni nh. D n li nm yn v khng c kh.
1. 2. 3. 4. Thng bo s 3695/VPCP-DK ngy 5-7-2005 ca Vn phng Chnh ph. T trnh s 1635/BKH-KTCN ngy 14-3-2006 ca B K hoch v u t. Cng vn s 3086/DKVN-CBDK ngy 10-6-2006 ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. Vn bn s 4999/VPCP-DK ngy 8-9-2006 ca Vn phng Chnh ph.
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min Nam, Chnh quyn Vit Nam Cng ha tin hnh D n xy dng Nh my sn xut phn m An Ha - Nng Sn Qung Nam vi vn vay ca Chnh ph Php v Chnh ph Cng ha Lin bang c. Mc d xc tin vic u t xy dng trn cng trng v mua sm thit b v tp kt Th c, nhng do hon cnh chin tranh, thit b cng p chiu nm ch. Mt s d n xy dng Nh my phn bn Vnh Long, Cn Th v Vng Tu cng ch mi trong giai on chun b. Trong giai on 1976-1990, Tng cc Du m v Kh t Vit Nam xut vi Lin X xy dng mt nh my phn m cng sut 1.000 tn amoniac/ngy trong thnh phn khu Lin hp lc - ha du 6 triu tn/nm, dng nguyn liu l naphtha hoc du cn FO, nhng Pha Lin X khuyn chng ta nn ch dng kh thin nhin. D n Lin hp lc - ha du 5 triu tn/nm ti Tnh Gia (Thanh Ha) cng c mt nh my phn m 1.000 tn amoniac/ngy, nhng D n khng tin trin c v khng dn xp c ngun ti chnh v ngun du. T nm 1986, khi X nghip Lin doanh Vietsovpetro khai thc thng mi m du Bch H th tng xy dng nh my phn m dng nguyn liu l kh ng hnh b t b, li tri dy. Ngy 4-7-1995, theo xut ca T hp cc cng ty EVN, Vinachem, Vigecam, Petrovietnam cng cc i tc nc ngoi BP, BHP, Statoil... Th tng Chnh ph cho php tin hnh nghin cu kh thi D n u t xy dng Lin hp in m ti Ph M. Lin hp gm mt nh my in cng sut 650 MW, tiu th lng kh khong 780 triu m3/nm, theo phng thc BOT; v mt nh my phn m cng sut 740.000 tn ur/nm, tiu th 540 triu m3 kh/nm, theo phng thc lin doanh. Thng 2-1996, Quy hoch kh tng th (Master Plan) xut s dng kh sn xut phn m vi cng sut 330.000 tn amoniac/nm v 574.000 tn ur/ nm, vn u t khong 370 triu USD. Trn c s phn tch nhu cu th trng, gi c, cc tc gi Quy hoch kh tng th kt lun, IRR ca D n phi t khong 15% mi hp dn cc nh u t. Ngy 20-3-1996, Th tng Chnh ph V Vn Kit ch o Chng trnh Kh 1996-2000, ng Petrovietnam tham gia D n sn xut phn m trong T
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hp in - m vi cc i tc nc ngoi, s dng kh ng hnh m Bch H, tin hnh lp Bo co nghin cu kh thi (FS)1. Ngy 18-6-1996, Th tng Chnh ph ch o B Cng nghip, EVN x l k Hp ng BOT Nh my in Ph M 3 trong thnh phn T hp kh in - m. Ti k hp th 2 Quc hi kha X, D n m Ph M cng sut 1.350 tn amoniac/ngy v 740.000 tn ur/nm vi v tr l cng trnh trng im quc gia c thng qua trong T hp kh - in - m B Ra - Vng Tu2. D n Nh my sn xut phn m Ph M c Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam cng cc i tc trong nc (Tng cng ty Ha cht Vit Nam Vinachem, Tng cng ty Vt t nng nghip - Vigecam) v cc i tc nc ngoi (BP-Statoil v BHP/AGRIUM) khi xng v m phn thnh lp Lin doanh thc hin t nm 1996. Mt s cng vic nh la chn a im, lp Bo co nghin cu kh thi c tin hnh. Trong qu trnh trnh duyt Bo co nghin cu kh thi, thng tho hp ng lin doanh, dn xp ti chnh, cc bn khng t c s nht tr, cng nh cc xut v u i khng c chp nhn; v vy, D n phi tm dng. Cui nm 2000, trc yu cu cn sn xut phn m trong nc phc v nng nghip, bo m an ninh lng thc v a dng ha vic s dng kh thin nhin, Chnh ph quyt nh giao cho Petrovietnam t u t D n m Ph M3.
ng Ng Thng San, nguyn Tng Gim c, nguyn y vin Thng trc Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam nh li: y l mt d n gp nhiu kh khn, trc tr. Cc i tc trong v ngoi nc u khng thun; khng t kin trong v ngoi Petrovietnam phn i, cho rng: D n s khng c hiu qu, thua l. Cho nn, i vi Chnh ph, y l mt quyt nh kh khn nhng th hin s quyt tm cao. C vn Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng lc by gi l cc ng ch Mi v V Vn Kit cng by t s ng h mnh m v ng tnh cao vi quyt nh ca Chnh ph cho php Petrovietnam t u t D n m Ph M.
1. Cng vn s 34/TB ngy 14-4-1996 ca B trng - Ch nhim Vn phng Hi ng B trng L Xun Trinh. 2. Ngh quyt s 06/1997/QH10 do Ch tch Quc hi Nng c Mnh k. 3. Cng vn s 178/TB-VPCP ngy 27-12-2000 ca Vn phng Chnh ph.
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3.2. Trin khai D n Bo co nghin cu kh thi ca D n c Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt, gm cc ni dung chnh1: - Tn d n: Nh my sn xut phn m Ph M. - Mc tiu u t: Bo m s n nh v ch ng cung cp ngun phn m cho pht trin nng nghip. - Ch u t: Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. - Hnh thc u t: D n c thc hin theo hnh thc t u t. - Ngun cung cp kh: Kh dng lm nguyn liu cho nh my l kh ng hnh ca b Cu Long v kh thin nhin t cc b trm tch khc thuc thm lc a pha Nam Vit Nam. - Sn phm: Ur ht v amoniac lng. Sn phm ca nh my c u tin s dng cho nhu cu ca th trng trong nc. Phn sn phm d tha s c xut khu. Cht lng sn phm tiu th trong nc theo tiu chun cht lng ca Vit Nam. i vi cc sn phm xut khu phi p ng cc yu cu cht lng xut khu. - Cng sut thit k: 1.350 tn amoniac/ngy v 2.200 tn ur/ngy (tng ng 740.000 tn/nm). - a im xy dng: Ti Khu cng nghip Ph M 1 thuc huyn Tn Thnh, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu. - Din tch chim t: 58 ha, bao gm: Nh my chnh 45 ha, h thng bng ti vn chuyn thnh phm ra cng xut 3 ha, din tch d kin m rng trong tng lai 10 ha. - Cng ngh v thit b: p dng cng ngh tin tin ang c s dng rng ri trn th gii, i vi cc phn xng cng ngh chnh sau y: Phn xng sn xut amoniac s dng cng ngh ca Haldor Topsoe (an Mch); Phn xng sn xut ur s dng cng ngh ca Snamprogetti (Italia); Cng sut ca cc phn xng cng ngh c xc nh da theo tnh cht kh nguyn liu, yu cu v cht lng v c cu sn phm.
1. Quyt nh s 166/Q-TTg ngy 20-2-2001 ca Th tng Chnh ph.
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- Cc hng mc ph tr ca Nh my: H thng tip nhn kh nguyn liu l ng ng dn kh; trm pht in 31 MW; h thng cp kh tr; h thng nhin liu; h thng uc t; h thng thng tin, tn hiu; h thng an ton v phng, chng chy; h thng vn chuyn v tng tr sn phm; v h thng cc cng trnh dch v, nh xng. - H thng xut sn phm: Trong giai on u sn phm ca nh my c xut qua cng ca Cng ty B Ra Serece1. - Tng vn u t v ngun vn: Tng vn u t D n tm tnh khong 486 triu USD (mc gi nm 2000), bao gm c vn lu ng, li vay trong thi gian xy dng v ph thu xp ti chnh. Tng vn u t phi c chun xc li c th trn c s thit k chi tit, tng d ton v cc hp ng vay vn trong v ngoi nc. Ngun vn: vn gp, s dng vn ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c Nh nc cho php li t tin li bn du th trin khai cc hot ng du kh trong giai on 2001-2005 khong 216 triu USD; vn vay nc ngoi theo hnh thc tr chm khong 170 triu USD; phn vn cn li c huy ng t cc ngun trong nc v nc ngoi. - Tin thc hin: Khi cng xy dng nm 2001, hon thnh nm 2004. - Phng thc t chc qun l thc hin D n: Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam thnh lp Ban Qun l D n trc thuc Tng cng ty t chc trin khai xy dng nh my theo phng thc Ch u t iu hnh D n nh quy nh ti Ngh nh s 52/1999/N-CP ca Chnh ph v qun l u t v xy dng. - Cc quy nh khc i vi D n: Ch u t c php s dng kt qu u thu EPC (E: thit k, P: mua sm v C: xy lp) m T hp in - m thc hin trc y v mi nh thu EPC c d kin la chn cho D n m Ph M thuc D n T hp in - m trc y vo m phn k hp ng trn c s tun th cc cam kt cho v k thut, thng mi v thu xp ti chnh cho phn vn vay ca D n; Ch u t c php thu t vn ti chnh, t vn qun l d n, t chc ng kim trong v ngoi nc t vn cho vic qun l d n trong thi gian xy dng, thu xp vn vay nc ngoi, kim tra, gim st thc hin hp ng, cung cp chng ch cht lng, nghim thu v bn giao cng trnh; Ch u t c k hoch o to cn b k thut, cn b qun l v cng nhn k thut trong nc v nc ngoi trong tng mc u t kh nng
1. Thc t, sn phm phn m ca Nh my ngay t u c xut thng qua cng PTSC ca Petrovietnam.
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tip thu chuyn giao cng ngh v t vn hnh nh my lu di. Trong nhng nm u nh my mi i vo sn xut, cho php Ch u t thu mt s chuyn gia nc ngoi tr gip vn hnh nh my; cho php tnh gi kh i vi D n trn c s: Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam t cn i t ngun kh ng hnh b Cu Long 1,3 USD/triu BTU cho 10 nm u v 1,7 USD/triu BTU cho 10 nm tip theo; trng hp cn ngun kh ng hnh vo nhng nm cui ca D n, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam khng th t cn i c gi kh thp cho m na th xut cc gii php trnh Th tng Chnh ph xem xt quyt nh; cho php D n c hng cc u i ti a quy nh trong Lut Khuyn khch u t trong nc v Ngh nh s 51/1999/N-CP ngy 8-7-1999 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit thi hnh Lut Khuyn khch u t trong nc (sa i) theo Ngh quyt s 03/1998/QH10. Sau khi Lun chng kh thi c ph duyt, D n nhanh chng c trin khai thc hin vi tin khn trng bo m nm 2004 a nh my vo vn hnh. Ngy 27-2-2001, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam quyt nh thnh lp Ban Qun l D n Nh my m Ph M trc thuc Tng cng ty do ng B Vn T lm Trng ban1. Ngy 6-3-2001, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam thnh lp Ban Ch o v T m phn D n. Ngy 12-3-2001, L ng th trin khai D n vi s hin din ca Th tng Chnh ph Phan Vn Khi c t chc. T ngy 15-3-2001, bt u m phn Hp ng EPC vi T hp nh thu Technip (Italia)/Samsung Engineering v hp ng mua bn quyn cng ngh vi hng Haldor Topsoe (an Mch) v SnamProgetti (Italia). Qu trnh m phn hp ng ch ko di 3 thng. Trong thi gian , mt s iu chnh ca Bo co kh thi c trnh Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam xem xt v n ngy 15-6-2001, cng vi vic Hi ng Qun tr ph duyt cc iu chnh , gim vn u t xung cn 445 triu USD th ng thi, c y quyn ca Tng Gim c Petrovietnam, Ban Qun l D n t chc k hp ng giao thu EPC v hp ng mua cc bn quyn cng ngh vi cc i tc. T thng 7-2001 lp h s mi thu thu t vn tr gip qun l d n, tin hnh mi thu, la chn t vn. Ngy 12-9-2001, hp ng thu t vn qun l d n vi SNC-Lavalin c k kt. u nm 2001 bt u m phn vay vn v ngy 18-12-2001 k Hp ng vay vn vi t hp cc ngn hng trong nc do Vietcombank ng u.
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Ngy 21-8-2001, hp ng EPC c hiu lc. Ngy 20-9-2001, Tng thu khi cng san lp mt bng. Ngy 5-8-2002, Thit k k thut v tng d ton c Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ph duyt1. Ngy 5-3-2003 chy th h thng ph tr v ngy 25-12-2003 bt u cp kh chy th Nh my. Ngy 4-6-2004, c sn phm ur u tin. Ngy 21-9-2004 k bn giao s b Nh my (PAC) vi sn lng t c l 104.661 tn ur, 14.280 tn amoniac cha trong bn (chim 60% sc cha ca bn) v chnh thc a Nh my vo sn xut thng mi. Ngy 8-12-2004, Hi ng Nghim thu Nh nc k Bin bn nghim thu cng trnh. 3.3. Khnh thnh Nh my Ngy 15-12-2004, L khnh thnh Nh my m Ph M c t chc; Th tng Chnh ph Phan Vn Khi tham d v ct bng khnh thnh Nh my.
Ton cnh Nh my m Ph M, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu

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Th tng Chnh ph Phan Vn Khi ti L khnh thnh Nh my m Ph M, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu
Ngy 21-9-2006, ht thi hn bo hnh. Ngy 19-12-2006, Bn quyt ton cng trnh c Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ph duyt vi tng vn u t l 380 triu USD.
D n Nh my m Ph M c nh gi l rt thnh cng. Ln u tin mt cng trnh trng im nm trong Chng trnh kh - in - m ca Nh nc t c c 3 mc tiu: cht lng, tin v hiu qu. Nh my m Ph M s dng cc cng ngh tin tin sn xut amoniac ca hng Haldor Topsoe (an Mch) v sn xut ur ca SnamProgetti (Italia), thit b hin i ca cc nc G7 v EU theo tiu chun quc t, khi chy th l ra c sn phm t tiu chun cht lng v t cng sut thit k. Cc trng Cc Gim nh Cht lng cc cng trnh xy dng thuc B Xy dng, Trn Chng nh gi: Nh my m Ph M l cng trnh t cht lng xy dng s 1 hin nay. Tin xy dng c hon thnh trong 34 thng. Chi ph u t 380 triu USD; so vi Tng d ton c duyt l 445 triu USD, th tit kim c 65 triu USD; so vi hn mc u t l 486 triu USD th tit kim c 106 triu USD. Ch sau 5 nm i vo hot ng, Nh my thu hi vn v tr ht n vn vay. Ban Qun l D n Nh my c Ch tch nc tng thng Hun chng Lao ng hng Ba.
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4. u t xy dng cc d n ha du khc
4.1. D n Lin doanh sn xut DOP (sau l Cng ty Lin doanh LG Ha cht Vit Nam) Thng 3-1995, Petrovietnam bt u tham gia D n Lin doanh sn xut DOP cng vi Tng cng ty Ha cht Vit Nam, Cng ty LG Ha cht, Cng ty LG Thng mi thuc Tp on LG. Tuy nhin, mt vic khng thun xy ra l, cng mt ngy 22-6-1995, y ban Nh nc v Hp tc v u t cp lin 3 giy php cho 3 t hp i tc khc nhau cng u t trin khai 3 d n sn xut DOP vi cng mt cng sut 30.000 tn/nm, trong khi nhu cu trong nc lc by gi cha n 15.000 tn/nm. Thng 10-1997, Lin doanh sn xut DOP cng sut 30.000 tn/nm vi vn u t 12,5 triu USD gia LG (50%), Vinachem (35%) v Petrovietnam (15%) bt u i vo vn hnh. Nguyn liu nhp l phthalic anhydrid (PA) v 2-ethyl1-hexanol (2-EH). Vic ra i v tn ti ca Cng ty Lin doanh LG Vinachem cng gp phi khng t nhng kh khn. Kh khn ln nht vn l chnh sch bo h cha r rng ca Nh nc thng qua cc sc thu, nht l thu nhp khu. V vic ny, cc nc lng ging cng nh cc nc pht trin u c mt l trnh r rng cho ngnh Ha du. Tuy nhin, sau 4 nm phn u tn ti, k t nm 2001, Lin doanh LG Vinachem hot ng khi sc hn ln. Mc li rng thu c hng nm khng di 1,5 triu USD. 4.2. D n Nh my ch bin condensat Th Vi, B Ra - Vng Tu Vn s dng condensat m Bch H c quan tm t lu. Lc u chun b cho d n xy dng mt xng ch bin condensat, Cng ty Lc - ha du tin hnh thu thp thng tin th trng v nhu cu dung mi ca Vit Nam, nht l pha Nam. Cng ty cng ly mu condensat m Bch H tin hnh chng ct, nh gi c th v cc phn on, sang c s ca CPC i Loan tham quan Nh my ch bin condensat ca h. Mc du vy, do nhiu nguyn nhn, D n xy dng Xng ch bin condensat khng c Cng ty Lc - ha du trin khai. Nm 1999, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam giao li cho Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm kh (PVGC) trin khai D n xy dng Nh my ch bin condensat. Thng 9-1999, Idemitsu Kosan Corporation (IKC) c PVGC chn k hp ng lm t vn thit k d n. Ngy 5-3-2001, PVGC
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k hp ng EPCC vi T hp nh thu CTCI (i Loan) v ECC 45.1 (LilamaVit Nam). Thng 4-2001, L khi cng D n xy dng Nh my ch bin condensat Th Vi c PVGC phi hp vi cc nh thu EPCC tin hnh.
T nm 2003, theo quyt nh ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam, D n xy dng Nh my ch bin condensat Th Vi c chuyn giao t PVGC sang Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn phm du m (PVPDC), do ng ng Th Hng lm Gim c, qun l v tip tc trin khai. Thng 7-2003, sau khi hon thnh xy lp, Nh my c chy th (commisioning); n thng 3-2004 Nh my ch bin condensat Th Vi chnh thc c a vo hot ng thng mi, c cng sut 130.000 tn xng/nm v mt s sn phm khc; vn u t l 17 triu USD. Sau khi PVPDC sp nhp vi Petechim hnh thnh PV Oil, Nh my ch bin condensat Th Vi c chuyn giao cho PV Oil qun l v iu hnh. 4.3. D n sn xut Polypropylen Dung Qut, tnh Qung Ngi D n ny da vo ngun propylen ca Nh my lc du Dung Qut vi cng sut khong 150.000 tn/nm. Mt thi gian di Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ch trng tm i tc lin doanh, nhng khng c kt qu kh quan, v vy, Tng cng ty quyt nh t u t. Vic xy dng Nh my do Ban Qun l Nh my lc du Dung Qut thc hin. Nh my Polypropylen nm ngay cnh Nh my lc du Dung Qut, ti huyn Bnh Sn, tnh Qung Ngi v do Cng ty Lc - ha du Bnh Sn qun l. Vn u t cho nh my khong 234 triu USD.
L k hp ng EPCC trin khai D n xy dng Nh my ch bin condensat Th Vi, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu (ngy 5-3-2001)
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Ngy 15-7-2010, sau khi hon thnh cng tc xy lp, Nh my Polypropylen c sn phm u tin v ngy 25-8-2010, Nh my c khnh thnh v bn giao cho Bn vn hnh.
4.4. D n sn xut si Polyester, nh V, Hi Phng Khi D n Lc - ha du Thnh Tuy H c nguy c b nh ch, Ban Qun l cng trnh hp tc vi Cng ty Tomen (Nht Bn) v Tng cng ty Dt may Vit Nam xc tin D n Nh my sn xut si Polyester s dng mt bng Thnh Tuy H trn c s nhp khu nguyn liu TPA v EG hoc ht PES. V sau, Tng cng ty Dt may Vit Nam mun a D n ra Hi Phng. Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam giao cho Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin Ch bin du kh nghin cu lp Lun chng tin kh thi, tuy nhin, D n vn khng tin trin c. D n si Polyester hp tc gia Cng ty Lc - ha du v Tng cng ty Dt may Vit Nam vi Cng ty Hwa Long (i Loan) theo hng lin doanh cng khng thnh cng. Nhng sau Hwa Long xy dng nh my si Polyester ti Thnh Tuy H (nay l Khu cng nghip Nhn Trch). Sau ny Petrovietnam tip tc hp tc vi Tng cng ty Dt may Vit Nam (Vinatex) lp Cng ty c phn sn xut x si polyester (PVTEX) Khu cng nghip nh V, Hi Phng, cng sut 170.000 tn x si/nm v vn u t 325 triu USD. Petrovietnam gi 81% c phn. Nguyn liu nhp khu l acid terephthalic (PTA) v monoethylenglycol (MEG).
D kin Nh my i vo vn hnh nm 2011.
4.5. D n Nh my m C Mau D n ny nm trong cm D n Kh - in - m C Mau nhm s dng kh thin nhin t cc m vng bin Ty Nam. Cng sut ca Nh my l 800.000 tn ur/nm v u t khong 900 triu USD. Cm cng trnh ny c khi ng t nhng nm u tin ca th k XXI, tuy nhin, do nhiu nguyn nhn khc nhau lm cho tin b chm. D kin nm 2012, Nh my phn m C Mau s i vo vn hnh. 4.6. D n T hp ha du pha Nam T hp ho du pha Nam l mt trong nhng d n quan trng u tin ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam trong lnh vc ho du theo Chin lc pht
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trin.... Vic xy dng D n c t ra t nhng nm 1990, nhng phi n nm 2005, sau khi chnh thc trin khai xy dng Nh my lc du Dung Qut, th D n T hp ha du pha Nam mi c iu kin xc tin. Xut pht t c th ca cc d n ho du vn c cng ngh phc tp hn rt nhiu so vi lc du, i hi vn u t ln v phi c nguyn liu c th trong khi Vit Nam cha c kinh nghim xy dng, qun l v vn hnh cc loi cng trnh ny nn ngay t nhng ngy u, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam (Petrovietnam) ch trong vic chn la i tc cng tham gia D n. Sau mt thi gian di nghin cu, xc tin trao i, ngy 24-10-2005, Petrovietnam cng vi Tng cng ty Ha cht Vit Nam (Vinachem) v cc i tc Pha Thi Lan gm Cng ty trch nhim hu hn Ha cht VINA SCG (VINA SCG Chemicals) v Cng ty Nha v Ha cht Thi Lan (TPC) k Bn ghi nh hp tc lp Bo co v kh nng hp tc u t xy dng T hp ha du min Nam Vit Nam. Sau khi c kt qu nghin cu ca nhm cng tc chung do cc Bn tham gia cng thnh lp vo thng 10-2006, Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ph duyt ch trng u t xy dng T hp ha du min Nam Vit Nam1; v thay mt cc Bn tham gia D n, Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam c T trnh s 5563/TTr-DKVN ngy 20-10-2006 gi Th tng Chnh ph xin php u t trin khai D n. Theo quy nh mi ca Lut u t, v cng tc qun l u t xy dng c bn, Vn phng Chnh ph chuyn T trnh ca Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam ti Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh B Ra - Vng Tu xem xt, x l. Ngy 8-12-2006, cc Bn tham gia k Bn ghi nh hp tc (MOU) v vic cng lp Bo co nghin cu kh thi chi tit (DFS) v thnh lp lin doanh u t xy dng T hp ha du min Nam Vit Nam.
1. Ngh quyt s 5541/NQ-DKVN ngy 20-10-2006 ca Hi ng Qun tr Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam.
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I. HOT NG THU GOM, VN CHUYN, X L V PHN PHI KH

Lch s nganh Dau kh Viet Nam

Phn th ba: TNG CNG TY DU KH VIT NAM...

2. u t xy dng cc cng trnh thu gom, vn chuyn v ch bin kh m Bch H

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Lch s nganh Dau kh Viet Nam

Phn th ba: TNG CNG TY DU KH VIT NAM...

- a im xy dng H thng ni trn bao gm: khu vc m Bch H, tuyn

M - Th c, nh my phn m, nh my tch kh ha lng xut khu.

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L n nhn dng kh u tin vo b c t

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Lch s nganh Dau kh Viet Nam

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Lch s nganh Dau kh Viet Nam

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Lch s nganh Dau kh Viet Nam

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Ton cnh Nh my x l kh Dinh C, tnh B Ra - Vng Tu

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3. Hot ng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l v phn phi kh Nam Cn Sn

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Chng 8: TRIN KHAI CC N KH V...

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