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45B, 2020 Khoa Công khí nguyenkhoatrieu@iuh.edu.vn khóa. N . Abstract. In this article, the authors synthesized and analyzed research papers that dealt with the fabrication and characterization of starch-based bioplastics. As the first step, some fruit-seeds were investigated for starch supply ability. Results revealed that compared to durian-seed and avocado-seed, jack fruit-seed had the highest starch ratio. Furthermore, it was not only easy to collect but also cheap or even free of charge. Afterward, a starch-based bioplastic fabrication procedure was synthesized from the literature review. From preliminary tests, plasticizers were sufficiently selected, including H 2O, glycerol, natri bicarbonate and acid citric. Four kinds of bioplastic utilizing different combinations of these plasticizers were then fabricated to study the effect of them as well as characterize the properties of the corresponding bioplastics. After that, based on ASTM D412 type A standard, a mold and a cutting tool for dog-bone sample making were designed and fabricated. Using these dog-bone samples, tensile results showed that the hardness of the fabricated bioplastic was positively proportional to the ratio of the starch. It is worth noting that the plasticizing was not able to completely occur with too much percentage of starch. While bioplastics were currently made with poor mechanical properties compared to petroleum-based resins, their environmental compatibility and high potential added value promise to be the materials of the future. Keywords. Bioplastic, Starch extraction, Jack-fruit seed, Plasticizer, Thermoplastic, Environmental compatibility. 1 [1] © 2020 Thành 58 NGHIÊN protein [1]. [2, 3] [1, 3] [1] (CO2 [2]. các lo i polymer s n xu t t tài nguyên có th tái t o [1] [4, 5] [4] [2] - [1, 2] © 2020 Thành 59 [4] [4] chúng. 4 PLA có [4]. [6, 7] nh Favis [8] [10] [11] tác [12-14] [17, 18] [19, 20] [2, 21, 22] [15, 16], [23, 24] Lan [25] [26] ay HDPE. [27] phosphate và citrates. Fridman và Sorokina [28] [29] [30] [31] [32]. t. X. Q. Mo và X. Z. Sun [33] [34] thì d [35] [36] © 2020 [1]. Thành 60 NGHIÊN [37, 38]. [39] - [41]. Công [41] [41]. nhiên [42]. t cao 2 V T LI 2.1 V t li u: a. H t mít [2]. Trong [2]. Hàm l [2] ác nhóm hydroxyl [2]. b. Glycerol (292 C © 2020 n hóa quá trình lipid hóa (triglyceride) thành acid béo Thành 61 [1]. c. Acid citric - plasticized thermoplastic starch (SEM). acid citric (hình 2). Các [43]. Hình 2. Liên k t gi a phân t acid citric, glycerol và tinh b t [43] © 2020 Thành 62 NGHIÊN cellulose này glycerol, polyethylen glycol [44]. d. Baking soda 3 natri metabisulfite (Na2S2O5 [45]. 2.2 , B ng 1. T l thành ph n nguyên li u các m u nh a Thành ph n Tinh b t Acid citric Baking Soda Tinh b t Glycerol Tinh b t+Glycerol Tinh b t+Glycerol H 2O 3.0:1 1 5 12.5 2.75:1 100 100 100 3.5:1 T l 2.5:1 © 2020 Thành 63 B ng 2. Kh ng nguyên li u các m u nh a Tinh b t h t mít (g) Glycerol (g) Acid citric (g) Baking Soda (g) H 2O (g) M u1 20 5.71 0.25 1.28 160 M u2 20 6.67 0.26 1.33 160 M u3 20 7.27 0.27 1.36 160 M u4 20 8.00 0.28 1.40 160 Thành Ph n M u nh a [16] 0 (SCILOGEX model MS-H-S) , 0 © 2020 Thành 64 NGHIÊN Hình 5. Khay nh c ph lên l p màng PE Hình 7. Cho khay vào t s y 55 0C Hình 6. H n h p nh a d c tráng b ng trên khay Hình 8. Nh a sinh h c sau khi s y khô 3 U - CAN DYNATEX INC TYPE UT a. D p c t m u Hình 9. M © 2020 Thành b. M c d p trên máy t 65 4 K T QU VÀ TH O LU N , M u nh a t. Nguyên nhân T l 2.5:1 T l 2.75:1 T l 3.0:1 T l 3.5:1 ng su 3.39 4.34 4.00 5.15 Bi n d 0.29 0.13 0.33 0.25 12.70 33.38 12.43 20.06 29.13 12.60 33.33 25.20 1.375 1.350 1.403 1.410 Thông s Mô- i E (MPa) giãn dài A (%) T tr ng Density (g/cm3) © 2020 Thành 66 NGHIÊN và ngoài 30% glycerol. Còn c 4.87 5 K T LU N cellulose P © 2020 Thành 67 bên trong, [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] T. Mekonnen, P. Mussone, H. Khalil, and D. Bressler, "Progress in bio-based plastics and plasticizing modifications," Journal of Materials Chemistry A, vol. 1, pp. 13379-13398, 2013. R. F. Santana, R. C. F. Bonomo, O. R. R. Gandolfi, L. B. Rodrigues, L. S. Santos, A. C. dos Santos Pires, et al., "Characterization of starch-based bioplastics from jackfruit seed plasticized with glycerol," Journal of Food Science and Technology, vol. 55, pp. 278-286, 2018. M. Rosseto, D. D. C. Krein, N. P. Balbé, and A. 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