Ci t SQL Server 2008

Qun Tr Mng - Trc khi ci t SQL Server 2008 bn cn phi chc chn rng my ca bn s p ng c cc yu cu i vi SQL Server 2008. C rt nhiu cc yu cu khc nhau v SQL Server 2008 m my phi p ng, n ph thuc vo phin bn SQL Server bn ang ci t v nn tng h iu hnh ang s dng. Trc khi ci t SQL Server 2008, bn nn xem li trang web sau y xc nh cc ci t my ng cho mi trng ca bn: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms143506.aspx. Mc ch ca bi vit ny s ci t mt phin bn nh gi ca SQL Server 2008 Enterprise Edition. T cc c s h thng iu hnh ny, chng ti s ci t SQL Server trn phin bn Windows 2003 Enterprise Edition SP1. My trong v d ny cng c ci t cu hnh vi cc a C, D, E, F, G; chng ta s s dng cc a khc nhau t cc thnh phn khc nhau ca SQL Server. Qu trnh ci t ban u Ln u tin cho a CD SQL Server 2008 vo a ca bn, n s t ng khi ng qu trnh thit lp cho SQL Server 2008. Nu ci t khng bt u bn c th tm tp tin setup.exe v chy n. Khi bt u qu trnh ci t n s kim tra my tnh m bo .Net Framework v mt bn copy update ca b ci t Windows ang trn my tnh ca bn. Nu qu trnh ny khng xy ra trn my tnh, n s yu cu thit lp ci t trc khi ci t SQL Sever 2008. Khi bn ci t y th my s yu cu khi ng li trc khi c th tin hnh ci t SQL Server 2008. Mt khi my tnh c tt c cc iu kin thch hp th n s tin hnh ci t v qu trnh thit lp s nh sau:

Trn ca s ny bn c th thy c mt s la chn khc nhau c th s dng. C cc items khc nhau ca SQL Server 2008 c th chn khung bn phi nm trong mt item khung bn tri chn. Trong trng hp v d ny, hin ti ang chn item Planning. Lu n c hin th trong font ch m. ci t SQL Server 2008, bn s cn phi bm vo "installation". Khi mn hnh hin th:

Trn ca s ny bn cng c th c mt s s la chn khc nhau lin quan n ci t SQL Server. Tin trnh ci t SQL Server 2008. Khi nhn vo "New SQL Server stand-alone installation or add features to an existing installation" (SQL Server ci t n gin hoc thm cc tnh nng thit lp ci t) mt lot cc qu trnh s chy v mt s hp thoi s c hin th cho php cu hnh SQL Server 2008 theo cch bn mun. Trong SQL Server 2008 mt s ty chn cu hnh mi hin th trong qu trnh ci t, m trong phin bn trc khng c. Sau click vo "New SQL Server stand-alone installation" my s thit lp qu trnh kim tra xc minh rng h thng ca bn c thit lp ng. u tin l kim tra cu hnh h thng. Sau mi qu trnh kim tra quy trnh, bn c mt bo co tm tt ni h thng hp quy cch hay cha. Trong bo co , bn c cc ty chn xem mt bo co chi tit v tng quy tc. Bn nn xem bo co quy tc chi tit xc minh bo co. Nu tm thy mt quy tc cn phi c cha li, bn s cn phi gii quyt vn v sau kim tra li quy tc. Ca s tip theo hin th: "Product Key". Trn ca s ny, bn s cn phi chn phin bn mun ci t v nhp Product Key. Danh sch cc phin bn hin th s ph thuc vo nhng phng tin m bn s dng ci t. Chn phin bn ph hp, nhp key v sau bm vo nt "Next". Tip theo l ca s hin th iu khon v giy php "License Terms". Trn mn hnh ny bn nn c cc iu khon giy php. Nu ng vi cc iu khon cp php th bn click vo chp nhn v n nt "Next" chuyn sang ci t. Tip theo, bn s c nhc nh ci t cc tp tin ci. Click vo nt "Install" bt u qu trnh ci t file. Sau khi tt c cc file c ci t, mt bn tm tt ca qu trnh thit lp ci t s c a ra. Nu tt c cc iu kin thit lp cn thit c , bn s cho php tin hnh ci t, nu khng bn s cn phi khc phc nhng vn trong bo co v chy li vic ci t thit lp. Mt ln na qu trnh ny thit lp mt ng link bn c th xem li cc chi tit ca vic ci t thit lp. Bn nn xem li cc chi tit trc khi tin hnh, bit chnh xc v mi quy tc ci t. Mt khi sn sng ci t bn nhp vo nt "Next". Mt ca s hin ra:

Ca s mn hnh hin th tnh nng khc nhau ca SQL Server 2008 m bn c th ci t. y bn s bm vo cc thch hp cho cc tnh nng mun ci t. Vi mc ch ca bi vit ny chng ti s ch chn "Database Engine Services", "SQL Server Books Online", "Management Tools - Basic", v "Management Tools -Complete". Ngoi ra, cng trn mn hnh ny bn c th chn th mc cha cc file ci t ny. Trong trng hp v d ny, ci t cc tnh nng c trn a E. Sau khi tt c cc tnh nng c chn, v bn xc nh v tr ni mun cc tnh nng chia s c ci t, bn c th sau nhp vo nt "Next" tin hnh. Ca s sau s hin ra:

Trn ca s ch r bn c hay khng ci t default instance hoc l mt named instance, bn t in ID ca ring mnh v th mc gc cha ci . Trong v d ny, ci t mc nh l default instance v nh danh cho instance ID l MSSQLSERVER. Trong phn th mc gc instance root directory, chng ti ch nh mt a im nm trong C. Mt ln na bn click vo nt Next. Tin trnh ci t s tnh ton dung lng cn trng ca a c cho nhng c tnh bn chn hay khng. Qu trnh s bo co dung lng trng cho mi a. Xem li yu cu dung lng trng ca a. Nu khng , bn cn phi ch nh mt a im khc, lc ny c th s dng nt back quay tr li v thay i a im ci t. Nu tha mn vi dung lng trng v a ch, bn clik vo nt Next. Ca s mi s hin ra:

Trn ca s ny c th s dng th "Server Accounts" ch nh ti khon m bn s s dng chy services SQL Server 2008 khc v s dng th "Collation" ch nh dy ha trn m bn mun s dng. Trong trng hp ny, chng ti chn ti khon ging nhau cho tt c services

ca SQL Server. Bi vy c th vo ti khon nhiu ln vi mi service hoc c th click vo "Use the same account for all SQL Server services" v ch nhp ti khon v mt khu mt ln duy nht. Trn mn hnh bn cn c th ch nh status mi service bn mun trong lc khi ng. S la chn ca bn l "Manual", "Automatic" hoc "Disabled". Chng ti mun h thng SQL Server Agent v SQL Server Database bt u t ng v service SQL Server Browser tr nn mt tc dng hn. ci t dy ha trn bn s dng tab "Collation". "Collation" mc nh ci t l "SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS". Bn hy click vo th Collation xc minh dy ha trn ng l ch nh trc khi tin hnh, mt ln na bn c y iu kin ci t cu hnh server, click vo nt Next qu trnh ci t c tin hnh. Ca s mi s hin ra nh sau:

Trn mn hnh, bn ch nh cc thng tin cu hnh ca c s d liu. C 3 th khc nhau thc hin: Account Provisioning, Data Directories, v FILESTREAM. trn bn c th nhn thy ty chn cu hnh "Account Provisioning". y bn c th ch nh nhng c tnh bng cch ch s dng ca s xc thc hoc bn mun chy ch hn tp h h SQL Server v ca s xc thc thng tin ng nhp. Nu chn "Mixed Mode" sau bn s cn in mt khu cho ti khon SA (khng g sai lm hn vic ti khon SA trng). Mt s thay i khc l user "BUILTIN\Administrators" khng c add thm vo theo mc nh, bi vy khng c nhiu backdoor cho thnh vin ca nhm qun tr. By gi, bn cn c th thm mt ty chn thm users m bn mun thay th trong syadmin. Bn phi t t nht mt ngi s dng y. iu ny cho php ngi s dng c th login vo SQL Server 2008 sau khi ci t hon thnh. Bn lm iu bng cch s dng nt Add thm chng trong mn hnh bn trn. Ngoi ra, bn cn c th s dng nt Add Current User thm use trong qun tr h thng. By gi c rt nhiu ty chn cho cch cu hnh th mc d liu bn mun trong ln ci t, in thng tin bn click vo Data Directories ca s trn. Mt ca s mi s hin ra:

Bn c th ch nh cc th mc khc nhau cho: user database DATA files, user database LOG files, tempdb DATA/LOG files, v back up directory. iu ny cho php tch ri d dng hn databases DATA v LOG files ca bn trn cc a khc nhau. V cng m bo system databases v files tempdb trn cc a khc nhau. Khi thc hin iu ny l bn ti u hn trong vic t cc thnh phn trong ln ci t gim tc nghn I/O. y l cch cu hnh th mc ca chng ti:

Chng ti t file user database DATA trn E, trong khi files user LOG trn G. Ngoi ra cn t tempdb DATA v LOG files trn F. iu

ny s gip bn tch ri mt vi a gia cc thnh phn. Nu mun cu hnh FILESTREAM trong sut qu trnh ci t, bn c th s dng th FILESTREAM. Thng tin bn di th ny cho php ch nh chnh xc cch m bn mun kch hot v cu hnh FILESTREAM. Mt khi hi lng vi ty chn cu hnh c s d liu, bn nhn vo nt Next. Vic lm ny s xut hin ca s "Errors and Usage Reporting" ni bn c th gi li v thng tin v tnh nng s dng cho Microsoft. Mt khi quyt nh bo co ti Microsoft s c nt Next khc click chuyn sang bc tip theo ca qu trnh ci t, l tt c xc minh ca quy nh ci t. Bn nn kim tra ca s ny xc minh rng tt c quy nh ci t u c c p ng cho mi thnh phn ci t, v sau click vo nt Next. Ti ca s ci t cui, bn c c nh gi cui cng v ty chn ci t m bn la chn. Nu c mt vi th mun thay i, bn c th s dng nt Back thay i chng. Mt khi hi lng vi cu hnh ci t, bn click vo nt install. My s bt u tin trnh ci t v ci t cc thnh phn bn la chn trong a im bn ch nh. Khi qu trnh ci t kt thc, ca s sau y s hin ra:

y, bn c th thy tt c cc thnh phn chn va c ci t thnh cng. Khi click vo nt Next, mn hnh Close c hin th, ti c th click vo nt close kt thc qu trnh ci t SQL Server 2008. Kt lun Bn c th thy c nhiu la chn khc nhau cu hnh SQL Server 2008. Hy vng rng bi vit ny s gip bn hiu r v cc ty chn khc nhau cn xem xt theo th t m bo cu hnh ci t ca bn din ra tri chy. Bn nn ln k hoch trc cho cc thnh phn ca SQL Server trn cc a khc nhau v nhng ti khon bn c hoc nhng ti khon mun s dng cho cc tnh nng khc nhau ca SQL Server. iu ny s gip bn thnh cng trong vic cu hnh SQL Server theo cch mnh mong mun trong ln ci t SQL Server 2008 ln u tin.