- OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 AND SOME IMPACTS ON SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS. - The fourth industrial revolution (abbreviated as the industrial revolution 4.0) is in the evolution phase and will affect all socio-economic sectors. - This is an unprecedented revolution in human history, and this new production revolution is expected to have a powerful impact on all nations, governments, businesses and citizens around the globe, and at the same time alter completely production and administration systems, including sustainable business.. - Keywords: the industrial revolution, sustainable business, global 1. - Overview of the industrial revolution 4.0. - The first industrial revolution appeared in the UK, breaking out around 1784. - The characteristic of this first industrial revolution was the use of water, steam and mechanized production. - This industrial revolution was marked by the milestone that James Watt invented the steam engine in 1784. - This great invention sparked the outbreak of the 19th century industrialism spreading from England to Europe and the United States. - The first industrial revolution opened a new era in human history - the era of mechanical engineering. - The first industrial revolution replaced the traditional old agricultural technique (lasted for 17 centuries), mainly based on wood, muscular strength (manual labor), water power, wind power and animal traction on a new technical system with the power of steam engines and new sources of energy, fuel and material, iron and coal. - It powers the production force to develop strongly, creating a great development of the industry and the economy. - This is the transition period from agricultural production to mechanized production based on science.. - The main economic premise of this transition stage was the victory of capitalist production relations, and the scientific premise was the creation of a new, experimental science through the revolution in science in the seventeenth century.. - The second industrial revolution came about from around 1870 until World War I broke out.. - The hallmark of the industrial revolution was the use of electrical power and the introduction of large-scale production lines. - The second industrial revolution took place with the development of the electricity, transport, chemical, steel production, and especially mass production and consumption. - The second industrial revolution has created new premises and a solid foundation to develop the industry at a higher level. - This revolution was prepared by the 100-year development of productive forces on the basis of the mechanical engineering and by the development of science on a technical basis. - Industrialization was even more widespread in Japan after the Meiji Restoration, and penetrated into Russia, which boomed in the beginning of World War I. - The third industrial revolution came about in 1969, with the advent of information technology, the use of electronics and information technology to automate production. - As a result, it changed the structure of social production as well as the correlations between the sector I (agriculture - forestry - fishery), II (industry and construction) and III (services) of the social production. - Radically altering production forces, the modern scientific and technological revolution has affected all aspects of human social life, especially in developed capitalist countries, because this is the birthplace of this revolution.. - Also known as the digital revolution with the emergence of technologies such as the Internet (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), social network, cloud computing, etc., the fourth revolution began in the early 2000s. - Currently, Industrie 4.0 has gone beyond the scope of the German project. - Now, it has become an important part of the fourth Industrial Revolution. - This revolution is expected to affect all aspects of the economic and social life such as textile and garment, footwear, services, health care, transportation. - So what is the industrial revolution 4.0?. - According to Gartner, the Industry Revolution 4.0 derives from the "Industrie 4.0". - On January 20, 2016, the 46th World Economic Forum (WEF) officially opened in the Swiss city of Davos-Klosters, under the theme "The Fourth Industrial Revolution". - The President of the World Economic Forum has come up with a new definition, which extends beyond the concept of Industrie 4.0 of Germany. - "The first industrial revolution used water and steam power to mechanize production. - Fourth Industrial Revolution is flourishing from the third revolution. - This is the concept of Klaus Schwab. - That is to say, the Industry Revolution 4.0 will take place in three main areas, including Biotechnology, Digital and Physics. - The core elements of Digital in the industrial revolution 4.0 will be: Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data. - In the field of biotechnology, the Industrial Revolution 4.0 focuses on research to create leaps in Agriculture, Fishery, Medicine, food processing, environmental protection, renewable energy, chemistry and materials. - Finally, it is the field of physics with new generation robots, 3D printers, self-driving cars, new materials (grapheme, skyrmions. - The nature of the 4th industrial revolution is based on digital technology and integrates all smart technologies to optimize production processes and methods. - The 4th industrial revolution or Industry 4.0, is the current trend of automation and data exchange in manufacturing technology. - The Fourth Industrial Revolution is not only about machines, smart and connected systems, but also of a much broader scope. - Currently, the Industry Revolution 4.0 is taking place in developed countries such as USA, Europe, part of Asia. - In addition to the new opportunities, the industrial revolution 4.0 also poses challenges for mankind to face, especially for those with a developing economy, including Vietnam.. - Some impacts of the industrial revolution 4.0 on sustainable business. - Sustainable business is considered a model of future development. - If the business goals pursued by businesses are profits as before, now sustainability and stability are key factors, because more than 200 years have passed since the invention of the steam engine, the habitat. - Therefore, in the world, countries are increasingly interested in green growth and sustainable development, in which sustainable business is a nuclear factor. - In the context of globalization today, building a sustainable business model is one of the preconditions for businesses to create and maintain their competitive advantage. - To achieve sustainable business results combined with high profit growth requires businesses to have a long-term strategy.. - Business is now diversified and developed by the integration and development of society and the economy of the world. - Every business wants to go to the sustainable business, it is the choice of many units and businesses for their successful development strategy. - The products of this business direction are always oriented towards the quality, high efficiency, safety of consumer health, price stability, ease of use and environmental protection, life quality improvement of the workers. - Sustainable business has emerged and developed around the world, bringing positive effects for businesses. - In the 4.0 era, the development of sustainable business in Vietnam needs the support from the government or the key agencies to guide step by step for small and medium businesses to be done. - The fourth industrial revolution has come. - It affects all socio-economic sectors, including sustainable business. - In my opinion, the industrial revolution 4.0 affects sustainable business in the following key areas:. - First, this industrial revolution 4.0 will have a direct impact on the production and labor force structure in the future when a robot can replace several hundreds or even thousands of workers.. - If the first industrial revolution was marked by the use of water and steam power to mechanize production, then using internal combustion engines, coal fuels and the construction of open rail lines to widen trade. - the second industrial revolution with a prominent feature is the use of electricity to serve industrial production. - the third industrial revolution - the era when people invented computers to carry out the work of mind for human, the fourth industrial revolution is the combination of technologies to blur the boundary between the physics, digital and biotechnology. - Like previous industrial revolutions, the industrial revolution 4.0 will increase income and improve the quality of life for the global population.. - Technological innovation will also improve the productivity and efficiency of the supply chain. - However, this revolution could also break the labor market, as automation replaces manual labor in the economy, as robots replace human beings in many areas, millions of workers will fall into unemployment, especially in the field of insurance, real estate brokerage, financial consulting and transportation.. - Prior to the launch of Industrial Revolution 4.0, Vietnam had an economic geography advantage and a young plentiful labour force, engaging in many global value chains at the assembly stage. - However, that the Industrial Revolution 4.0 landed would change these things, reducing the advantage of cheap labour as well as the geo- economic advantage when bringing the manufacturing industry back to developed countries close to consuming market. - Unemployment and inflation are the two most difficult issues of our country before the impact of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, which has a great impact on socio-political economy stability, sustainable development in general and sustainable business in particular. - For Vietnam, the industrial revolution 4.0 is clearly a global trend that we will be caught in. - When a worker loses his job, the life quality of the unemployed person is not guaranteed. - This cannot be called a sustainable business. - Specifically, the university and post-graduate level have 5.37 million people (accounting for 7.43% of the labor force). - There are 1.9 million (accounting for 2.63% of the labor force) people for college, 1.87 million people (accounting for 2.6% of the labor force)for primary training. - In view of the fact that Vietnam's trained labour still is lacking and weak in soft skills such as teamwork, foreign languages, critical thinking, creativity, technology adherence, etc.. - Especially, although the technical, technological and research skills that modern thinking needs, educational institutions have not yet included in the curriculum so that it can be applied immediately when under graduating. - If not corrected in time, Vietnam is difficult to catch the opportunity from the industrial revolution 4.0 in economic development. - Therefore, now the State must have synchronized policies to improve the education quality, enhance the labour quality to meet the demand of the times.. - Second, the industrial revolution 4.0 forced businesses to increase applying science and technology in production, improve product quality and competitiveness.. - Vietnam is positioning itself in the race for global competitiveness. - In particular, the business community must play an important role, even as the centre of the sustainable development goal and enhance national competitiveness.. - The essence of the application of science and technology is to increase research and application of automation in production, because we realize that automation of production processes allows cost reduction and high labor productivity, improved production conditions, ensuring stable productivity, product quality. - At the same time, automation also allows for specialization, production swap. - At the same time, automation has changed the nature of labor, improving the working conditions of workers, especially in the stages of toxicity, heavy work, tedious tasks, gradually overcoming the difference between mental labor and manual labor.. - Automation in the production process allows to meet the intensity of modern production labor. - Demand for the product will determine the level of automation required in the production process. - This factor is a good stimulus for competition in the market economy. - In fact, some Vietnamese enterprises have initially approached the achievements in science and technology both in the country and internationally, etc. - through which a number of enterprises have promoted investment in technology innovation, produced high-quality products and innovated management by applying quality management systems under international standards and Vietnamese standards to create quality products with competitiveness in the market. - However, many countries in the world have stepped into the industry 4.0 while many Vietnamese companies are using out-dated technology. - Environmental experts said that the current global trend is the green economy and low-carbon economy. - Recently, the tendency of sustainable economic development that less pollute environment is more and more attention and becomes one of the priorities of many countries in the world. - At the same time, it is necessary to improve the corporate social responsibility for environmental protection. - The important point in the environmental protection of enterprises today is the harmonious settlement between environmental protection and maximizing the interests of enterprises in business. - We are in the era of industrial revolution 4.0, the era of development based on endless energy - that is the man creation. - Moreover, in the business of businesses, it is not only the exploitation and use of resources but also the high technology application to protect the environment, creating new sources of energy and materials to replace the naturally exhausted resources to meet future long-term development.. - National Institute of Scientific and Technological Information (2017): Industrial Revolution 4.0 - Opportunities and Challenges, Financial Journal, June 1, 2017;. - Nguyen Ngoc Thuong: Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Issues with Vietnam, People's Police Journal, December 18, 2017.. - Nguyen Ngoc Khanh: Vietnamese private enterprise before the industrial revolution 4.0, Finance Journal, August 6, 2017.. - Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Fourth Industrial Revolution: Some Characteristics, Impacts and Policy Implications for Vietnam.
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