H THNG THNG TIN

QUN L

H THNG THNG TIN

QUN L
Chng I: Cc khi nim c bn v h thng
thng tin
Chng II: C s cng ngh thng tin ca h
thng thng tin
Chng III: Phn tch, thit k v ci t h
thng thng tin qun l
Chng IV: Cc h thng thng tin phc v qun
l doanh nghip

TI LIU THAM KHO

TrngVnT,TrnThSongMinh. Gio trnh

H thng thng tin qun l. NXB Thng k, H ni,
2000.
HnVitThun,Tr
ngVnT,CaonhThi,
TrnThSongMinh. Gio trnh h thng thng
tin qun l (Dng cho h cao hc v Nghin cu
sinh). NXB Lao ng-X hi, H ni, 2004.
Nguyn Vn Ba. Phn tch v thit k HTTT.
NXB i hc Quc gia H ni,2004.
NgTrungVit.T chc, qun l trong thi i
cng ngh thng tin v tri thc. Nh xut bn Bu
in.

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.1 T CHC V THNG TIN TRONG T
CHC:
1.1.1 Cc khi nim chung:
T chc: l mt h thng c to ra t cc
c th lm d dng vic t mc tiu bng
hp tc v phn cng lao ng.
Lao ng qun l: bao gm lao ng ra quyt
nh v lao ng thng tin

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
Lao ng thng tin: lao ng dnh cho vic
thu thp, lu tr, x l v phn pht thng tin
Lao ng ra quyt nh: phn lao ng ca
nh qun l t khi c thng tin n khi k ban
hnh quyt nh

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.1.2 S qun l mt t chc di gc
iu khin hc:
Thng tin t
mi trng

Thng tin tc
nghip

H
H thng
thng qun
qun l
l

i
i tng
tng qun
qun l
l

Thng tin ra
mi trng
Thng tin
quyt nh

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.1.3 Cc m hnh qun l mt t chc:

Cu trc gin n

Cu trc quan ch my mc

Cu trc chuyn mn

Cu trc phn quyn

Cu trc nhm d n

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.1.4 Cc cp qun l trong mt t chc:

Cp chin lc

Cp chin thut

Cp tc nghip

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.1.4 Cc cp qun l trong mt t chc:

Quyt nh
Quyt nh
Quyt nh
tin

Cp
chin lc

Thng tin

Cp chin
thut

Thng tin

Cp tc nghip

X l giao dch
D liu
D liu

Thng

D liu

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.1.5 S t chc trong doanh nghip :
Gim c
Ph gim
c (TC)
K
ton

Ph gim
c (NL)
K
hoc
h

T
chc

Vn
th

Bo
v

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.1.6 Cc u mi TT ngoi ca mt DN:
Nh nc v
cp trn

Khch hng
Doanh nghip
cnh tranh

DOANH NGHIP
H thng qun l

Doanh nghip c
lin quan
Doanh nghip s
cnh tranh

i tng qun l
Nh cung cp

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.2 H THNG THNG TIN
1.2.1 nh ngha h thng thng tin v cc b
phn cu thnh:
Thng tin
Thng tin kinh t
Thng tin qun l
Qu trnh x l thng tin

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
H thng thng tin:
L mt tp hp gm con ngi, cc thit b phn
cng, phn mm, d liu thc hin cc hot
ng thu thp, lu tr, x l v phn phi thng
tin trong tp hp rng buc l mi trng

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN

Cc b phn cu thnh h thng thng tin:

Ngun
Thu
thp

ch
X l v
lu tr

Kho d liu

Phn
pht

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
c trng ca h thng thng tin:
- Phi c thit k, t chc phc v nhiu
lnh vc hoc nhim v tng th ca mt t
chc
- t mc tiu l h tr ra cc quyt nh
- Da trn k thut tin tin v x l thng tin
- C kt cu mm do, pht trin c (HT
m)

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN

Hai loi HTTT:

* HTTT chnh thc
* HTTT khng chnh thc

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.2.2 Phn loi h thng thng tin:
Phn loi h thng thng tin theo mc ch
phc v
Phn loi h thng thng tin trong t chc
doanh nghip

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
H thng thng tin x l giao dch
(TPS Transaction Processing System)

H thng thng tin qun l

(MIS Management Informaton System)

H thng tr gip ra quyt nh

(DSS Decision Support System)

H thng chuyn gia

(ES Expert System)
H thng tng cng kh nng cnh tranh
(ISCA Information System for Competitive Advantage)

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
H thng thng tin ti chnh
H thng thng tin Marketing
H thng thng tin qun l kinh doanh v sn
xut
H thng thng tin ngun nhn lc
H thng thng tin vn phng

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.2.3 Tiu chun nh gi h thng thng tin:

tin cy

Tnh y

Tnh thch hp, d hiu

Tnh c bo v

ng thi im

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.2.4 Li ch kinh t ca h thngthng tin:
a. Gi thnh thng tin:
Gi thnh thng tin = Cc khon chi to ra
thng tin
b. Gi tr ca thng tin: bng li ch thu c
ca vic thay i phng n quyt nh do thng
tin to ra.

V d: Doanh nghip xy dng chin lc a

sn phm mi ra th trng.
Chin lc A: gi thp
Chin lc B: gi trung bnh
Chin lc C: gi cao
Doanh nghip quyt nh chn chin lc A
Tuy nhin trc khi c quyt nh chnh thc
DN tin hnh iu tra th trng thu c kt
qu:
Chin lc A: s thu c li nhun 100
Chin lc B: s thu c li nhun 150
Chin lc C: s thu c li nhun 120
Chn chin lc B. Gi tr thng tin = 50

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.2.4 Li ch kinh t ca thng tin:
c. Gi tr ca h thng thng tin
Gi tr ca h thng thng tin l s th hin bng
tin tp hp nhng ri ro m t chc trnh c
v nhng c hi thun li m t chc c c
nh h thng thng tin.

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
1.2.4 Li ch kinh t ca thng tin:
d. CcchiphchoHTTT:
Chi ph c nh:
CPC = Cpttk + Cxd + Cmm + Cc +
Ctbpv + Cck
Chi ph bin ng nm th i
CPB(i) = Ctl(i) + Cv(i) + Ctt + Cbtsc(i)
+ Cbk(i)

CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN

V H THNG THNG TIN
c. nh gi hiu qu kinh t ca h thng
thng tin:
Tng chi ph: TCP = CPC(1+ Li sut)n +
CP (i).(1+li sut)(n-i)
Tng thu: TTN = TN(i).(1+ Li sut)(n-i)
Cn xy dng: TTN > TCP

Bi tp: nh gi hiu qu kinh t ca h thng

thng tin sau:
Cng ty ABC l cng ty chuyn may hng xut
khu. Hin cng ty ang c k hoch m rng sn
xut. Cng ty s dng s tin thanh l my
may v my ct li thi l 30.000$ v s tin
vn hin c l 200.000$ u t mt d n
trong 8 nm nh sau:
D kin s tin phi chi ph cc khon bt buc
trong mi nm l 1000$ v d kin s tin thu v
trong 8 nm l: 1200$, 10000$, 28000$, 52000$,
58000$, 62000$, 69000$,95000$ vi li xut
5,2% .
Hy tnh th xem cng ty c nn u t vo d n
ny khng?

BI TP
T chc tr chi truyn thng tin theo
nhm
Quitctrchi:
Chia s SV lm hai nhm. Mi nhm c mt
nhm trng.
Cc thnh vin trong nhm xp thnh hng
dc
Tin c truyn l s bt k
Nhm trng ng cui hng chu trch
nhim nhn v truyn thng tin cho thnh
vin k tip trong hng

BI TP
T chc tr chi truyn thng tin theo
nhm
Quitctrchi:
Sau khi nhn tin cc thnh vin s truyn tin ln
lt cho nhau bt u t nhm trng cho n
thnh vin u tin.
Trong qu trnh truyn tin cc thnh vin khng
c s dng m thanh truyn tin, thnh vin trong
i khng c quay u li nhn thng tin.
Thnh vin u tin ca mi nhm sau khi nhn
c tin nhanh chng chy vit kt qu ln bng.
i no vit c kt qu sm v ng nht l
thng cuc

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.1 TI NGUYN PHN CNG TRONG H
THNG THNG TIN
My tnh in t
Mng my tnh
2.1.1 My tnh in t:
a. S chc nng

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN

Cc thit b vo
Nhp d liu
v chng
trnh vo my
tnh

B x l lnh
B logic v
Thc hin
s hc
ch th v
Thc hin cc
iu khin
php ton s
x l
hc v so snh
B nh trong
Lu tr d liu v cc chng
trnh trong thi gian x l

Thit b nh ngoi
Lu tr d liu v
chng trnh cho
cc cng vic x l

Cc thit b
ra
a thng
tin ra t
trong
my tnh

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
b. Phn loi my tnh in t:
Siu my tnh ln (Super Computer)
My tnh ln (MainFrame)
My tnh c va (MiniComputer)
My vi tnh (MicroComputer)

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.1.2 Mng my tnh:
a. Mt s khi nim c s truyn thng:
H thng truyn thng: h thng cho php to,
truyn v nhn tin tc in t
Cc phng thc truyn: Truyn d b, Truyn
ng b, Chuyn mch tuyn, Chuyn mch bn
tin, Chuyn mch gi, Truyn mt chiu, hai
chiu lun phin, hai chiu ng thi

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
b. Cc loi mng:
Mng LAN: mng cc b
Mng WAN: mng din rng
Mng INTERNET: mng ton cu

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
Mng LAN:
Thnh phn mng LAN: My ch tp, My ch
in n, My ch truyn thng, My trm, Dy cp,
Cc giao din mng (NIC), H iu hnh mng
(NOS)
Cc cu hnh mng: Mng hnh sao, mng
ng trc, mng vng, mng hn hp, mng
xng sng

MNG HNH SAO (STAR)

MNG VNG (RING)

MNG NG TRC (BUS)

MNG HN HP

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
Mng WAN:
Thnh phn mng WAN: My ch, My tin x
l, Modem, Thit b u cui, B tp trung, Giao
thc truyn thng, Phn mm mng

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
Mng INTERNET:
Thnh phn mng INTERNET: Mng con, u
cui, H thng trung gian, Cu ni, B dn
ng, Giao thc INTERNET

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.2 PHN MM TIN HC:
2.2.1 Khi nim phn mm: l cc chng
trnh, cc cu trc d liu gip chng trnh x l
c nhng thng tin thch hp v cc ti liu
m t phng thc s dng cc chng trnh y.
Phn mm lun c sa i b sung thng
xuyn.

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.2.2 Phn loi phn mm:
a. Phn mm h thng: qun l phn cng my
tnh
H iu hnh: qun l, iu hnh cc hot ng
ca my tnh
Phn mm tin ch: x l cc nhim v thng
gp.
Phn mm pht trin: Cc ngn ng lp trnh,
cc cng c lp trnh, lp trnh hng i tng

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
Phn mm qun tr mng my tnh
Phn mm qun tr c s d liu

b. Phn mm ng dng: qun l d liu

Phn mm ng dng a nng
Phn mm ng dng chuyn bit

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
CPU
B nh
chnh
B nh
ph
Ngoi vi

Phn
cng

Phn
mm
h
thng

Phn
mm
ng
dng

Son tho
Bng tnh
Qun tr d
n
ng dng
khc

Quan h gia phn mm h thng

v phn mm ng dng

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.2.3 c tnh chung ca phn mm hin i:
D s dng
Chng sao chp
Tng thch vi phn mm khc
Tng thch vi nhiu thit b ngoi vi
Tnh hin thi ca phn mm
Gi c phn mm - Yu cu ca b nh
Quyn s dng trn mng

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.2.4 Chun ho phn mm:
Phn mm c thit k c kh nng t ci t
v lm vic trn nhiu loi my tnh c cu hnh
khc nhau
V d: ci mt s ng dng thng dng
Cc phn mm khc nhau c th lm vic
c vi nhau

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.2.5 Xu th chung trong thit k phn mm:
+ Giao din ho
+ Ca s ho (Windows)
+ Lin kt d liu ni ny vi ni khc v t
phn mm ny vi phn mm khc.
+ D s dng
+ Yu cu phn cng ngy cng cao v kh
nng t ng ci t lm vic c vi nhiu
loi cu hnh my tnh khc nhau.

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.2.6 Mt s ch khi mua sm phn mm:
Xc nh r yu cu ng dng
Chn phn mm
* Xc nh ng hng sn xut phn mm
v cng vic cn ti
* Yu cu gi cc thng tin v phn mm
* ngh gi phn mm gii thiu DEMO
s dng th

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.2.6 Mt s ch khi mua sm phn mm:
Dch v bo hnh:
* Trung tm hun luyn
* Nhn vin tr gip k thut
* Trung tm dch v bo hnh, kho hng v
linh kin thay th
* Tnh hnh ti chnh ca ngi bn
Chn phn cng: ph hp vi phn mm

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.3 TI NGUYN NHN LC:
Khi nim: ti nguyn nhn lc l ch th xy
dng, iu hnh v s dng h thng thng tin
qun l
Ti nguyn nhn lc xy dng v bo tr:
phn tch vin, lp trnh vin, k s bo hnh
Ti nguyn ngi s dng: cc nh qun l,
k ton, nhn vin cc phng ban

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.4 C S D LIU TRONG H THNG
THNG TIN:
2.4.1 Mt s khi nim:
* Thc th, th hin
* Trng d liu (thuc tnh)
* Bn ghi
* Bng
* C s d liu

BNG D LIU

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.4.2 Cc hot ng chnh ca mt CSDL:
Cp nht d liu: Nhp, xo, sa, ct v ni
cc bn ghi, cc bng trong CSDL
Truy vn d liu: Tnh ton, sp xp, kt sut,
thng k, tng hp, phn tch
Lp bo co t CSDL: bo co dng bng,
biu, tng hp cc mc

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH THNG

TIN CA H THNG THNG TIN
2.4.3 Cc loi m hnh d liu:
M hnh phn cp: mi cha c N con, mi con
ch c mt cha
K43
CQUI

K44
K45

K44A
K44B
K44C
K44D

Anh 1
Anh 2
Anh 3

2.4.3 Cc loi m hnh d liu:

M hnh mng li: mi cha c N con,
mi con M cha
Trn Anh Thi
Hi h
Mai Lan Anh
Nguyn Hng

Ting Anh
Ting Php
Ting Trung

2.4.3 Cc loi m hnh d liu:

M hnh quan h: d liu c m t
di dng cc bng d liu:

M hnh quan h: xy dng quan h gia hai

bng Qun l khch sn v Danh mc

phong thu

M hnh quan h:
Khi nim v kho: nhm cc thuc tnh c
gi l kho nu n xc nh mt cch duy nht
thc th trong bng d liu
Ph thuc hm: ta ni thuc tnh B ph thuc
hm vo thuc tnh A (A -> B) nu vi mi gi tr
ca A tng ng vi mt gi tr duy nht ca B
(tn ti mt nh x t tp hp cc gi tr ca A
sang gi tr ca B)
Cc mi quan h trong CSDL:
Quan h 1 1
Quan h 1 n
Quan h n - n

CHNG II: C S CNG NGH

THNG TIN CA H THNG THNG
TIN
Bi tp v d: Hy xy dng c s d liu qun
l h s cc nhn vin trong cng ty. D liu
qun l gm: H tn, qu qun, ngy sinh, a
ch, in thoi, hc hm, hc v, ngoi ng, trnh
ngoi ng
Trong : mi nhn vin c th bit nhiu loi
ngoi ng khc nhau, c s d liu phi lu
cc ngoi ng v trnh mi ngoi ng ca
tng nhn vin

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Nhng nguyn nhn dn n vic pht
trin mt HTTT
Nhng vn v qun l
Nhng yu cu mi ca nh qun l
S thay i ca cng ngh
Thay i sch lc chnh tr

YU CU
1. Nhm sinh vin tham gia 1 tiu lun: 5-6 SV
Cc sinh vin s t bn bc phn cng cng vic
2. Sn phm yu cu gm:
- 01 quyn tiu lun m t h s pht trin
HTTT
- Phn mm xy dng da trn h s pht trin
v s dng ngn ng ACCESS
3. Thi gian hon thnh:
- Tiu lun np trc tip cho gio vin
- Phn mm np qua Email:
Tohaiyen@Gmail.com
4. im thi:- 20% im bi tp ln
- 20% chuyn cn v bi kim tra ti lp
- 60% im thi trc nghim cui kha

Bitpln:Lphsvtinhnhphntch,
thitkhthngthngtin:
1. S t chc
2. S u mi thng tin ca t chc
3. S chc nng phn r, m t r tng chc
nng
4. S lung thng tin
5. S lung d liu
6. Cc mu hnh ti liu vo, ra v trung gian
7. Cc phng php m ho d liu
8. Xy dng v chun ha cc tp d liu v mi
quan h gia chng
9. Thit k yu cu v giao tc tin hc
10. Thit k giao din vo ra ca h thng
11. Phn mm thit k v s dng ngn ng Access
theo yu cu

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Phng php pht trin mt h thng
thng tin
1. nh gi yu cu
2. Phn tch chi tit
3. Thit k logic
4. xut cc phng n ca gii php
5. Thit k vt l ngoi
6. Trin khai k thut h thng
7. Ci t v khai thc

Ba nguyn tc
pht trin mt h thng thng tin
1. S dng cc m hnh:
M hnh logic: ci g? lm g?
M hnh vt l ngoi: ci g? u? khi no?
M hnh vt l trong: nh th no?

2. Chuyn t ci chung sang ci ring: n

gin ho. i t ci chung n cc chi tit. M
hnh ho h thng bng cc chi tit
3. Chuyn m hnh: t m hnh vt l sang m
hnh logic khi phn tch v t m hnh logic sang
m vt l khi thit k.

Xy dng chc nng qun l kho hng

Qun l kho
hng
Nhp
hng

Xut
hng

Kim k

Xut trnh
phiu
nhp

Xut trnh
phiu
xut

Kim k

Nhp
hng

Giao
hng

Ghi s
gc
Ghi s danh
mc

Ghi s
gc

Ghi s
gc

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.1 NH GI YU CU:
Mc tiu: cung cp cho lnh o t chc hoc
hi ng gim c nhng d liu ch thc ra
quyt nh v thi c, tnh kh thi v hiu qu
ca mt d n pht trin h thng.
* Lp k hoch nh gi yu cu
* Lm r yu cu
* nh gi kh nng thc thi
* Chun b v trnh by bo co

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.2 PHN TCH CHI TIT:
3.2.1 Mc tiu: l a c cc chun on v
h thng ang tn ti, xc nh mc tiu cn t
c ca h thng mi v ra gii php t
c mc tiu.
Phn tch vin phi hiu thu o v mi trng
h thng pht trin v cc hot ng ca chnh
ca h thng thng qua cc phng php: thu
thp thng tin, m ho d liu, s chc nng,
s lung thng tin, s lung d liu

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.2.2 Thu thp thng tin:
Phng vn
Nghin cu ti liu
S dng phiu iu tra
Quan st

3.2.3 M ho d liu:
a. Khi nim m ho d liu:
b. Cc phng php m ho d liu:
M ho phn cp: h thng nh s
111 tin mt
mc, ti khon
1 Chng I
1.1 Bi 1
1.1.1
1
1.1.2
2
1.1.3
3
1.2 Bi 2
1.2.1

1111 tin mt vit nam

Mc
Mc
Mc

1112 tin mt ngoi t

112 tin gi ngn hng
1121 tin gi ngn hng
VND
11211 tin gi NH Ba nh

Mc

11212 tin gi NH PTNT

M ho lin tip: 001, 002, 003

M ho theo m xri: 29/3/1995 EAN VN
M s quc gia (893), m nh sn
xut, m
sn phm, s
kim tra
V d:

93nh:
5025VND,
33457
6
M ho8gi
USD
M ho ghp ni: NTHD1000136
V d m ho th sinh trng H NT

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
c. Li ch ca m ho d liu:
Nhn din khng nhm ln i tng
M t nhanh chng i tng
Nhn din nhm i tng nhanh hn

V d: M ho thc th sinh vin thng qua trng

S th: Kha, Lp, M hiu SV trong lp

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.2.4 S chc nng kinh doanh (BFD)
a.

Mctiu: Phn tch chnh xc cc hot

ng ca h thng thng tin t c th
n chi tit.
Ch r h thng cn phi lm g.
Khng phi lm nh th no

b.Kphpvmtchcnng:
Tn chc
nng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
c.Ccphngphpphnrchc
nng:

Top Down

Bottom Up

d.Quitclpschcnng:

Tun t

La chn

Php lp

d.Vd:
Nhp *
hng

Qun l kho
hng
Xut *
hng

Xut trnh
phiu
nhp

Xut trnh
phiu
xut

Nhp
hng

Giao
hng

Ghi s
gc
Ghi s danh 0
mc

Kim k*
Kim k
Ghi s
gc

Ghi s
gc

e.Bitp:Hy v s chc nng qun

l ti trng i hc Ngoi Thng

e.Bitp:
Qun l trng H

1. QL*
Gio
vin

2.1 X
l h
s

2. QL*
Sinh
vin

2.2 *
X l
im

3. QL *
Chng
trnh o
to

2.3 X
l tt
nghip

4. QL*
Thi
kho
biu

5. QL *
Hi
trng

2.4 X 0
l c
bit
khc

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.2.5 S lung thng tin (IFD Information
Flow Diagram):
a. Mc tiu: m t h thng thng tin theo cch
thc ng. M t s di chuyn ca d liu, vic
x l, vic lu tr bng cc s

3.2.5 S lung thng tin (IFD):

b. Cc k php m t s :
X l:

Th cng
ton
Kho d liu:

Giao tc ngi my

Th cng
Dng thng
tin:
Ti liu

Tin hc ho hon

Tin hc ho
iu khin:

3.2.5 S lung thng tin (IFD):

c. Qui tc:
- Xc nh cc tc nhn trong HT
- Xc nh cc ti liu trong HT
- Cc thi im di chuyn ti liu trong HT
- Lp bng s
d. V d: M t s qun l im trong
trng
- Tc nhn: Sinh vin, gio vin, phng o to
- Cc ti liu: bi thi, bng im mn hc,
bng im bnh qun
- Cc thi im di chuyn:

Thi im
to
Sau khi
SV thi

Sinh vin
Bi thi

Phng o

Chm thi
Bi thi
chm
Nhp
im
Bng im

3 tun
sau khi
thi

Cui
mi hc
k

Gio vin

Bng im
Trung bnh
Bng im
Bnh qun

Nhp
im
my
im

In bng
im MH
Tnh BQ
In im BQ

Thi im Khch hng

ton
Khch
Ha n
Ko
hng n
Xut hng
nhn
hng

Th kho

Phng K

KT s

Xut
hng
Ha n
Xut hng
S kho
hng

Sau
xut
hng

Phiu thanh
ton tin

Tnh tin

Thi im Khch hng

Th kho
ton
Khch
Ha n
Giao
hng n
giao hng
hng
giao
Ha n
hng
Giao hng

Hng mi
s

Phng K

S danh
mc

S kho
hng
Sau
xut

Phiu thanh
ton tin

Tnh tin

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD - Data Flow
Diagram):
a. Mc tiu: dng m t h thng thng tin
trn gc tru tng.
Trn s gm cc lung d liu, cc x l, cc
lu tr d liu, ngun, ch khng quan tm
n v tr, thi im, i tng

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

b. Cc k php m t s :
Lung d liu:
Kho d liu:
Tin trnh x l:
Tc nhn:

Tn lung d
liu
Kho d liu
Tn
x l
Tn tc nhn

c. Qui tc v s :
Cc bc v s : V s ng cnh, ln
lt phn r thnh cc s d liu mc nh,
s d liu di mc nh theo cu trc s
chc nng.
V s ng cnh: th hin khi qut ni
dung chnh ca h thng thng tin. d hiu c
th b qua cc kho d liu, cc x l cp nht
- Xc nh chc nng chnh ca h
thng.
- Xc nh cc tc nhn ngoi
- M t cc lung d liu t vo ra h
thng vi cc tc nhn

Gi s c s chc nng h thng

nh mu sau.
HT

Vd: S ng cnh
c xy dng nh
sau:
- Chc nng chnh l:
HT
- Cc tc nhn h
thng: X, Y, Z
- S c m t:

HT

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

V s mc nh:
- Tch chc nng chnh ca h thng
thnh
cc chc nng con mc 1.
- Xc nh lung d liu gia cc chc
nng
b phn vi cc tc nhn ngoi.
- Xc nh lung d liu ni b v kho.
Ch : khi phn r phi bo ton cc lung
d liu v cc tc nhn ngoi.

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

V s mc nh:
phn r thnh cc
chc nng A, B, C v thm kho d liu K.
X
1.A
2.B
Y

HT

K
3.C

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
V s di mc nh:
- Phn r ring tng chc nng mc
nh
thnh cc s di mc nh.
- Tch cc chc nng mc nh thnh
cc chc nng con mc di. Lm tng t
nh phn r chc nng mc nh.
Ch : khi phn r phi bo ton cc lung
d liu v cc tc nhn ngoi.

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

V s di mc nh: Phn r x l A
thnh cc chc nng D, E v thm kho d
liu K1.
X

1.1 D
Chc
nng A

K1
1.2 E

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

V s di mc nh: tng t tin
hnh phn r cc x l B, C thnh cc chc
nng con v thm cc kho d liu.
Ghp cc s di mc nh vo s
mc nh ta c s lung d liu hon
Chc
chnh.
nng
Chc
2.1 G

nng
B

2.2 I
K

3.1 H

3.2 K
K

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

1.1 D

K1
1.2 E
Y

2.1 G

3.1 H

K
3.2 K
2.2 I

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

Mt s qui tc khi v s :
- Tn cc x l l ng t.
- Cc x l phi c m s.
- X l buc phi thc hin bin i d liu.
- Mi lung d liu phi c tn lung tr
lung ni x l vi kho d liu.
- D liu cha trn hai vt mang khc nhau
nhng lun i cng nhau th to nn mt
lung duy nht.
- V li cc kho d liu cc lung khng
ct khau.

3.2.6 S lung d liu (DFD):

Mt s qui tc khi v phn r s :
- Nn ti a 7 x l trn mt s DFD.
- Mt x l m khi trnh by bng ngn ng
cu trc chim mt trang th khng phn r
tip.
- Tt c cc x l trn mt s DFD phi
cng mt mc phn r.
- Lung vo ca mt x l mc cao phi l
lung vo ca mt x l con mc thp no
. Lung ra ti ch ca mt x l con
phi l lung ra ti ch ca mt x l con
mc ln hn.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
d. V d: v s lung d liu qun l nhp
xut trong kho hng.
S ng cnh:
Nhp hng

Khch
hng

Xut hng

0.Qun l
kho hng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
d. V d: S mc nh:
DM hng
Ho n nhp
hng

Khch
hng

1.Nhp
hng
S kho hng

Ho n
xut hng

2.Xut
hng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
. V d: S chc nng 2:
Ho n
xut hng

Khch
hng
Phiu
nhn hng

2.1
Kim tra
Hng ti
kho
H c chp
nhn

2.2 Xut
hng

S kho hng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
d. V d: S chc nng 2:
HD nhp
hng

1.1 Kim tra

hng nhp

Khch
hng
Phiu
nhp hng

1.2 Nhp
hng vo
kho

DM hng

H nhp
hng

S kho hng

d. V d: S tng hp
1.1 Kim tra
hng nhp
H nhp
hng

Khch
hng

Phiu nhp
hng
H xut
hng
Phiu nhn
hng

DM hng

H nhp hng
1.2 Nhp
hng vo
kho
S kho hng
2.1
Kim tra
kho hng
H c
chp
nhn
2.2 Xut
hng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Bi tp:
M t s chc nng ca h thng chm,
qun l im.
M t s lung d liu ca h thng
chm, qun l im.

M t s lung d liu

SV

SV

0. QL
im

P o to

Bi thi 1. Chm
thi

Bng
im

B.im 2. X l
TB
im

Bng
im

P o to

M t s lung d liu
Bi thi
SV

1.1 Chm
thi
Bi thi
chm
1.2 Vo
im
2.1 Vo
im MT

SV
Bim
BQ

Bng
im
2.2 Tnh
im

VP Khoa
Bng
im

Bng
im

P o to

P o to
Bng
im

M t s lung d liu tng hp

1.1 Chm
thi
Bi thi

VP Khoa

Bi thi
1.2 Vo
im

SV

Bng
im
P o to

Bi
m BQ

2.1 Vo
im MT
Bng
im
2.2 Tnh
im

Bi thi

Bng
im

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.3 THIT K LOGIC:
3.3.1 Mc tiu: xc nh cc thnh phn logic
ca h thng thng tin mi phi lm t
c cc mc tiu ra.
Sn phm ca giai on thit k logic l cc c
s d liu, cc x l vo ra.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.2.7 Cc bc phn tch chi tit:
Thnh lp i ng
La chn phng php v cng c
Nghin cu h thng ang tn ti
Chun on v xc nh cc yu t gii
quyt vn
Xc nh thi hn
Sa i xut d n
Bo co v phn tch chi tit

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.3.2 Cc phng php TK c s d liu:
- Thit k CSDL logic t cc thng tin u ra
- Thit k CSDL logic bng phng php m
hnh ha

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
A. Thit k c s d liu logic t thng tin
u ra:
Bc 1: xc nh ton b cc thng tin u ra
Bc 2: xc nh cc tp cn thit cung cp
d liu cho vic to u ra
Lit k ton b cc thuc tnh ca thng tin u
ra.
nh du cc thuc tnh lp

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
nh du cc thuc tnh th sinh, loi cc
thuc tnh th sinh khi danh sch
Gch chn cc thuc tnh kho ca thng tin
u ra
Tin hnh chun ho mc 1 (1.NF): tch cc
thuc tnh lp thnh danh sch con ring. Gn
thm tn cho danh sch va tch. Tm mt thuc
tnh nh danh ring, thm thuc tnh nh danh
vo danh sch gc.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Tin hnh chun ho mc 2 (2.NF): tch tt c
cc thuc tnh khng ph thuc hm ton b vo
kho thnh mt danh sch ring. Chn kho mi
cho danh sch va tch.
Tin hnh chun ho mc 3 (3.NF): tch cc
thuc tnh c s ph thuc bc cu. Xc nh
kho v tn cho danh sch mi.

Cng ty ABC

PHIU QUN L VN VAY

S phiu:
Ngy:

/ /2010

M khch hng:. CMT:

..
Tn khch hng:
..
a ch:

..
Vn vay:. K hn:
.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Phiu qun l vn vay gm cc thuc tnh:
S phiu, Ngy vay, M khch hng, Tn
khch hng, a ch, S CMT, Vn vay, K
hn, Li sut, Ngy thanh ton.
Trong :
S phiu l kho chnh
Ngy thanh ton l thuc tnh th sinh
tch ring

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Phiu qun l vn vay gm cc thuc tnh:
S phiu, Ngy vay, M khch hng, Tn khch
hng, a ch, S CM, Vn vay, K hn, Li sut,
Trong : M khch hng, Tn khch hng, a
ch, S CM l cc thuc tnh ph thuc bc cu
vo kho chnh s phiu, tch thnh danh sch
mi
Kho danh sch mi l: M khch hng.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Qun l vn vay
S phiu, Ngy vay, M khch hng, Vn vay,
K hn, Li sut.
Danh sch khch hng:
M khch hng, Tn khch hng, a ch, S
CM
Trong danh sch Qun l vn vay: K hn, Li
sut ph thuc bc cu vo kha chnh tch
ring thnh danh sch mi
Kho l: K hn

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Qun l vn vay
S phiu, Ngy vay, M khch hng, Vn
vay, K hn
Danh sch khch hng:
M khch hng, Tn khch hng, a ch, S
CM
Danh mc li sut
K hn, Li sut

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Bc 3:
M t cc tp: Mi danh sch bc 2 l mt
tp c s d liu. Mi danh sch lin quan n
mt i tng qun l. Nu c nhiu danh sch
cng m t v mt thc th th phi tch hp li
thnh 1 danh sch.
Biu din cc tp: Tn tp vit in hoa trn, cc
thuc tnh nm trong cc , trn mt hng. Kho
gch chn.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
V d:

DANH SCH KHCH HNG

M khch hng

Tn KH

a ch

S CMT

DANH MC LI SUT
K hn

Li sut

QUN L VN VAY
M khch
hng

Ngy
vay

Vn
vay

K
hn

Ngy TT

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN

Bc 4: Xc nh lin h logic gia cc tp. Biu

din chng bng cc mi tn hai chiu, nu c
quan h mt - nhiu th v hai mi tn v hng
.
V d:

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
V d:

KHCH HNG

M khch hng

Tn KH

a ch

S CMT

DANH MC LI XUT
K hn

Li sut

QUN L VN VAY
M khch
hng

Ngy
vay

Vn
vay

K
hn

Ngy TT

Bi tp: thit k CSDL t mu phiu nhp kho sau:

Lit k danh sch cc thuc tnh, gch b

cc thuc tnh th sinh v gch chn cc
thuctnhkha
S phiu
H tn ngi nhp
a ch ngi nhp
a ch Cty nhp
in thoi
STT
Tn hng
n v tnh
n gi
S lng
Thnh tin
Tng cng
Tng cng bng ch
Ngi nhn hng

Chun ha NF1: nh du cc thuc

tnhlptchthnhdanhschring
S phiu
H tn ngi nhp
a ch ngi nhp
a ch Cty nhp
in thoi
Tn hng (R)
n v tnh (R)
n gi (R)
S lng (R)
Ngi nhn hng

Chun ha NF1: nh du cc thuc

tnh lp tch thnh danh sch ring.
Thm thuc tnh nh danh M hng
vodanhschmi
S phiu S phiu
H tn ngi nhp
a ch ngi nhp
a ch Cty nhp
in thoi
n
Ngi nhn hng

M hng
Tn hng
n v tnh
gi
S lng

ChunhaNF2:ccthuctnhMhng,Tn
hng,nvtnh,ngikhngphthuc
ton b vo kha tch thnh danh sch
ring
S phiu
M KH
H tn ngi nhp
a ch ngi nhp
a ch Cty nhp
in thoi
Ngi nhn hng

M hng
Tn hng
n v tnh
n gi
S phiu
M hng
S lng

Chun ha NF3: cc thuc tnh H tn

ngi nhp, a ch ngi nhp, a ch
cngtynhp,inthoiphthucbccu
vokhatchthnhdanhschring
M KH
H tn ngi nhp
a ch ngi nhp
a ch Cty nhp

M hng
Tn hng
n v tnh
n gi

in thoi
S phiu
M KH

S phiu
M hng

Mtccbng

DANH MC KHCH HNG

M
KH

H tn
ngi
nhp

M hng

a ch
ngi
nhp

Tn hng

a ch
in
Cty nhp thoi
DANH MC HNG

n v
tnh

n gi

HA N BN HNG

S phiu

M KH

Ngi nhn
hng

QUN L HNG NHP

S phiu

M hng

S lng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
B. Thit k CSDL bng phng php m hnh
ho:
Cc khi nim c bn:
a.Thc th: biu din nhng i tng c th
hoc tru tng trong th gii thc m ta mun
lu tr thng tin v chng. Thc th c biu
din bng hnh ch nht c ghi tn bn trong:
SN PHM

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
b. Lin kt: th hin s lin h qua li gia cc
thc th khc nhau
V d: Mt Khch hng t n t hng
Mt n t hng c ghi nhiu Sn phm
KHCH
HNG

N T
HNG

cha

SN
PHM

c. S mc lin kt:
Lin kt Mt - Mt:
1

B TH
CHI
ON

qun l

CHI
O
N

Lin kt Mt - Nhiu:
CHI
ON

O
N
VIN

MN
HC

Lin kt Nhiu - Nhiu:

SINH
VIN

Hc

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
d. Kh nng tu chn ca lin kt:
SINH
VIN

e. Chiu ca lin kt: ch ra

s lng thc th tham gia
vo quan h
Quan h mt chiu:

O
NVI
N
SINH VIN
1
L anh
em

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN

Quan h hai chiu:

SINH
VIN

GIO
VIN

SINH
VIN

Dy

hc

O
NVI
N
LP

LP

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN

Quan h nhiu chiu:

GIO
VIN

Qun l

D N

LP

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Quan h nhiu chiu: s c chuyn i
sang quan h hai chiu nh sau:

GIO
VIN

1 Tham
gia

QL
N
QL
ND
N
D N

QL
im

LP

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
f. Thuc tnh: dng m t cc c trng ca
mt thc th hoc mt mi quan h.
C 3 loi thuc tnh: thuc tnh m t, thuc tnh
nh danh v thuc tnh quan h.
Thuc tnh nh danh: xc nh duy nht mt
ln xut ca thc th.

V d: S bo danh, M nhn vin

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Thuc tnh m t: s dng m t v thc th
V d: H v tn, ngy sinh
Thuc tnh quan h: ch mt ln xut no
trong thc th c quan h
V d: S chng minh th, S ti khon

KHCH
HNG

S hiu khch
hng
- H v tn
- a ch

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
g. Thc th khi qut: s dng trong trng
hp m hnh ho cc thc th gn ging nhau.
Cc thuc tnh chung c gn cho thc th
khi qut, cc thuc tnh ring gn cho cc thc
th thnh phn.
V d: Thit k CSDL qun l bng a:
Loi a: - a CD
- a VCD
- a DVD.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
a phim cn lu tr cc thng tin sau: S
hiu a, Loi a, Loi phim, Tn phim,Tn o
din, Nm sn xut, Din vin chnh, Tm tt ni
dung.
a ca nhc cn lu tr cc thng tin sau: S
hiu a, Loi a, Loi nhc, Tn a, Nm sn
xut, Tn ca s, Tn bi ht.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Vd:

A
PHIM

S hiu a
Tn phim
Loi phim
Tn o din
Tn din vin
Tm tt ni
dung

S hiu a
Loi a
Nm sn
xut

A CA
NHC

S hiu a
Tn a
Loi ca nhc
Tn ca s
Tn bi ht

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
h. Chuyn i s khi nim d liu sang
s cu trc d liu:
Chuyn i cc quan h mt chiu (1-N): to
mt tp chung duy nht biu din thc th .
V d: SINH VIN
SINH VIEN( M sinh vin,
1
N
H v tn, ngy sinh,,
L anh
M anh em)
em

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Chuyn i cc quan h mt chiu (N-M): to
hai tp, mt tp biu din thc th, mt tp biu
din quan h.
V d:
SN
PHM
(
M
sn
phm,
SN PHM
Tn sn phm,)

Cu
thnh
t

CU THNH (M sn phm,
M nguyn liu, )

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Chuyn i cc quan h hai chiu (1-1): to hai
tp ng vi hai thc th
V d:
1
1
CHI
B TH

CHI
ON

qun l

O
N

B THCHI ON (S hiu b th, , S hiu chi on)

CHI ON (S hiu chi on,)
Hoc:B TH CHI ON (S hiu b th, )
CHI ON (S hiu chi on,, S hiu b th)

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Chuyn i cc quan h hai chiu (1-N): to hai
tp ng vi hai thc th
V d:
1
N
O

CHI
ON

N
VIN

CHI ON (S hiu chi on, )

ON VIN (S hiu on vin, , S hiu
chi on)

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Chuyn i cc quan h hai chiu (N-M): to ba
tp, hai tp ng vi hai thc th, tp th ba m
t quan h.
N
M
Sn
Khch
mua
V d:
phm
hng

KHCH HNG (M khch hng, )

SN PHM (M sn phm,)
MUA (M khch hng, , M sn phm)

Chuyn i thc th khi qut: to tp thc th

khi qut v mi thc th con mt tp.
V d:

PHIM

S hiu a
Tn phim
Loi phim
Tn o din
Tn din vin
Tm tt ni
dung

S hiu a
Loi a
Nm sn
xut

CA
NHC

S hiu a
Tn a
Loi ca nhc
Tn ca s
Tn bi ht

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Chuyn i thc th khi qut: to tp thc th
khi qut v mi thc th con mt tp.

A (S hiu a, Loi a, Nm sn xut)

A PHIM (S hiu a, Tn phim, Loi phim )
A CA NHC (S hiu a, Tn a, Loi ca
nhc)

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
C. Phn tch tra cu: tm hiu bng cch no
ly c cc thng tin u ra t cc tp c
thit k. Kim tra vic thit k CSDL hon tt
hay cung cp cc thng tin u ra cha.
i vi mi u ra phi tm cch xc nh cc tp
cn thit, th t chng c c v cc x l
c thc hin trn cc tp c.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
V d:

KHCH HNG

M khch hng

Tn KH

a ch

DANH MC LI XUT
K hn
2

M khch
hng

S CMT
3

Li sut

QUN L VN VAY
Ngy
vay

Vn
vay

K
hn

Ngy TT

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
D. Phn tch cp nht: thng tin trong CSDL phi
thng xuyn c cp nht m bo phn nh
chnh xc nht tnh trng i tng n ang
qun l.
a. Lp bng s kin cp nht:

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Tn
tp
Khch
hng

Danh
mc
hng

Loicp
nht

Skin

Khch hng mi
Thm
-Khch hng khng mua hng
-Bt
-C s thay i a ch, in
-Sa i
thoi, ca khch hng
-

Thm
-Bt
-Sa
-

Qun l thm mt hng mi

-Quyt nh khng qun l
mt mt hng
-Thay i v gi c
-

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Xc nh cch thc hp l ha d liu cp nht:
La chn cc k thut kim tra d liu, gim kh
nng sai st khi cp nht.
V d: D liu nhp ng kiu?
D liu c mt trong mi bn ghi khng?
D liu ng qui cch qui nh hay khng?
D liu c nm trong min qui nh hay khng?
D liu nhp c nm trong tp gi tr chun
khng?

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.4 XUT CC PHNG N GII PHP:
Mc tiu: thit lp cc phc ha cho m hnh vt
l, nh gi chi ph v li ch cho cc phc ho,
xc nh kh nng t c mc tiu v s tc
ng ca chng vo lnh vc t chc v nhn s
ang lm vic ti h thng. a cc khuyn ngh
v phng n ha hn nht

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
A. Xc nh cc rng buc v t chc
Ti chnh d tr, ngn sch d chi
Phn b ngi s dng
Phn b trang thit b
Thi gian
Thin hng
Nhn lc

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
B. Cc rng buc v tin hc:
Phn cng
Phn mm
Ngun nhn lc

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
C. Cc phng n gii php
Xy dng bin gii phn chia phn th cng v
tin hc cho cc phng n
Xc nh cch thc x l tng ng vi tng
phng n

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
D. nh gi cc phng n ca gii php:
Phn tch chi ph / li ch
Trc tip - Gin tip
Bin ng - C nh
Hu hnh - V hnh

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
D. nh gi cc phng n ca gii php:
Phn tch a tiu chun
- Xc nh cc tiu chun cn nh gi
- Cho mi tiu chun mt trng s
- Tnh im mi phng n theo tiu chun
- Cng im cho mi phng n
- Tng im chnh l ch tiu so snh cc
phng n

P. n 1
Trng s Mc
im

Chtlngtt
50
Tin cy
20
y
10
Thch hp
5
D hiu
5
Bo mt
5

5
100
5
50
4
20
4
20 4
20 4
20

P. n 2

P. n 3

Mc
im

Mc
im

4
80 5
50 4
20 4
20 4
20 2
10

3
60 4
40 4
20 4
20 3
15 2
10

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.5 THIT K VT L NGOI:
3.5.1 Mc tiu: thit k cc giao din vo ra, cc
tng tc vi phn tin hc ho, cc th tc th
cng.
3.5.2 Thit k thng tin vo:
La chn phng tin nhp tin
Thit k khun dng cho thng tin nhp

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
Thit k khun dng cho thng tin nhp
Thit k mn hnh nhp liu c khun dng ging
ti liu gc
Nhm cc trng trn mn hnh theo trt t c
ngha, trt t t nhin, tn s, chc nng hoc tm
quan trng
Khng nhp cc thng tin c th tnh ton hoc
truy tm c
t cc gi tr ngm nh ph hp
t tn trng trc hoc trn trng nhp

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.5.3 Thit k thng tin ra:
La chn phng tin xut tin:
Giy
Mn hnh
Ting ni
Cc vt mang tin t tnh, quang tnh
Thit k khun dng cho thng tin nhp

Thit k trang in trn giy:

- D liu in theo biu
- D liu in theo bng
- D liu in theo bng c s phn nhm
Thit k thng tin ra trn mn hnh:
Mn hnh tng i nh nn cn thit k c th kim
sot thng tin trn mn hnh. Thit k sao cho ngi s
dng c th dng cc phm: ,, Page Up, Page Down hoc
thanh cun Scroll Bar hoc dng phng php lc d liu.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.5.4 Thit k cc giao tc vi phn tin hc
ho:
Giao tc bng tp hp lnh
Giao tc bng cc phm trn bn phm
Giao tc trn thc n
Giao tc trn biu tng

Giao tc thng quan h thng menu

Giao tc thng quan h thng menu

Giao tc thng quan h thng menu

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.6 TRIN KHAI H THNG THNG TIN:
3.6.1 Mc tiu:
Thit k vt l trong
Lp trnh
Th nghim
Hon thin h thng cc ti liu
o to ngi s dng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.6.2 Thit k vt l trong:
a. Thit k c s d liu vt l trong: m bo
c s d liu cha tt c cc d liu chnh,
khng c d liu d tha.
tip cn d liu nhanh chng v c hiu qu
dng hai phng thc: ch s ho cc tp v
thm cc tp d liu h tr

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
b. Thit k vt l trong cc x l:
CHO THU BNG
A
TRA CU
DM A

A
PHIM

KIM TRA
KHO A

A CA
NHC

GHI
CHP

CHO
THU

THU
TIN

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.6.3 Lp chng trnh my tnh:
y l qu trnh chuyn i cc c t thit
k vt l ca cc nh phn tch thnh phn
mm my tnh do cc lp trnh vin m
nhn.
Ch: mi khi mt m un c vit xong
th tin hnh th nghim ring m un
nh mt phn ca chng trnh ln, th
chng trnh nh mt phn ca h thng

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.6.4 Cc k thut th nghim chng trnh:
R sot li c trng
K thut kim tra logic
K thut th nghim th cng
K thut th nghim Modun
K thut tch hp
Th nghim h thng
K thut th nghim STUB

3.6.4 Cc k thut th nghim chng trnh:

K thut kim tra logic
(Ngn ng PASCAL)
Delta = b*b 4ac;
IF (Delta > 0) THEN;
X1 = (-b + SQRT(Delta)) / 2a;
X2 = (-b - SQRT(Delta)) / 2a;
IF (Delta = 0) THEN;
X1 = -b / 2a;
IF (Delta < 0) THEN;
END;

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.6.5 Hon thin ti liu h thng:
Cc thit k bo co
S cu trc: s dng d liu, s quan
h thc th, cc bng quyt nh
Thit k mn hnh
Thit k chng trnh
Cc phng php th nghim
D liu dng th nghim
Kt qu th nghim

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7 CI T, BO TR V KHAI THC H
THNG
3.7.1 Mc tiu: tch hp h thng c pht
trin vo cc hot ng ca t chc sao cho t
sai st nht, p ng c nhng thay i c
th sy ra trong sut qu trnh s dng.
Chuyn i v k thut
Chuyn i v con ngi

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7.2 Cc phng php ci t:
Ci t trc tip
H thng c
Ci t h
thng mi
H thng
mi

Thi gian

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7.2 Cc phng php ci t:
Ci t song song
H thng c
Ci t h
thng mi
H thng
mi

Thi gian

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7.2 Cc phng php ci t:
Ci t th im cc b: ci t song song
p dng cho mt b phn
H thng c
Ci t h
thng mi
H thng
mi

Thi gian

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7.2 Cc phng php ci t:
Ci t th im cc b: ci t trc tip p
dng cho mt b phn
H thng c
Ci t h
thng mi
H thng
mi

Thi gian

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7.2 Cc phng php ci t:
Ci t ci t theo giai on
H thng
c
Ci t
m un 1

H thng
c Ko m
un
1 t
Ci

H thng c
Ko m un
1,2

m un 2
M un 1
mi
M un 1, 2
mi

Thi
gian

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7.3 Bo tr h thng thng tin:
a. Qui trnh bo tr h thng thng tin:
- Thu nhn cc yu cu bo tr
- Chuyn i cc yu cu thnh nhng thay
i cn thit
- Thit k cc thay i cn thit
- Trin khai cc thay i

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
b. Cc kiu bo tr:
Bo tr hiu chnh: cc li thit k, lp trnh cn
tim n sau ci t
Bo tr thch nghi: sa i h thng ph hp vi
mi trng
Bo tr hon thin: ci tin h thng gii
quyt nhng vn mi hoc tn dng li th ca
nhng c hi mi
Bo tr phng nga: phng nga cc vn sy
ra trong tng lai.

CHNG III: PHN TCH, THIT K V

CI T H THNG THNG TIN
3.7.4 nh gi sau ci t:
- nh gi d n: v thi gian v ngn sch
dnh cho d n so vi d kin
- nh gi h thng: xem xt h thng c t
c mc tiu ra khng

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH
4.1.1 Chc nng h thng thng tin ti chnh
Kim sot v phn tch iu kin ti chnh ca
doanh nghip
Qun tr cc h thng k ton
Qun tr qu trnh lp ngn sch, d ton vn
Qun tr cng n khch hng
Qun l dng tin ca doanh nghip

4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH

Tnh v chi tr lng, qun l qu lng, ti sn, thu

hng ho v cc loi thu khc
Qun tr bo him cho cng nhn v ti sn doanh
nghip
H tr qu trnh kim ton bo m tnh chnh xc
thng tin ti chnh v bo v vn u t
Qun l ti sn c nh, qu lng v cc khon u
t
nh gi cc khon u t mi v kh nng huy ng
vn ca cc khon u t

4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH

4.1.2 Cc h thng thng tin phc v qun tr

ti chnh:
H thng thng tin ti chnh chin lc: xc
nh cc mc tiu u t v thu hi u t, tn
dng cc c hi u t mi hoc kt hp ngun
vn u t cho doanh nghip
* H thng phn tch tnh hnh ti chnh doanh
nghip
* H thng d bo di hn

4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH

4.1.2 Cc HTTT phc v qun tr ti chnh:

H thng thng tin ti chnh sch lc: h
tr ra quyt nh mc sch lc bng cc bo
co tng hp nh k, t xut v cc bo co
c bit
* H thng thng tin ngn sch
* H thng qun l vn bng tin
* H thng d ton vn
* H thng qun tr u t

4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH

4.1.2 Cc h thng thng tin phc v qun tr
ti chnh:
H thng thng tin ti chnh tc nghip:
* H thng thng tin k ton
* H thng thng tin k ton t ng

4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH

* H thng thng tin k ton: gm 4 nhm
chu trnh nghip v chnh:
Chu trnh tiu th
Chu trnh cung cp
Chu trnh sn xut
Chu trnh ti chnh

4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH

* H thng thng tin k ton: cng vic ca k
ton vin i vi cc chng trnh k ton
thit k sn l
Nhp s liu
In bo co k ton qun tr
Hoc
Nhp s liu
Thc hin thao tc cui k

In bo co k ton qun tr

4.1 H THNG THNG TIN TI CHNH

4.1.3 Cc phn mm qun l ti chnh :

Phn mm bng tnh
Phn mm thng k v d bo
Phn mm ngn ng truy vn v sinh bo co
Cc h thng k ton t ng ho
Cc h thng kim ton v an ton t ng ho
Cc phn mm phn tch ti chnh chuyn dng

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.2 H THNG THNG TIN SN XUT
4.2.1 Chc nng h thng thng tin sn xut
Cung cp nguyn vt liu v cc yu t sn
xut khc
Kim tra cht lng nguyn vt liu
Tm kim ngun nhn lc ph hp
Hoch nh nhu cu nguyn vt liu, nhn
cng, nh xng thit b

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP

4.2.1 Chc nng h thng thng tin sn xut

Sn xut sn phm v cc dch v
Kim tra cht lng sn phm v dch v u
ra
Kim tra v theo di vic s dng v chi ph
cc ngun lc cn thit

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.2.2 Cc h thng thng tin sn xut:
H thng thng tin sn xut chin lc:
* Lp k hoch v nh v doanh nghip
* nh gi v lp k hoch cng ngh
* Xc nh quy trnh thit k sn phm v cng
ngh
* Thit k trin khai doanh nghip

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.2.2 Cc h thng thng tin sn xut:
H thng thng tin sn xut sch lc:
H thng thng tin qun tr v kim sot hng d tr
H thng hoch nh nhu cu nguyn vt liu
Cc h thng thng tin d tr ng thi im (Just

In Time)
H thng thng tin hoch nh nng lc sn xut
H thng thng tin iu sn xut
H thng thng tin pht trin v thit k sn phm

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.2.2 Cc h thng thng tin sn xut:
H thng thng tin sn xut tc nghip
H thng thng tin mua hng
H thng thng tin nhn hng
H thng thng tin kim tra cht lng
H thng thng tin giao hng
H thng thng tin k ton chi ph gi thnh

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.2.3 Cc phn mm phc v quyt nh sn
xut:
Phn mm a nng
Phn mm qun tr CSDL
Phn mm qun l d n
Phn mm bng tnh
Phn mm thng k

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.2.3 Cc phn mm phc v quyt nh sn
xut:
Phn mm chuyn dng
Phn mm kim tra cht lng
Phn mm sn xut v thit k
Phn mm la trn nguyn vt liu
Phn mm hoch nh nhu cu nguyn vt liu

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.3 H THNG THNG TIN VN PHNG:
4.3.1 Chc nng ca h thng thng tin vn
phng:
H tr qun tr
X l ti liu
X l d liu

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.3.2 Mt s phng php t chc vn
phng:
Phng php tp trung ho
Phng php phi tp trung
Phng php t chc theo chc nng
Phng php t chc cc nhm lm vic

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.3.3 Cc cng ngh vn phng:
H thng x l vn bn
H thng sao chp
H thng hnh nh v ho
Cc thit b a nng

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.4 H THNG THNG TIN MARKETING
4.4.1 Chc nng ca h thng thng tin
Marketing:
Nghin cu th trng, lp k hoch
Pht trin sn phm mi: Qung co, Khuyn
mi, Bn hng
Lu kho
Phn phi hng ho v dch v

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.4.2 Cc h thng thng tin Marketing:
H thng thng tin Marketing chin lc: lp
k hoch v pht trin sn phm mi, tin hnh
d bo di hn

H thng thng tin Marketing sch

lc:qun l, kim tra bn hng, cc k thut
xc tin bn hng, gi c, phn phi cung cp
hng ho dch v

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.4.2 Cc h thng thng tin Marketing:
H thng thng tin Marketing tc nghip:
cc h thng h tr bn hng ho v dch v:
H thng thng tin khch hng tim nng
H thng thng tin lin h khch hng
H thng bn hng t xa
H thng thng tin th trc tip
H thng cung cp sn phm
H thng thng tin phn phi

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.4.3 Phn mm my tnh dnh cho Marketing:
Cc phn mm ng dng cho chc nng Marketing
Phn mm truy vn v sinh bo co
Cc phn mm ha v h thng a phng tin
Phn mm thng k
Phn mm qun tr tp v c s d liu
Phn mm x l vn bn v ch bn in t
Phn mm bng tnh in t
Phn mm in thoi v th in t

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.4.3 Phn mm my tnh dnh cho Marketing:
Phn mm Marketing chuyn bit

Phn
Phn
Phn
Phn

Phn mm Marketing tch hp

mm
mm
mm
mm

tr gip nhn vin bn hng

qun l bn hng
Marketing qua in thoi
tr gip khch hng

C s d liu Marketing trc tuyn

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.5 H THNG THNG TIN QUN TR NHN
LC
4.5.1 Chc nng ca h thng qun tr nhn
lc:
Lu gi cc thng tin cc thng tin v nhn s
v lp bo co nh k.
Cung cp cc cng c m phng, d bo, phn
tch thng k, truy vn thc hin cc chc nng
x l ngun nhn lc khc.

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.5.2 Cc h thng thng tin qun tr nhn
lc:
H thng thng tin nhn lc chin lc:
H thng d bo cu ngun nhn lc
H thng d bo cung ngun nhn lc

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.5.2 Cc h thng thng tin qun tr nhn
lc:
H thng thng tin nhn lc sch lc:
H thng thng tin phn tch thit k cng vic
H thng thng tin tuyn chn nhn lc
H thng thng tin qun l lng thng v bo

him tr cp
H thng thng tin o to v pht trin ngun nhn
lc

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP

H thng thng tin nhn lc tc nghip:

H thng thng tin qun l lng

H thng thng tin qun tr v tr lm vic
H thng thng tin qun l ngi lao ng
H thng nh gi tnh hnh thc hin cng vic v

con ngi
H thng thng tin bo co ln cp trn
H thng tuyn chn nhn vin v sp xp cng vic

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.5.3 Phn mm h thng thng tin qun tr
nhn lc:
Phn mm a nng:
Phn mm qun tr CSDL
Cc CSDL trc tuyn
Phn mm bng tnh
Phn mm thng k

CHNG IV: CC H THNG THNG TIN

PHC V QUN L DOANH NGHIP
4.5.3 Phn mm h thng thng tin qun tr
nhn lc:
Phn mm chuyn dng:
Phn mm h thng thng tin nhn lc thng minh
Phn mm chc nng hu hn