- Genome of the webworm Hyphantria cunea unveils genetic adaptations supporting its rapid invasion and spread. - Silk-web-related genes were identified from the genome, and successful silencing of the silk protein gene HcunFib-H resulted in a significant decrease in silk web shelter production. - Full list of author information is available at the end of the article. - For example, the gut bacteria of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria could protect the. - Therefore, to gain new insights into the environ- mental adaptations of the fall webworm at the micro- biome level, the compositional diversity of the gut microbiota in H. - had performed a genome study on Hyphantria cunea and provided some insights into the rapid adaptation of the fall webworm to changing environ- ments and host plants [47], in this study, a higher quality genome sequence of H. - cunea was 563.96 Mb with a low heterozygosity of 0.23% and repetitive elements of 36.20% of the whole genome (Figure S1 and Table S1).. - It contains 198.97 Mb of repetitive elements that occupy 35.71% of the genome. - cunea (3.09 Mb), further confirming the high quality of the genome se- quence of H. - Homology analysis of the H. - The results showed that all nodes were sup- ported by strong bootstrap values of 100%, and the topology of the higher taxa was consistent with those of previous phylogenetic studies [50, 51]. - The period from the late Eocene to early Oligocene has been considered as an important transition time and a link between the archaic world of the tropical Eocene and the more modern ecosystems of the Miocene [55].. - CSPs contribute to transportation, sensitivity and possibly the selectivity of the insect olfactory system [10]. - 1 Overview of the H. - Nine of the 20 CSPs were grouped together and spe- cifically expressed in the antennae, four CSPs were highly expressed in pupae relative to other stages, while two CSPs were specifically expressed in the sex gland (Fig. - cunea to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms in its host se- lection. - HcunP450 was most similar to the cytochrome P450 CYP306A1 of the cotton bollworm H. - Compositional diversity of the gut microbiota. - other phyla were less than 1% of the total contigs (Fig. - At the class level, Gammapro- teobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Halobacteria and Clos- tridia comprised 77% of the contigs (Fig. - Functional annotation of the leaf-eating caterpillar gut metagenome. - Our metagenomic analysis led to the identification of 102,787 nonredundant protein-coding genes with an average length of 300 bp (30.80 Mb total length) in the microbiota of the H. - KEGG iPath 2 analysis showed that the metabolic activ- ities of the H. - 2 Expression heatmap of the expanded gene families in different tissues and stages. - a Expression heatmap of the CSP gene family.. - b Expression heatmap of the CCE gene family. - c Expression heatmap of the GST gene family. - d Expression heatmap of the UGT gene family. - The silk gland is a long paired organ of the fall web- worm. - The anatomy of the silk gland in the fall web- worm is quite similar to that of B. - Within 10 days after the injection, the average diameters of the silk balls in the different treatments were as follows: that. - of the noninjected wild type was mm;. - a Anatomy of the larval silk gland of H. - d Diameter of the silk ball after RNAi. - There was a significant decrease in the quantity of silk in the dsHcunFib-H injected group, which was consistent with the dramatic de- crease in the gene expression of HcunFib-H of the dsHcunFib-H-injected group after RNAi. - The silencing of the silk structure protein gene Fib-H led to less silk production and damaged the leaf-silk shelter structure of the fall webworm by breaking the silk- leaf connections (Fig. - In this study, the genome of the fall webworm we ob- tained was of high integrity by PacBio sequencing.. - cunea is more likely to be caused by a larger average intron size, the mechanism is worthy of further study, because the average intron size of the H. - According to the result of the phylogeny of Lepidop- tera, H. - With the expansion of temperate deciduous forests during this epoch, the food sources of the fall webworm increased, which might have contributed to the expansion of the host range of H. - cunea compared to the tested Lepidop- teran species, similar expansions of the chemosensory gene family have also been detected in other insect ge- nomes . - these results are very different from those of the gut microbiome of the host specialist B.. - In the gut microbiota of B. - Thus, the functional annotation of the leaf-eating caterpillar gut metagenome of the fall web- worm was studied.. - The temperature inside the webs is consider- ably higher compared to the ambient temperature, and the interior heat-retention properties of the web rely mainly on the thickness, abundance and color of the web than on behavioral factors [34]. - These physico- chemical characteristics of the silk web are modified by the silk proteins [132]. - Althought, the anatomy of the silk gland of H. - mori, the composition of the silk protein between H. - To explore the function of the silk structure proteins in H.cunea. - SGFs stimulate the transcription of sericin-1 via different bind- ing sites and play a key role in regulating tissue-specific expression of the fibroin gene [143].. - FMBP-1 regulates the specificity of fibroin gene expres- sion by binding the upstream and intronic promoter ele- ments of the fibroin gene [144, 145]. - Fibroinase in the silk gland is a cathepsin L-like cysteine proteinase that can digest silk proteins in the lumen of the silk gland after spinning and is regulated by protease inhibitors [146]. - The first genome of the worldwide invasive pest H.. - cunea, was further explored by silencing one of the silk protein gene HcunFib-H, significantly decreasing the quantity of silk and breaking silk-leaf connections. - First, we performed a preliminary survey to evaluate the genome size, repeat sequence ratio and heterozygosity of the H. - The quality of the li- brary was tested with a Qubit fluorometer (Invitrogen Life Technologies, CA, USA) and an Agilent 2100 Bioa- nalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).. - Based on the optimal assembly results, we evalu- ated the completeness of the genome assembled by WTDBG. - Then, two databases, the Core Eukaryotic Genes Mapping Approach (CEGMA v2.5) [154] and Bench- marking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO v were used to assess the completeness of the WTDBG assembly.. - Moreover, we also performed enrichment analyses of the Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG), GO terms and KEGG pathways.. - The results of the orthologous gene identification were filtered by CAFE’s built-in script, and the global param- eter λ was estimated by the maximum likelihood method. - Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis within two sample groups (stages and tissues) was performed using the EBSeq R package [191], and then the false discovery rate (FDR) was performed based on the Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) procedure [192] to correct the P value of the identified datasets, with the standard of FDR ≤ 0.01 and fold change (FC. - cunea, detailed profiles of the gut microflora were obtained by metagenomic sequen- cing. - 3) to gain a clearer understanding of the bacterial genome data, the host genome data were filtered out by eliminating fall webworm genome sequences.. - a NanoDrop 2000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Wilming- ton DE, USA) and 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, the dsRNA of the four genes was stored at − 80 °C before use. - Because the silk fila- ments were difficult to quantify, they were rolled into a tight ball, and the diameter of the silk ball was used to calculate the silk quantity. - Using the formula: genome size = k-mer count/peak of the kmer distribution, thereinto, k = 19.. - The final number of genes supported by homologous prediction and transcriptome prediction was 14,688, accounting for a significant proportion (95.88%) of 15,319 (the total number of protein-coding genes), showing the high quality of the prediction.. - GO annotation of the H. - KOG annotation of the H. - The horizontal axis represents the number of alternative splicing events under the corresponding event, and the vertical axis represents the abbreviation of the classification of alternative splicing events. - COG functional enrichment analysis annotation of the metagenomic data. - BLASTp was used to compare the se- quences of the nonredundant gene sets with the CAZy database to obtain the gene annotation information.. - Results of the preliminary survey. - The detail of the genome versions used in this study. - Annotation results of the metagenome data. - 2017E0272), the Open Project Program of the Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization (No. - 2412019FZ022), the Fund for Fostering Talents in Basic Science of the National Natural Science (No. - Biology and Management of the Fall Webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Erebidae). - Molecular evolution of the major chemosensory gene families in insects. - The chemoreceptor superfamily in the honey bee, Apis mellifera: expansion of the odorant, but not gustatory, receptor family. - Heat retention by webs of the fall webworm Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae): infrared warming and forced convective cooling. - A draft sequence for the genome of the domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori). - Multifaceted biological insights from a draft genome sequence of the tobacco hornworm moth, Manduca sexta. - Analysis of the antennal transcriptome and insights into olfactory genes in Hyphantria cunea (Drury). - Shotgun proteomic analysis of the Bombyx mori anterior silk gland: an insight into the biosynthetic fiber spinning process. - Study on fibroin heavy chain of the silkworm Bombyx mori by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). - A Paleobotanical interpretation of tertiary climates in the northern hemisphere: data from fossil plants make it possible to reconstruct tertiary climatic changes, which may be correlated with changes in the inclination of the earth's rotational axis. - Comparative analysis of the UDP-. - Differential expression of the detoxification genes in the different life stages of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. - Bacterial community in midguts of the silkworm larvae estimated by PCR/DGGE and 16S rDNA gene library analysis. - Enterobacteria-mediated nitrogen fixation in natural populations of the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. - Comparative shotgun metagenomic data of the silkworm Bombyx mori gut microbiome. - Metagenomic insights into metabolic capacities of the gut microbiota in a fungus- cultivating termite (Odontotermes yunnanensis). - Gene expression analysis in the larval silk gland of the eri silkworm Samia ricini. - Temperature profiles inside webs of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae): Influence of weather, compass orientation, and time of day. - A contribution of the core-promoter and its surrounding regions to the preferential transcription of the fibroin gene in posterior silk gland extracts. - Structural insights into the unique inhibitory mechanism of the silkworm protease inhibitor serpin18. - Comparative proteome analysis of multi-layer cocoon of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. - Genetic adaptations of the plateau zokor in high-elevation burrows. - Evolution of the elytral venation and structural adaptations in the oldest Palaeozoic beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tshekardocoleidae)
Xem thử không khả dụng, vui lòng xem tại trang nguồn hoặc xem
Tóm tắt