- In the present study, we observed that a compensatory growth phenomenon could be induced by adequate refeeding following 7 days of fasting in S. - Conclusion: In the present work, we reported the transcriptome profiles of S. - During fasting, the genes involved in the mobilization of stored energy were up-regulated, while the genes associated with growth were down-regulated. - Musculature provides the largest store of protein in the body of fish. - In the present study, the growth compensation phenomenon was observed in S. - The variation among individuals was minimized by mix- ing equal amounts of RNA from five samples in the same group. - Many metabolism-relevant genes were significantly up- regulated in the muscle after 7 days of fasting (Fig. - a Classification of the assembled unigenes in the Gene Ontology (GO) database. - b Classification of the assembled unigenes in the Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG) database. - c Classification of the assembled unigenes in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. - A total of 316 down-regulated DEGs were mapped to 243 pathways in the KEGG database, of which 26 pathways (Fig. - The expression profiles of some of the down-regulated DEGs from RNA-seq are shown in Fig. - The expression of CDK1 and MHCII in the control and test groups was analyzed using qRT-PCR (Fig. - It’s worth noting that among the 94 up regulated genes in the refeeding group, 38 of them increased in one or two fasting samples too. - In the remaining DEGs, 9 genes involved in myofiber structure (ACTC1, ACT2, ACTA1, MHC, MLC1, MYL2, TM1, TNT, and TNNT3) were signifi- cantly up-regulated (Additional file 1: Figure S2 and Table 1). - compared with the control group at the same point and then sharply increased and became significantly higher than that in the control group with refeeding for 7 days;. - after refeeding for 33 days, the ACT2 expression de- creased, but it was still significantly higher than that in the control group (p . - a classification of the up-regulated DEGs in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. - b expression profiles of the parts of up-regulated DEGs from the RNA-seq result. - c RNF25 and SCL27A3 expression profiles in the control and test groups from the qRT-PCR result. - The analyses confirmed the reliability and accuracy of the RNA-seq result.. - The myofiber sections of the control groups are shown in Fig. - 8a–c and those of the test groups are shown in Fig. - a classification of the down-regulated DEGs in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. - c the expression of CDK1 and MHCII in the control and test groups from the qRT-PCR result. - TRINITY_DN39233_c1_g2 7.17 6.64E-03 Putative uncharacterized transposon-derived protein F52C9.6 F52C9.6 TRINITY_DN26948_c0_g1 7.15 6.88E-03 Troponin C, isotype gamma. - 6 Expression profiles of some of the genes associated with myofibers under prolonged refeeding. - CPT1s participate in the movement of acylcarnitine from the cytosol into the intermembrane of mitochondria [31], and its up-regulation contributes to fatty acid oxidation. - Lipin-1 has phos- phatidate phosphatase activity and plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of adipocytes [33]. - Most of these genes were involved in the cell cycle, DNA replication, extracellular matrix, protein synthesis, and immune and stimulus responses. - it plays a critical role in the maintenance of normal mitosis during cell division [39, 40]. - HRAS is a GTPase involved in the regulation of cell division [41]. - DNA repli- cation is a vital event in the mitotic cell cycle and showed signs of down-regulation by fasting. - g and h indicate the longest and shortest diameters of cross-section in the control and test groups, respectively. - Previous studies have also shown that many genes related to immune and antimicro- bial peptides were down-regulated in the liver following starvation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) [51].. - Their expression levels were significantly higher than those in the control group. - Based on the above results, we suggest that muscle over- growth may play an important role in the compensatory growth of fish.. - In the present experiment, we carried out an analysis of the transcriptome profiles of S. - After refeeding, most of the genes down-regulated during fasting were recovered, while many genes associated with the struc- ture of myofibers were up-regulated. - Significantly enriched pathways in the given gene set compared to the genome background are defined by a hypergeometric test. - The primers used in the qRT-PCR analysis are shown in Additional file 1: Table S1. - The reaction procedure was as mentioned in the manufac- turer’s instructions for the SYBR Green PCR Master Mix. - The dorsal muscle tissues obtained in the preceding experiment were fixed for 24 h in Bouin solution. - The body weight and myocyte sizes of fish in the control and test groups were analyzed using Student ’ s t-test. - Supplementary information accompanies this paper at https://doi.org/10.. - All the data obtained in the current study have been presented in this article. - https://doi.org . - Transcriptome analysis for identification of genes related to gonad differentiation, growth, immune response and marker discovery in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149414.. - https://doi.org/10.1111/j x.. - https://doi.org/10.. - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074581.. - Liver transcriptome analysis of the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) during fasting by using RNA-seq. - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150240.. - https://doi.org/10.1016/S . - doi.org/10.1046/j x.. - https://doi.. - org/10.1016/j.aquaculture . - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.. - Appetite and growth compensation in the European minnow, Phoxinus phoxinus (Cyprinidae), following short periods of food restriction. - Compensatory growth in the gibel carp following feed deprivation: temporal patterns in growth, nutrient deposition, feed intake and body composition. - https://doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.2000.1505.. - https://doi.org/10.1111/j tb04869.x.. - https://doi.org/10.1111/j tb04846.x.. - https://doi.org/10.1007/s . - Characterization of the. - https://doi.org/10.1007/s x.. - https://doi.org/10.1186/s . - https://doi.org/10.1046/j.. - https://doi.org/10.1046/j x.. - doi.org/10.1111/j x.. - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb . - https://doi.org/10.1089/. - https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.. - https://doi.org/10.5601/jelem . - https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M004669200.. - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.. - https://doi.org/10.1002/prot.21952.. - https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E10-01-0073.. - Tripartite degrons confer diversity and specificity on regulated protein degradation in the ubiquitin- proteasome system. - https://doi.org/10.1038/. - https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.109801.. - doi.org . - https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.6.4.371.. - https://doi.org/10.1016/. - doi.org/10.1074/jbc . - PCNA, the maestro of the replication fork. - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell . - doi.org/10.1016/S . - https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1208074.. - https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1502265.. - https://doi.org/10.1186/. - https://doi.org/10.1002/cm.20476.. - Proteomic analysis of the fast-twitch muscle of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) after prolonged fasting and compensatory growth. - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd . - https://doi.org/. - 10.1007/s . - The flexibility of the collagen compartment of muscle. - https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1883.. - https://doi.org/10.1186/gb r106.
Xem thử không khả dụng, vui lòng xem tại trang nguồn hoặc xem
Tóm tắt