Cng c h tr lab CCNP/CCIE (phn 1)

Gii thiu v IOU - cng c Lab CCNP/CCIE hiu qu, thay th cho phn mm gi lp GNS3 trong vic m phng
cc bi Lab
Cng c h tr lab CCNP/CCIE
Phn 1: Cisco IOS on Unix

1. Cisco IOS l g?

Cisco IOS (Internetwork Operating System) l h iu hnh a nhim c s dng rng

ri trn cc sn phm Router v Switch ca hng Cisco.

2. Cisco IOU l g?
Theo Cisco Engineering Education Web Site (kh lu trc y):

Cisco IOS on Unix, cn c gi l Cisco IOU, l mt phin bn hon thin ca IOS chy
trn mt process mc ngi dng ca h iu hnh Unix (Solaris), ch c chia s trong
ni b Cisco. IOU c xy dng nh mt image thun ty trn Solaris v chy nh mi
chng trnh khc. IOU h tr mi giao thc v tnh nng m khng ph thuc vo nn
tng.

3. IOU chy trn h iu hnh g?

Ban u, Cisco to ra IOU ch chy trn Solaris SPARC (Solaris ci trn server c kin trc
SPARC ca hng Sun). Hin nay c nhng bn build IOS on Linux (IOL) chy trn nn
tng x86/amd64.

Do khng phi ai cng c th s hu server SPARC nn phin bn c s dng nhiu

nht hin nay l IOL, nhng v mi ngi qu quen vi thut ng IOU, nn t phn ny
tr i chng ta s dng IOU ch phin bn IOS trn Linux.

4. Khi no cn dng IOU?

Cisco Packet Tracer v GNS3 l 2 phn mm chnh m phng mng c s dng cho vic
o to chng ch CCNA, CCNP hoc test cc c trng ca mng.
i vi nhng ngi hc CCNA, chng ta ch cn dng phn mm Cisco Packet Tracer -
phn mm m phng (simulate) nhng giao thc, tnh nng c bn ca Router/Switch
Cisco. Nhc im ca Cisco Packet Tracer l phn mm ch m phng cc hin tng,
ch khng c gi tin chy tht s.
lab nhng giao thc, tnh nng nng cao hn nh trong chng trnh CCNP, bn c th
dng GNS3 - phn mm gi lp phn cng Router v chy IOS tht trn . Nhc im
ca GNS3 l chim dng ti nguyn ca my, khng chy c IOS ca switch nn
khng lab c cc tnh nng nng cao ca Switch.

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Khi mun lab tnh nng nng cao ca switch Cisco hoc nhng bi lab CCIE cn chy
hng chc, thm ch hng trm thit b cng lc, bn nn dng IOU. IOU h tr hu ht cc
tnh nng ca IOS tht, ty thuc vo image bn s dng.

Mt bi lab CCIE chy 140 thit b

Mt s tnh nng m IOU c th khng h tr/chy c:

Not supported/working on Layer 3 IOL (Linux)
Multicast with BSR
NTP Authentication
Routing loops (IOL will crash)
Not supported/working on Layer 2 IOL (Linux)
802.1q Tunneling
Cisco ISL trunks
DHCP Snooping
HSRP address not pingable

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 L2 PortChannel (not working on 12.2, working on 15.0)
L3 PortChannel
NVI NAT (classic NAT works on TPGEN images only)
PVLAN
QinQ
Routing loops (IOL will crash)
SPAN/RSPAN/ERSPAN
5. Download v chn IOU image.
Cc IOU image c chia s mi nht hin gi l b v4.7, cc bn c th download
ti y hoc torrent.
IOU image chia thnh 2 bn chnh l L2 (switch) v L3 (router). Mi bn c rt nhiu
image c build vi mc ch khc nhau, v d ipbase c tnh nng c bn, tpgen c cng
c to gi traffic, adventerprise c y tnh nng, adventerprisek9 th c tnh nng bo
mt v m ha mnh hn...
Nh ni trn, cc image IOU n nh nht hin gi vn cn mt s li nh nhng
khng qu quan trng. Mnh test cc image b v3.7, theo nh gi ca mnh th y l
mt s image IOU n nh:
- L2:
o i86bi-linux-l2-upk9-15.0a.bin
o i86bi-linux-l2-upk9-15.0b.bin
- L3:
o i86bi-linux-l3-adventerprisek9-15.2.2.03T.bin
Trong b v4.7 cn mt s image mi m mnh cha test (cc image c compile
vo nm 2014-2015), cc bn c th t test tm c image tt nht.

Cch s dng Cisco IOU.

chy c IOU, bn cn 1 my chy h iu hnh Linux, 32-bit hay 64-bit u c.
Ngoi file image IOU, to c lab bn cn file IOURC v file NETMAP.
IOURC l file cu hnh ca Cisco IOU, image IOU khi khi ng s tm license key trong
file ny. License key hp l c th nm trong mt trang web ni b ca Cisco. License key
ph thuc vo 2 yu t: hostname v hostid ca my Linux m IOU chy trn . Tuy
nhin, mt vi ngi dch ngc m ngun IOU image v to ra keygen.
NETMAP l file m t topology ca bi lab, c nhim v kt ni dy gia cc IOU
instance vi nhau.

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Khi c IOU image, IOURC v NETMAP file, bn c th to bi lab bng lnh trn
Linux. Vic ny yu cu bn phi c kin thc v qun tr Linux - mt iu kh kh khn
vi nhiu ngi.
Hin nay c 2 cng c front-end interface cho php to lab IOU n gin i rt nhiu, l
GNS3 v Unified Networking Lab (UNetLab). Hai cng c ny ch qun l lab mt
topology, back-end vn l IOU chy trn my o Linux. Cch s dng 2 cng c ny s
c cp nht 2 bi vit tip theo.

Cng c h tr lab CCNP/CCIE (phn 2)

bi vit ny mnh s hng dn dng GNS3 tch hp IOU. Nu bn thch mi trng GNS3 quen thuc th nn
dng cch ny.
Phn 2: GNS3 tch hp IOU
1. GNS3 v GNS3 VM.
Nh ni bi vit trc, GNS3 ch qun l lab mt topology, bn vn cn 1 my linux
chy IOU. GNS3 to ra GNS3 VM - my o chy Ubuntu c cu hnh sn
tch hp vo giao din GNS3.

Ti GNS3 ti https://www.gns3.com/software/download, yu cu ng k ti khon.

Ti GNS3 VM ti https://github.com/GNS3/gns3-gui/releases, cc bn nn chn bn
GNS3 VM dnh cho VMware Workstation.

2. Ci t GNS3 v import GNS3 VM.

- Ci t GNS3 v VMware Workstation.

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- Gii nn GNS3.VM.VMware.Workstation.1.5.1.zip c file GNS3
VM.ova
- Click p vo GNS3 VM.ova import my o vo VMware Workstation.

3. Cu hnh GNS3.
- Sau khi import xong, bt my o trc, sau bt GNS3, kt ni GNS3 vi
GNS3 VM.

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- Add cc IOU image vo GNS3 VM.

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- Ci t IOURC:
Nu khng c file IOURC th image s khng th khi ng c. File ny cha
license, ph thuc vo hostname v hostid ca my GNS3 VM.

Mnh to file IOURC cho GNS3 VM bn 1.5.1 ti y. Nu nh GNS3 thay

i hostname v hostid sau phin bn ny th bn c th t to ra license bng
keygen ny (chy python trn linux).

Vo Edit>Preferences>IOS on UNIX, thm ng dn file IOURC ti

dng Path to IOURC

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 4. To bi lab.

Cc bn c th th sc vi cc bi lab CCIE ti:

https://www.gns3.com/discussions/dan-s-ccie-r-s-lab-v0-2-140-iou-

Cng c h tr lab CCNP/CCIE (Phn 3)

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Bi vit ny hng dn dng Unified Networking Lab - mt cng c mnh v c rt nhiu ngi s dng to
cc bi lab CCNP/CCIE.
Phn 3: Unified Networking Lab
Bi vit ny hng dn dng Unified Networking Lab - mt cng c mnh v c rt
nhiu ngi s dng to cc bi lab CCNP/CCIE.

1. Unified Networking Lab l g?

Khi m n tn u nm 2014 th GNS3 mi bt u tch hp IOU th trc vo

cui nm 2012, mt CCIE ngi to ra iou-web - mt front-end web interface
qun l IOU v c cng ng Cisco s dng rt nhiu. Nm 2014, CCIE ny
pht trin iou-web li t u v to ra cng c Unified Networking Lab. ng nh
tn gi ca n, UNetLab h tr chy rt nhiu loi node (IOU, Dynamips,
QEMU,...) trong cng mt host. Ngoi IOU, cc image m UNetLab h tr c th
tham kho y.

UNetLab thc cht l mt my o Linux c cu hnh sn web-interface to,

qun l v chia s cc bi lab d dng nht.
Download ti: http://www.unetlab.com/download/index.html

2. Import UNetLab vo VMware Workstation.

- Click p vo file Unified Networking Lab-1.0.0-8.ova import.

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- Chn Edit virtual machine settings, sa cu hnh theo bn, sau
dng Processors tick vo Virtualize Intel VT-x/EPT or AMD-V/RVI

3. Cu hnh UNetLab.

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 - Khi ng my o, ca s console s hin ra:
- ng nhp bng ti khon root, mt khu l unl
- i mt khu cho ti khon root
- Cc thng tin cn li (hostname, dns domain name, use dhcp, ntp server...)
mc nh. Lu license ph thuc vo hostname, dns domain name v
hostid nn hy mc nh.
- Sau khi cu hnh xong, UNetLab s khi ng li, lc ny bn c th ssh vo
qun l my o.
- Dng WinSCP ng nhp bng ti khon root, upload cc image v
file iourc ln th mc /opt/unetlab/addons/iol/bin/
- SSH vo s dng ti khon root, g lnh di sa li permission v
upgrade UNetLab ln phin bn mi nht.
/opt/unetlab/wrappers/unl_wrapper -a fixpermissions
apt-get update
apt-get -y upgrade
4. S dng web-interface to lab.
- Dng trnh duyt vo trang http://ip_unetlab/
- ng nhp bng ti khon admin, pass unl
- To lab mi, thm thit b Cisco IOL v bt th.

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 5. Tham kho hng dn s dng.
http://www.unetlab.com/documentation/index.html
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCh-RxHfEpYzo2Sgflq4_vAA/videos
http://www.unlcloud.com/
Vic cui cng l lm quen vi giao din ca UNetLab. Rt nhiu cc bi lab CCNP/CCIE
c chia s di nh dng zip import vo UNetLab. Bn c th lab c rt nhiu th
nu khai thc hiu qu.

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