LUT BO V MI TRNG Mi trng c tm quan trng c bit i vi i sng ca con ngi, sinh vt v s pht trin kinh t, vn ho, x hi ca t nc,

dn tc v nhn loi; nng cao hiu lc qun l Nh nc v trch nhim ca chnh quyn cc cp, cc c quan Nh nc, t chc kinh t, t chc x hi, n v v trang nhn dn v mi c nhn trong vic bo v mi trng nhm bo v sc kho nhn dn, bo m quyn con ngi c sng trong mi trng trong lnh, phc v s nghip pht trin lu bn ca t nc, gp phn bo v mi trng khu vc v ton cu; Cn c vo iu 29 v iu 84 ca Hin php nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam nm 1992; Lut ny quy nh vic bo v mi trng. CHNG I NHNG QUY NH CHUNG iu 1 Mi trng bao gm cc yu t t nhin v yu t vt cht nhn to quan h mt thit vi nhau, bao quanh con ngi, c nh hng ti i sng, sn xut, s tn ti, pht trin ca con ngi v thin nhin. Bo v mi trng c quy nh trong Lut ny l nhng hot ng gi cho mi trng trong lnh, sch p, ci thin mi trng, bo m cn bng sinh thi, ngn chn, khc phc cc hu qu xu do con ngi v thin nhin gy ra cho mi trng, khai thc, s dng hp l v tit kim ti nguyn thin nhin. iu 2 Trong Lut ny cc thut ng di y c hiu nh sau: 1- Thnh phn mi trng l cc yu t to thnh mi trng: khng kh, nc, t, m thanh, nh sng, lng t, ni, rng, sng, h, bin, sinh vt, cc h sinh thi, cc khu dn c, khu sn xut, khu bo tn thin nhin, cnh quan thin nhin, danh lam thng cnh, di tch lch s v cc hnh thi vt cht khc. 2- Cht thi l cht c loi ra trong sinh hot, trong qu trnh sn xut hoc trong cc hot ng khc. Cht thi c th dng rn, kh, lng hoc cc dng khc. 3- Cht gy nhim l nhng nhn t lm cho mi trng tr thnh c hi. 4- nhim mi trng l s lm thay i tnh cht ca mi trng, vi phm tiu chun mi trng. 5- Suy thoi mi trng l s lm thay i cht lng v s lng ca thnh phn mi trng, gy nh hng xu cho i sng ca con ngi v thin nhin. 6- S c mi trng l cc tai bin hoc ri ro xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ca con ngi hoc bin i bt thng ca thin nhin, gy suy thoi mi trng nghim trng. S c mi trng c th xy ra do: a- Bo, l, lt, hn hn, nt t, ng t, trt t, st l t, ni la phun, ma axt, ma , bin ng kh hu v thin tai khc; b- Ho hon, chy rng, s c k thut gy nguy hi v mi trng ca c s sn xut, kinh doanh, cng trnh kinh t, khoa hc, k thut, vn ho, x hi, an ninh, quc phng; c- S c trong tm kim, thm d, khai thc v vn chuyn khong sn, du kh, sp hm l, pht du, trn du, v ng ng dn du, dn kh, m tu, s c ti c s lc ho du v cc c s cng nghip khc; d- S c trong l phn ng ht nhn, nh my in nguyn t, nh my sn xut, ti ch nhin liu ht nhn, kho cha cht phng x. 7- Tiu chun mi trng l nhng chun mc, gii hn cho php, c quy nh dng lm cn c qun l mi trng. 8- Cng ngh sch l quy trnh cng ngh hoc gii php k thut khng gy nhim mi trng, thi hoc pht ra mc thp nht cht gy nhim mi trng. 9- H sinh thi l h thng cc qun th sinh vt sng chung v pht trin trong mt mi trng nht nh, quan h tng tc vi nhau v vi mi trng . 10- a dng sinh hc l s phong ph v ngun gien, v ging, loi sinh vt v h sinh thi trong t nhin. 11- nh gi tc ng mi trng l qu trnh phn tch, nh gi, d bo nh hng n mi trng ca cc d n, quy hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi, ca cc c s sn xut, kinh doanh, cng trnh kinh t, vn ho, x hi, an ninh, quc phng v cc cng trnh khc, xut cc gii php thch hp v bo v mi trng. iu 3 Nh nc thng nht qun l bo v mi trng trong phm vi c nc, lp quy hoch bo v mi trng, xy dng tim lc cho hot ng bo v mi trng Trung ng v a phng. Nh nc c chnh sch u t, khuyn khch v bo v quyn li hp php ca t chc, c nhn trong nc, ngoi nc u t di nhiu hnh thc, p dng tin b khoa hc v cng ngh vo vic bo v mi trng. iu 4 Nh nc c trch nhim t chc thc hin vic gio dc, o to, nghin cu khoa hc v cng ngh, ph bin kin thc khoa hc v php lut v bo v mi trng. T chc, c nhn c trch nhim tham gia vo cc hot ng ni ti iu ny. iu 5 Nh nc bo v li ch quc gia v ti nguyn v mi trng. Nh nc Vit Nam m rng quan h hp tc trong lnh vc bo v mi trng vi cc nc trn th gii, cc t chc v c nhn nc ngoi. iu 6 Bo v mi trng l s nghip ca ton dn. T chc, c nhn phi c trch nhim bo v mi trng, thi hnh php lut v bo v mi trng, c quyn v trch nhim pht hin, t co hnh vi vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng. T chc, c nhn nc ngoi hot ng trn lnh th Vit Nam phi tun theo php lut Vit Nam v bo v mi trng. iu 7 T chc, c nhn s dng thnh phn mi trng vo mc ch sn xut, kinh doanh trong trng hp cn thit phi ng gp ti chnh cho vic bo v mi trng. Chnh ph quy nh cc trng hp, mc v phng thc ng gp ti chnh ni ti iu ny. T chc, c nhn gy tn hi mi trng do hot ng ca mnh phi bi thng thit hi theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 8 Quc hi, Hi ng nhn dn, Mt trn T quc Vit Nam v cc t chc thnh vin ca Mt trn trong phm vi nhim v, quyn hn ca mnh c trch nhim kim tra, gim st vic thi hnh php lut v bo v mi trng. Chnh ph, U ban nhn dn cc cp c trch nhim t chc thi hnh php lut v bo v mi trng. iu 9 Nghim cm mi hnh vi lm suy thoi mi trng, gy nhim mi trng, gy s c mi trng. CHNG II PHNG, CHNG SUY THOI MI TRNG, NHIM MI TRNG, S C MI TRNG iu 10 Cc c quan Nh nc trong phm vi chc nng, nhim v ca mnh c trch nhim t chc iu tra, nghin cu, nh gi hin trng mi trng, nh k bo co vi Quc hi v tnh hnh mi trng; xc nh khu vc b nhim mi trng v thng bo cho nhn dn bit; c k hoch phng, chng suy thoi mi trng, nhim mi trng, s c mi trng. T chc, c nhn c trch nhim thc hin vic phng, chng suy thoi mi trng, nhim mi trng, s c mi trng.

iu 11 Nh nc khuyn khch v to iu kin cho t chc, c nhn trong vic s dng v khai thc hp l thnh phn mi trng, p dng cng ngh tin tin, cng ngh sch, tn dng cht thi, tit kim nguyn liu, s dng nng lng ti sinh, ch phm sinh hc trong nghin cu khoa hc, sn xut v tiu dng. iu 12 T chc, c nhn c trch nhim bo v cc ging, loi thc vt, ng vt hoang d, bo v tnh a dng sinh hc, bo v rng, bin v cc h sinh thi. Vic khai thc cc ngun li sinh vt phi theo ng thi v, a bn, phng php v bng cng c, phng tin c quy nh, bo m s hi phc v mt v ging, loi sinh vt, khng lm mt cn bng sinh thi. Vic khai thc rng phi theo ng quy hoch v cc quy nh ca Lut bo v v pht trin rng. Nh nc c k hoch t chc cho cc t chc, c nhn trng rng ph xanh t trng, i ni trc m rng nhanh din tch ca rng, bo v cc vng u ngun sng, sui. iu 13 Vic s dng, khai thc khu bo tn thin nhin, cnh quan thin nhin phi c php ca c quan qun l ngnh hu quan, c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng v phi ng k vi U ban nhn dn a phng c giao trch nhim qun l hnh chnh khu bo tn thin nhin, cnh quan thin nhin ni trn. iu 14 Vic khai thc t nng nghip, t lm nghip, t s dng vo mc ch nui trng thu sn phi tun theo quy hoch s dng t, k hoch ci to t, bo m cn bng sinh thi. Vic s dng cht ho hc, phn ho hc, thuc bo v thc vt, cc ch phm sinh hc khc phi tun theo quy nh ca php lut. Trong sn xut, kinh doanh, xy dng cc cng trnh phi p dng cc bin php hn ch, phng, chng xi mn, st l, trt t, lm t phn ho, mn ho, ngt ho tu tin, ong ho, snh ly ho, sa mc ho. iu 15 T chc, c nhn phi bo v ngun nc, h thng cp nc, thot nc, cy xanh, cng trnh v sinh, thc hin cc quy nh v v sinh cng cng th, nng thn, khu dn c, khu du lch, khu sn xut. iu 16 T chc, c nhn trong sn xut, kinh doanh v cc hot ng khc phi thc hin cc bin php v sinh mi trng, phi c thit b k thut x l cht thi, bo m tiu chun mi trng, phng, chng suy thoi mi trng, nhim mi trng, s c mi trng. Chnh ph quy nh danh mc tiu chun mi trng, phn cp ban hnh v kim tra vic thc hin cc tiu chun . iu 17 T chc, c nhn qun l c s kinh t, khoa hc, k thut, y t, vn ho, x hi, an ninh, quc phng hot ng t trc khi ban hnh Lut ny phi lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca c s mnh c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng thm nh. Trng hp khng bo m tiu chun mi trng, t chc, c nhn phi c bin php x l trong mt thi gian nht nh theo quy nh ca c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng. Nu qu thi hn quy nh m c s x l khng t yu cu th c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng bo co ln c quan Nh nc cp trn trc tip xem xt, quyt nh nh ch hot ng hoc c bin php x l khc. iu 18 T chc, c nhn khi xy dng, ci to vng sn xut, khu dn c, cc cng trnh kinh t, khoa hc, k thut, y t, vn ho, x hi, an ninh, quc phng; ch d n u t ca nc ngoi hoc lin doanh vi nc ngoi, ch d n pht trin kinh t - x hi khc phi lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng thm nh. Kt qu thm nh v Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng l mt trong nhng cn c cp c thm quyn xt duyt d n hoc cho php thc hin. Chnh ph quy nh chi tit vic xy dng v thm nh Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng v c qui nh ring i vi cc c s c bit v an ninh, quc phng ni ti iu 17 v iu ny. Quc hi xem xt, quyt nh i vi d n c nh hng ln n mi trng. Danh mc d n loi ny do U ban Thng v Quc hi quyt nh. iu 19 Vic nhp khu, xut khu cng ngh, my mc, thit b, cc ch phm sinh hc hoc ho hc, cc cht c hi, cht phng x, cc loi ng vt, thc vt, ngun gien, vi sinh vt c lin quan ti bo v mi trng phi c php ca c quan qun l ngnh hu quan v c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng. Chnh ph quy nh danh mc i vi tng lnh vc, tng loi ni ti iu ny. iu 20 T chc, c nhn khi tm kim, thm d, khai thc, vn chuyn, ch bin, ct gi cc loi khong sn v cc ch phm, k c nc ngm phi p dng cng ngh ph hp, thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng, bo m tiu chun mi trng. iu 21 T chc, c nhn khi tm kim, thm d, khai thc, vn chuyn, ch bin, tng tr du kh phi p dng cng ngh ph hp, phi thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng, c phng n phng, trnh r r du, s c trn du, chy n du v phng tin x l kp thi s c . Vic s dng cc ho cht c hi trong qu trnh tm kim, thm d, khai thc v ch bin du kh phi c chng ch k thut v chu s kim tra, gim st ca c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng. iu 22 T chc, c nhn c phng tin giao thng vn ti ng thu, ng khng, ng b, ng st phi tun theo cc tiu chun mi trng v phi chu s gim st, kim tra nh k v vic bo m tiu chun mi trng ca c quan qun l ngnh hu quan v c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng; khng cho lu hnh cc phng tin khng bo m tiu chun mi trng c quy nh. iu 23 T chc, c nhn sn xut, vn chuyn, bun bn, s dng, ct gi, hu b cc cht c hi, cht d gy chy, n, phi tun theo quy nh v an ton cho ngi, sinh vt, khng gy suy thoi mi trng, nhim mi trng, s c mi trng. Chnh ph quy nh danh mc cc cht c hi, cht d gy chy, n ni ti iu ny. iu 24 Vic xc nh a im, thit k, xy dng, vn hnh nh my thuc ngnh cng nghip ht nhn, l phn ng ht nhn, c s nghin cu ht nhn, sn xut, vn chuyn, s dng, ct gi cht phng x, , chn cht thi phng x phi tun theo quy nh php lut v an ton bc x, an ton ht nhn v quy nh ca c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng. iu 25 T chc, c nhn s dng my mc, thit b, vt liu c ngun pht ra bc x in t, bc x ion ho c hi phi tun theo quy nh php lut v an ton bc x v phi thng xuyn kim tra, nh gi tc ng mi trng ca c s mnh v nh k bo co vi c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng. iu 26 Vic t cc im tp trung, bi cha, ni x l, vn chuyn rc v cht gy nhim mi trng phi tun theo quy nh ca c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng v chnh quyn a phng. i vi nc thi, rc thi c cha cht c hi, ngun gy dch bnh, cht d chy, d n, cc cht thi khng phn hu c phi c bin php x l trc khi thi. C quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng quy nh danh mc cc loi nc thi, rc thi ni khon ny v gim st qu trnh x l trc khi thi. iu 27 Vic an tng, qun, p, chn, ho tng, di chuyn thi hi, hi ct cn p dng nhng bin php tin b v tun theo cc quy nh ca Lut bo v sc kho nhn dn bo m v sinh mi trng. Chnh quyn cc cp phi quy hoch ni chn ct, ho tng v hng dn nhn dn b dn cc tp tc lc hu. Ngha a, ni ho tng phi xa khu dn c v cc ngun nc. iu 28 T chc, c nhn trong cc hot ng ca mnh khng c gy ting n, rung ng vt qu gii hn cho php lm tn hi sc kho v nh

hng xu n sinh hot ca nhn dn xung quanh. U ban nhn dn cc cp c trch nhim thc hin cc bin php lm gim ting n ti khu vc bnh vin, trng hc, cng s, khu dn c. Chnh ph quy nh vic hn ch, tin ti nghim cm sn xut pho, t pho. iu 29 Nghim cm cc hnh vi sau y: 1- t ph rng, khai thc khong sn mt cch ba bi gy hu hoi mi trng, lm mt cn bng sinh thi; 2- Thi khi, bi, kh c, mi hi thi gy hi vo khng kh; pht bc x, phng x qu gii hn cho php vo mi trng xung quanh; 3- Thi du m, ho cht c hi, cht phng x qu gii hn cho php, cc cht thi, xc ng vt, thc vt, vi khun, siu vi khun c hi v gy dch bnh vo ngun nc; 4- Chn vi, thi vo t cc cht c hi qu gii hn cho php; 5- Khai thc, kinh doanh cc loi thc vt, ng vt qu, him trong danh mc quy nh ca Chnh ph; 6- Nhp khu cng ngh, thit b khng p ng tiu chun mi trng; nhp khu, xut khu cht thi; 7 - S dng cc phng php, phng tin, cng c hu dit hng lot trong khai thc, nh bt cc ngun ng vt, thc vt. CHNG III KHC PHC SUY THOI MI TRNG, NHIM MI TRNG, S C MI TRNG iu 30 T chc, c nhn trong hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh v cc hot ng khc m lm suy thoi mi trng, nhim mi trng, gy s c mi trng phi thc hin cc bin php khc phc theo quy nh ca U ban nhn dn a phng v c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng, c trch nhim bi thng thit hi theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 31 T chc, c nhn phng x, bc x in t, bc x ion ho qu gii hn cho php phi tin hnh ngay cc bin php x l v khc phc hu qu, bo co kp thi vi c quan qun l ngnh v c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng, ng thi bo co U ban nhn dn a phng gii quyt. iu 32 Vic khc phc s c mi trng bao gm : loi tr nguyn nhn gy s c; cu ngi, cu ti sn; gip , n nh i sng nhn dn; sa cha cc cng trnh; phc hi sn xut; v sinh mi trng, chng dch bnh; iu tra, thng k thit hi, theo di bin ng ca mi trng; phc hi mi trng vng b tc hi. iu 33 Ngi pht hin du hiu xy ra s c mi trng phi bo ngay cho U ban nhn dn a phng, c quan hoc t chc gn nht x l kp thi. T chc, c nhn ni c s c mi trng phi thc hin nhng bin php kp thi khc phc s c mi trng v bo co ngay vi c quan qun l cp trn, U ban nhn dn a phng ni gn nht v c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng. iu 34 S c mi trng xy ra a phng no th Ch tch U ban nhn dn a phng c quyn huy ng khn cp nhn lc, vt t, phng tin khc phc. S c mi trng xy ra trong phm vi nhiu a phng th Ch tch U ban nhn dn cc a phng ni xy ra s c cng phi hp khc phc. Trng hp vt qu kh nng khc phc ca a phng th B trng B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng phi hp vi th trng cc c quan lin quan quyt nh p dng bin php khc phc v bo co Th tng Chnh ph. iu 35 Trng hp s c mi trng c bit nghim trng, Th tng Chnh ph ra quyt nh v vic p dng cc bin php x l khn cp. Khi s c mi trng c bit nghim trng c khc phc, Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh bi b vic p dng bin php x l khn cp. iu 36 C quan c thm quyn huy ng nhn lc, vt t, phng tin khc phc s c mi trng phi thanh ton chi ph cho t chc, c nhn c huy ng theo quy nh ca php lut. CHNG IV QUN L NH NC V BO V MI TRNG iu 37 Ni dung qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng bao gm: 1- Ban hnh v t chc thc hin cc vn bn php lut v bo v mi trng, ban hnh h thng tiu chun mi trng; 2- Xy dng, ch o thc hin chin lc, chnh sch bo v mi trng, k hoch phng, chng, khc phc suy thoi mi trng, nhim mi trng, s c mi trng; 3- Xy dng, qun l cc cng trnh bo v mi trng, cng trnh c lin quan n bo v mi trng; 4- T chc, xy dng, qun l h thng quan trc, nh k nh gi hin trng mi trng, d bo din bin mi trng; 5- Thm nh Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca cc d n v cc c s sn xut, kinh doanh; 6- Cp, thu hi giy chng nhn t tiu chun mi trng; 7- Gim st, thanh tra, kim tra vic chp hnh php lut v bo v mi trng; gii quyt cc tranh chp, khiu ni, t co v bo v mi trng; x l vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng; 8- o to cn b v khoa hc v qun l mi trng; gio dc, tuyn truyn, ph bin kin thc, php lut v bo v mi trng; 9- T chc nghin cu, p dng tin b khoa hc, cng ngh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng; 10- Quan h quc t trong lnh vc bo v mi trng. iu 38 Theo nhim v v quyn hn ca mnh, Chnh ph thng nht qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng trong c nc. B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng chu trch nhim trc Chnh ph thc hin chc nng qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng. Cc B, c quan ngang B, c quan thuc Chnh ph theo chc nng, nhim v v quyn hn ca mnh phi hp vi B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng thc hin vic bo v mi trng trong ngnh v cc c s thuc quyn qun l trc tip. U ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng thc hin chc nng qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng ti a phng. S Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng chu trch nhim trc U ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng trong vic bo v mi trng a phng. iu 39 H thng t chc, chc nng, nhim v v quyn hn ca c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng do Chnh ph quy nh. iu 40 C quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng thc hin chc nng thanh tra chuyn ngnh v bo v mi trng v c trch nhim phi hp vi thanh tra chuyn ngnh ca cc B, ngnh hu quan trong vic bo v mi trng. T chc, nhim v, quyn hn, hot ng v s phi hp ca thanh tra chuyn ngnh trong vic bo v mi trng do Chnh ph quy nh. iu 41 Trong qu trnh thanh tra, on thanh tra hoc Thanh tra vin c quyn: 1- Yu cu cc t chc, c nhn c lin quan cung cp ti liu v tr li nhng vn cn thit cho vic thanh tra; 2- Tin hnh cc bin php kim tra k thut ti hin trng; 3- Quyt nh tm nh ch trong trng hp khn cp cc hot ng c nguy c gy s c nghim trng v mi trng v phi chu trch nhim trc php lut v quyt nh , ng thi bo co ngay vi c quan Nh nc c thm quyn quyt nh x l hoc kin ngh vi c quan Nh nc c thm quyn nh ch cc hot ng c th gy s c mi trng;

4- X l theo thm quyn hoc kin ngh vi c quan Nh nc c thm quyn x l cc vi phm. iu 42 T chc, c nhn phi to iu kin cho on thanh tra hoc Thanh tra vin thi hnh nhim v v chp hnh quyt nh ca on thanh tra hoc Thanh tra vin. iu 43 T chc, c nhn c quyn khiu ni vi Th trng c quan ra quyt nh thanh tra v kt lun v bin php x l ca on thanh tra hoc Thanh tra vin ti c s mnh. T chc, c nhn c quyn khiu ni, t co vi c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng hoc c quan khc ca Nh nc nhng hnh vi vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng. C quan nhn c khiu ni, t co c trch nhim xem xt, gii quyt theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 44 Khi c nhiu t chc, c nhn hot ng trong mt vng m c gy s c mi trng, nhim mi trng, suy thoi mi trng th thm quyn xc nh trch nhim phi x l v mi trng i vi t chc, c nhn c quy nh nh sau: 1- S c mi trng, nhim mi trng hoc suy thoi mi trng xy ra trong phm vi mt tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng do thanh tra chuyn ngnh v bo v mi trng ca tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng xc nh hoc bo co, ngh Ch tch U ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng xem xt quyt nh. Nu mt hoc cc bn khng ng vi quyt nh trn th c quyn khiu ni ln B trng B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng. Quyt nh ca B trng B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng c hiu lc thi hnh. 2- S c mi trng, nhim mi trng hoc suy thoi mi trng xy ra trong phm vi hai hoc nhiu tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng do thanh tra chuyn ngnh ca B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng xc nh hoc bo co, ngh B trng B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng xem xt quyt nh. Nu mt hoc cc bn khng ng vi quyt nh ca B trng B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng th c quyn khiu ni ln Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh. CHNG V QUAN H QUC T V BO V MI TRNG iu 45 Nh nc Vit Nam thc hin cc iu c quc t k kt hoc tham gia c lin quan n mi trng, tn trng cc iu c quc t v bo v mi trng trn nguyn tc tn trng c lp ch quyn, ton vn lnh th v li ch ca nhau. iu 46 Nh nc Vit Nam c chnh sch u tin i vi cc nc, cc t chc quc t, cc t chc, c nhn nc ngoi trong vic o to cn b, nghin cu khoa hc v mi trng, p dng cng ngh sch, xy dng v thc hin cc d n ci thin mi trng, khc phc s c mi trng, nhim mi trng, suy thoi mi trng, cc d n x l cht thi Vit Nam. iu 47 T chc, c nhn v ch phng tin khi qu cnh lnh th Vit Nam c mang theo cc ngun c kh nng gy s c mi trng, nhim mi trng phi xin php, khai bo v chu s kim tra, gim st ca c quan qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng ca Vit Nam. Trng hp vi phm php lut Vit Nam v bo v mi trng th tu theo mc m b x l theo php lut Vit Nam. iu 48 Tranh chp m mt bn hoc cc bn l ngi nc ngoi v bo v mi trng trn lnh th Vit Nam c gii quyt theo php lut Vit Nam, ng thi c xem xt n php lut v thng l quc t. Tranh chp gia Vit Nam vi nc khc trong lnh vc bo v mi trng c gii quyt trn c s thng lng, c xem xt n php lut v thng l quc t. CHNG VI KHEN THNG V X L VI PHM iu 49 T chc, c nhn c thnh tch trong hot ng bo v mi trng, pht hin sm v bo co kp thi cc du hiu s c mi trng, khc phc s c mi trng, nhim mi trng, suy thoi mi trng, ngn chn cc hnh vi ph hoi mi trng th c khen thng. Nhng ngi tham gia bo v mi trng, khc phc s c mi trng, nhim mi trng, suy thoi mi trng v u tranh chng cc hnh vi vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng m b thit hi ti sn, sc kho hoc tnh mng th c bi thng theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 50 Ngi no c hnh vi ph hoi, gy tn hi n mi trng, khng tun theo s huy ng ca c quan Nh nc c thm quyn khi c s c mi trng, khng thc hin quy nh nh gi tc ng mi trng, vi phm cc quy nh khc ca php lut v bo v mi trng th tu theo tnh cht, mc vi phm v hu qu xy ra m b x pht hnh chnh hoc b truy cu trch nhim hnh s. iu 51 Ngi no li dng chc v, quyn hn vi phm quy nh ca php lut v bo v mi trng, bao che cho ngi vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng, thiu tinh thn trch nhim xy ra s c mi trng, nhim mi trng, th tu theo tnh cht, mc vi phm v hu qu xy ra m b x l k lut hoc b truy cu trch nhim hnh s. iu 52 T chc, c nhn c hnh vi vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng, gy thit hi cho Nh nc, t chc, c nhn th ngoi vic b x l theo quy nh ti iu 50 v iu 51 ca Lut ny, cn phi bi thng thit hi, khc phc hu qu theo quy nh ca php lut. CHNG VII IU KHON THI HNH iu 53 T chc, c nhn trong nc hoc nc ngoi gy ra nhng tn hi nghim trng cho mi trng trc khi ban hnh Lut ny, cn lm nh hng xu lu di ti mi trng v sc kho ca nhn dn th tu theo mc phi c trch nhim bi thng thit hi v phc hi mi trng theo quy nh ca Chnh ph. iu 54 Lut ny c hiu lc k t ngy cng b. Nhng quy nh trc y tri vi Lut ny u bi b. iu 55 Chnh ph quy nh chi tit thi hnh Lut ny. Lut ny c Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam kho IX, k hp th t, thng qua ngy 27 thng 12 nm 1993.

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