Tìm thấy 13+ kết quả cho từ khóa "Energy intake"
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The changes in metabolic processes were related to up-regulation of expression in the liver upon excess energy intake (Additional file 4). substantial response to high-intake feeding and most did not exhibit significant changes in expression in the 3 tissues we examined (Additional file 5).
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Obesity can result from increased energy intake, decreased energy expenditure, or a combination of the two. Thus, identifying the etiology of obesity should involve measurements of both parameters. However, it is nearly impossible to perform direct and accurate measurements of energy intake in free-living individuals, and the obese, in particular, often underreport intake.
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For weight to remain stable, energy intake must match energy output. The major components of energy output are resting energy expenditure (REE) and physical activity. minor sources include the energy cost of metabolizing food (thermic effect of food or specific dynamic action) and shivering thermogenesis (e.g., cold-induced thermogenesis).
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However, due to the complexity of the neuroendocrine and metabolic systems that regulate energy intake, storage, and expenditure, it has been difficult to quantitate all the relevant parameters (e.g., food intake and energy expenditure) over time in human subjects.. ROLE OF GENES VERSUS ENVIRONMENT. Obesity is commonly seen in families, and the heritability of body weight is similar to that for height.
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Physiologic Regulation of Energy Balance. Substantial evidence suggests that body weight is regulated by both endocrine and neural components that ultimately influence the effector arms of energy intake and expenditure. This complex regulatory system is necessary because even small imbalances between energy intake and expenditure will ultimately have large effects on body weight.
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If the metabolic rate (energy requirement) is not matched by energy intake, weight loss results—slowly in hypometabolism and quickly in hypermetabolism.. however, losses greater than this in acutely ill hypermetabolic patients may be associated with rapid deterioration in body function.
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Methane production results from the digestive process of herbivore ruminants in the rumen, during anaerobic fermentation of soluble and structural carbohydrates, mainly in grass forage, and corresponds to an energy loss of around 6% (in temperate climate) or 10% (in tropical climate) of gross energy intake (USEPA, 2000)..
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It serves as an indicator of energy status especially adipose stores and is a postprandial satiety signaller (Houseknecht et al., 1998). Data from Ekpe and Christopherson (2000) and Ekpe et al. Leptin administration leads to loss of body fat due to an increase in the rate of metabolism coupled with reduced energy intake (Woods et al., 1998). Studies with cattle (Chilliard et al., 1998. Delavaud et al . Amstalden et al., 2000. Wegner et al., 2001.
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There is also a tendency for those who will develop obesity as infants or children to have lower resting energy expenditure rates than those who remain lean.. The physiologic basis for variable rates of energy expenditure (at a given body weight and level of energy intake) is essentially unknown. A mutation in the. human β 3 -adrenergic receptor may be associated with increased risk of obesity and/or insulin resistance in certain (but not all) populations.
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Hypothetical relationship between group size G and an unspecified surrogate for fitness (e.g., net rate of energy intake). 3) is the intake-maximizing group size. 10.1), the intake-maximizing group is unstable because a solitary forager can benefit from joining the group. BOX 10.2 Genetic Relatedness and Group Size. 0, where B is the net benefit for all relatives at which the act is directed and C is the cost of the act to the performer. (10.1.1) Group-Controlled Entry.
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Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA) is caused by a mismatch between energy expenditure and energy intake. Leptin secretion may play a key role in transducing the signals from the periphery to the hypothalamus in HA. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis may also play a role. The diagnosis of HA can generally be made on the basis of a careful history, physical examination, and the demonstration of low levels of gonadotropins and normal prolactin levels.
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It has been sug- gested that the reason for unrestricted feeding impairing on egg production of broiler breeder hens was mainly excessive intake leading to excessive energy intake .
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See also aspartame.. nephrocalcinosis Presence of calcium deposits in the kidneys;. neroli oil Prepared from blossoms of the bitter orange by steam distillation. net dietary protein calories See net dietary protein–energy ratio.. net dietary protein–energy ratio (NDpE) A way of expressing the protein content of a diet or food taking into account both the amount of protein (relative to total energy intake) and the protein quality.
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Excessive energy intake (NI1.5) (P) Excessive energy intake (NI1.5) (P) . related to” regular consumption of large related to” regular consumption of large portions of highfat meals (E) . as evidenced by” diet history &. 12 lb wt as evidenced by” diet history &. Problem: excessive energy intake Problem: excessive energy intake. Excessive energy intake P. Related to eating frequently in fast food . As evidenced by BMI of 30 and diet . of the nutrition problem.
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The energy metabolism of skeletal muscle greatly contributes to variations in feed efficiency. However, information regarding differences in proteins involved in the energy metabolism of the skeletal muscle in beef cattle divergently identified for feed efficiency is scarce. In this study, we aimed to investigate energy metabolism of skeletal muscle of Nellore beef cattle, identified for low and high residual feed intake using a proteomics approach..
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The central nervous system plays an important role in the energy homeostasis and feeding behavior in mammals and birds, and a complex neuronal network within the hypothalamus regulates appetite and energy balance [5, 6].
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The goats on CV and CV + CC had higher total DM and ME intake than those fed GG and GG + CV (P <. The goats on the CV diet had the highest CP intake (P <. The highest ADF intake was observed in the CC diet and followed by CC + CV, GG + CC, and GG diets, while NDF intake was not signi fi cantly different among the dietary treatments.
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Optimized calorie and high protein intake versus recommended caloric-protein intake in critically ill patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled phase II clinical trial. Protein requirements in the critically ill: a randomized controlled trial using parenteral nutrition. Early high protein intake is associated with low mortality and energy overfeeding with high mortality in non-septic mechanically ventilated critically ill patients.
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He stated that “for every degree you add, you reduce your energy costs about 3%. So, a 10°F rise in intake air means that about 30% of energy savings can be realized.” As he says, “In addition to saving our company money, we also help contribute to a cleaner environment since less fossil fuel is consumed.”.
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In this tissue, the low-energy diet lead to an over-expression of genes related to endocannabinoid signaling ( CN1R , NAPE-PLD ) and to the complement system, a part of the immune system, both known to regulate feed intake. The low-energy diet further affected brain plasticity-related genes involved in the cholesterol synthesis and in the synaptic activity, revealing a link between nutrition and brain plasticity.