Tìm thấy 14+ kết quả cho từ khóa "Ionic conductivity"
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Impedance spectra were applied to investigate the ionic conductivity of the samples via electrochemical systems Autolab PSGTAT 100. The ionic conductivity of the material is determined by the method of matching the experimental results using the NOVA software. Effect of temperature on morphology of LiNi x Mn 2-x O 4 materials. SEM images of the LiNi x Mn 2-x O 4 materials with replacement ratio of Ni (x = 0) synthesized by the sol - gel methood and then annealed at 300 °C.
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conductivity properties of the electrolyte as well as to increase the ionic conductivity.
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Electronic conductivity is determined by the elec- tronic bandgap, depending on the properties of the ions the material is composed of, whereas ionic conductivity is related to its crystal structure. Oxygen ion conduction in oxides can occur via transport of oxygen vacancies or interstitial oxygen ions, depending on the crystal struc- ture. Both are considered as defects with regard to the ideal crystal structure.
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The dependence of ionic conductivity on the dopant concentration in YDC (a) at 1073 K and YSZ (b) at 873 K and 973 K.. and the diffusion process occurs more easier. Consequently, the ionic conductivity increases with the temperature (Fig. The dependence of ionic conductivity vs 1/T at the various dopant concentrations for YDC (a) and YSZ (b).. We predict that the pressure dependence of ionic conductivity in YSZ is larger than that in YDC..
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Dry solid polymer electrolytes offer very low specific ionic conductivity on the order of 10 8 S cm 1 at ambi- ent temperature, which excludes them from practical applications. All plasticized gel polymer electrolytes, on the contrary, exhibit higher specific ionic conductivity. PPO-based electrolytes have also been proposed, but the ionic conductivity of the elec- trolyte is limited owing to steric hindrance offered by CH 3 molecule.
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Swollen ionomers can be considered as concentrated electrolytes in which one ionic species, the fixed ionic groups, is immobile. The specific ionic conductivity of swollen ionomers is therefore essentially given by the concentration and mobilities of the charged carriers (counter ions) that the material contains.. The ionic conductivity can be determined by various methods.
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However, there are important features other than the electrical conductivity, e.g., ionic conductivity, which is one of the main features of the cathode performance for SOFC. The most complex and least understood process in the overall SOFC-cathode mechanism is the ORR. of oxygen, perhaps because it is still not known which of the many elementary reactions are rate-limiting in the overall reaction and in which order they occur.
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One reason for the excellent performance of the full-temperature supercapacitor is that the montmorillonite fl ake/PVA (F-MMT/PVA) hydrogel-based electro- lytes reinforced by the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a nontoxic ma- terial with outstanding solubility and thermal stability, perform excellent ionic conductivity, capacitance, and low-temperature working ability, where the formation of highly conductive ionic transportation channels renders the hydrogel with ultrahigh ionic Fig.
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The ionic conductivity of beta alumina membranes at the temperature of operation of sodium sulfur cells is of the same order as the conductivity of the electrolyte in lead–.
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The difference between an ionic conductor and an insulator then lies in the concentration and mobility of defects, though this is of course a continuous scale, making the definitions of ‘conductor’ and ‘insulator’. As a rough guide though, materials with an specific ionic conductivity in the range S cm 1 and an activation energy in the region 0.6–.
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Allan, Svein Stølen, “Sr and Ga substituted Ba 2 In 2 O 5 : Linking ionic conductivity and the potential energy surface”, Solid State Ionics . Masashi Yoshinaga, Makoto Yamaguchi, Tatsuya Furuya, Shaorong Wang, Takuya Hashimoto, “The electrical conductivity and structural phase transitions of cation-substituted Ba 2 In 2 O 5. Yoshida, “Crystal structure of Ga-doped Ba 2 In 2 O 5 and its oxide ion conductivity”, Solid State Ionics .
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In fact, the increasing mean density in the title material increased the ionic conductivity and decreased the apparent activation energy for the considered com- pound. The dense ceramics ( D = 78%) of the studied material present a conductivity of S cm − 1 at 723 K and an activation energy of 1.20 eV. This value of conductivity for Na 2 Co 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 is intermediate in the lyonsite family.
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Lim, Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of Zn 2þ and Mg 2þ doped La 10 Si 6 O 27 electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells, Solid State Sci. [14] Jun Xiang, Jia-Hu Ouyang, Zhan-Guo Liu, Guo-Chao Qi, Influence of pentava- lent niobium doping on microstructure and electrical conductivity of oxy- apatite La 10 Si 6 O 27 electrolytes, Electrochim. Sakamoto, Fabrication of c-axis-oriented apatite-type polycrystalline La 10 Si 6 O 27 ceramic and its anisotropic oxide ionic conductivity, Ceram.
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However, the advantages of LiFePO 4 are still open to research because of the low electronic conductivity of LiFePO 4 and its delithiated form FePO 4 , as well as the low ionic conductivity of these phases. 7 One of the most rele- vant methods for reducing particle size was reported to be the hydrothermal method by Aimable et al., who investigated supercritical water medium in hydrothermal synthesis to reduce impurities, particle size, and cost.
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Indeed, impedance measurements indicated that electrode resistance increased upon cycling presumably because of the decrease in the polymer electronic interchain conductivity.
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In our proposed sensor, the ionic liquids not only increased the gas solubility of the matrix but also behaved as an internal buffering system that increased the stability of the pyrene dye even under the ambient air of the laboratory conditions. 41,42 Additionally, the presence of ionic liquid in the sensing cocktail facilitated the electrospinning process by increasing the electrical conductivity in the media. The structures of the employed ionic liquids are shown in Figure 1..
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The current passing through an ionic solution in ED and the resultant transport of ions is related to the conductivity of the ionic solutions. 15 , it is the counter-ion that intervenes to fix the value of membrane conductivity as a function of its mobility and size. ion-exchange membranes will be and thus conductivity of the membrane decreases. Anionic transport numbers were measured for the membrane as a function of the current intensity and the time of ED.
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The variation of the electrical conductivity of a saturated porous material σ with fluid electrical conductivity σ w predicted from the Archie model and the proposed model.. Electrical conductivity of different packs of glass bead versus the electrical conductivity of the pore fluid. The solid lines are from the proposed model presented by eq.
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The expressions of the complex fluctuation conductivity including all Landau levels is presented in explicit form which is applicable essentially to both temperature above and below T c . Keywords: Complex conductivity. Ginzburg-Landau equation.
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These results may provide knowledge about the catalytic activities of neutral and ionic Pd-NHC complexes, which bear the same NHC ligands.. A general method for the synthesis of ionic Pd(II)-NHC includes the reaction of 1 equiv. this produces the corresponding ionic Pd(II)- N -heterocyclic carbene complex. A similar synthetic method for the synthesis of ionic palladium(II)-NHC complexes was reported by Huynh [18].