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Greece leads the world in the production of perlite and leads Europe in the production of bauxite and benton- ite. The country has few re- serves of petroleum, and it must import most of its oil and natural gas.. The Country. Greece is a small, mountainous country occupying the southern portion of the Balkan Peninsula in south- eastern Europe. Once...
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Environmental law in the United States;. Greenpeace evolved from activists’ concerns about nuclear testing near Alaska in the late 1960’s. awareness of threats to the Earth’s natural resources and calling for action to protect them.. Friends of the Earth Interna- tional. Groundwater is that portion of the Earth’s subsurface water that is contained within the zone of saturation.. It accounts...
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Although aluminum is the most common metal in the Earth’s surface, 8 percent by weight, it is almost always combined with other elements. Aluminum is difficult to separate from the common ores of alumi- num such as oxides and silicates. The liquid aluminum falls to the bottom of the cell, where it is siphoned off by a vac- uum system....
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Hyping Health Risks: Environmental Hazards in Daily Life and the Science of Epidemiology.. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.. New York:. Category: Mineral and other nonliving resources. Helium is also found in the Earth’s atmosphere.. The most important use of helium is as a cryogenic coolant, since it permits cooling to temperatures lower than any other substance. Helium is also...
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Since plants are besieged by a panoply of biological agents that utilize plant tissues as a food source, plant protection from pests is a major concern in the horti- culture industry. Plant protection from microbes, nematodes, and insects generally involves either preventing or restrict- ing pest invasion of the plant, developing plant variet- ies that will resist or at least...
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The increase in the num- ber of commercial greenhouse operations has re- sulted in a tremendous increase in the use of hydro- ponic systems. Greenhouses are utilized in the production of a wide array of bedding plants, flowers, trees, and shrubs for commercial as well as for home and garden use. While these sys- tems are similar in their use...
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The large volume of household waste is becoming an increasing problem for many localities in the United States. Because waste incineration requires high tempera- tures, a possibility exists for the generation of electrical energy as a by-product of the process. In the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, “trash-to-energy” processes appeared to have a promising future in several U.S. Char- lotte,...
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Before Indonesia’s independence after World War II, Royal Dutch Shell dominated oil production in the country, with concessions on the three main islands of Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan (then Borneo). Initial involvement of other foreign firms (most notably Caltex and Texaco) led to discovery of the Duri and Minas fields in Riau Province in Sumatra just before World War II....
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in the postwar era and added to the demand for petro- leum fuels. These diverse uses of the internal combus- tion engine and its dependability made this design a favorite in the marketplace for more than one cen- tury despite its inefficiency and the fact that it pol- luted the environment.. The demand and consumption of petroleum as a fuel...
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Moreover, the combined burdens of gov- ernment subsidies and price controls in the food sector remain burdensome to Iran’s economy.. Wheat, Iran’s most important crop, is grown mainly in the western and northwestern regions of the coun- try. From 1999 to 2004, wheat imports in the Middle East began to contract, especially in Iran. How- ever, this gain was short-lived...
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RIA is used worldwide in the determina- tion of hormones, drugs, and viruses.. The technique is so specific that con- centrations in the picomolar region can be measured. Pharmacokinetics is the study of the rates of move- ment and biotransformation of a drug and its metabo- lites in the body. Many kinetic parameters, such as a drug’s half-life in the...
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Killing Game: International Law and the African Elephant. Walker’s Mammals of the World. Members of the Izaak Walton League of America pledge to strive for the purity of water, the clarity of air,. and the wise stewardship of the land and its resources.. They seek to understand nature and the value of wild- life, woodlands, and open space.. The IWLA...
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Kazakhstan will continue to be a major player in the global oil market. This directive seeks to vault Kazakhstan into the world’s fifty most economically developed counties. While much of the natural gas production fulfills domestic consumption, Kazakhstan does ex- port more than 8 trillion cubic meters, ranking it twenty-third in the world between Brunei and the United Arab Emirates....
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From a non- anthropocentric point of view, only those actions that tend to preserve the integrity and stability of the eco- systems at a local and global scale can be considered correct.. That was the case of the U.N.. the cre- ation, in 1983, of the U.N. Ethical Land Use: Principles of Policy and Planning. Land Institute. Globally, the demand...
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If present, these features could provide avenues for the downward or lateral migration of mineralized flu- ids generated in the landfill. The site should also not be near an airport because of the possibility of birds attracted to the site encountering aircraft in flight.. Most landfills employ a multiple-barrier approach to contain the materials placed at the site, The base...
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“Chemistry of Leaching Processes.” In Chemical Hydrometallurgy: Theory and Principles. “Leaching.” In The Chemistry of Gold Extraction. “Nitrogen Transformations.” In Soil Microbiology, Ecology, and Biochemistry, edited by Eldor A. Lead is widely distributed in the Earth’s crust. it has an estimated percentage of the crustal weight of 0.0013, making it more common than silver or gold but less common then...
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Lithium carbonate and lithium borate are used in the ceramic industry as glaze constituents, while lithium perchlorate is a powerful oxidizing agent used in solid fuel for rockets. In medicine, lithium amide is important in the synthesis of antihistamines, and lithium carbonate is used as a drug to treat a form of mental illness known as bipolar affective disorder (or...
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The Bushveld intrusion accounts for almost 50 per- cent of the world’s production of vanadium.. Evolution and Differentiation of the Continental Crust. New York:. “Magma.” In Volcanism. Magnesium is a widespread and abundant element.. Magnesium is also found in many minerals, notably magnesite (MgCO 3. Magnesium is used principally in alloys, refractory materials (60 percent of U.S. Pure magnesium is...
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Efficiency can be increased by hav-. ing more insulation in the walls, a furnace that burns more completely, a furnace that uses exhaust gases to preheat air coming into it, a stove with a lighter rather than a pilot light, and controls that shut off heat to un- used areas.. This heat production does not fully use the energy of...
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In addition, large amounts of carbon, oxygen, and elec- tricity are consumed in the various metallurgical pro- cesses by which the raw materials are converted for use.. Although the term “metal” is difficult to define abso- lutely, there are two working definitions that include almost three-quarters of the elements of the periodic table classified as metals. Physically, metals contain free...