Có 40+ tài liệu thuộc chủ đề "Y khoa"
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OTAS © aims to be such a comprehensive and robust measure of teamwork in surgery. We report, in detail, the conceptual background, initial development and empirical application, revision and further testing of the OTAS. Components of Teamwork. Systematic study of teamworking started in the 1950s and 1960s, with an emphasis on military teams. Subsequently, empirical study of teamwork extended to...
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Exemplar behaviours and demonstrative scenarios for each sub-team/stage of a procedure are fully described in the OTAS user manual (Undre and Healey 2006, freely available for research use at: <http://www.csru.org.uk>).. Further Empirical Testing: Urological Cases (Undre et al. feasibility of the revised OTAS © tool;. usefulness of the revisions;. reliability in the behavioural scoring.. As in the previous study, care...
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Major failures may expose more threats, create more errors and can lead directly to an adverse outcome (Catchpole et al. Though we did not directly measure surgical outcomes or observe any death, in more than 40 cases the Great Ormond Street team observed over 500 minor problems and 8 major problems that represented considerable lapses in the quality of care...
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Thanks also to the rest of the Great Ormond Street project team, and especially Professor Marc de Leval and Mr Tony Giddings.. The Evaluation of Non-technical Skills of Multi-pilot Aircrew in Relation to the JAR-FCL Requirements. (2005) Identifying and Reducing Errors in the Operating Theatre (Rep. Catchpole, K., Giddings, A.E., Wilkinson, M., Dale, T., Hirst, G., and de Leval, M.R....
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Figure 8.2 shows a screen shot of the RATE event-marking software just after a case has started. The left half of the screen is for conversation tracking and the right half of the screen is for event tracking. In particular, the upper portion of the left half of the screen allows observers to manually track conversations between members of the...
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Thomas et al. The reasoning regarding leader and follower attitudes does not apply to the issue of leader behaviour and follower behaviour. In contrast to attitudes, if several members of a team simultaneously apply some of the identified ‘leadership‘. In agreement with Thomas et al. Accordingly, in agreement with Murray and Foster (2000) and Ostergaard et al. Behaviour markers for...
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It is important to keep in mind the impact of patient outcome variables, clinical performance and team members’ subjective experiences of the process of teamworking. It stems from mastery of oneself, being fully aware and in tune with the rest of the team, despite leadership or followership and irrespective of the current context. According to empirical evidence, one reason could...
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One of the underlying principles of error management is the recognition of the inevitability of human error and the adoption of a blame-free environment.. Most of the time commercial pilots fly as ad hoc teams and often work with unfamiliar team members, with different skills and knowledge and different tasks and responsibilities. One of the barriers for teamwork is partly...
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the most reported ones are described below, subdivided into the categories used in the questionnaire.. Improving communication between all team members, improving information on patient characteristics, surgical day schedule, necessary equipment, and surgical approach (32 per cent of the remarks ‘communication &. The results of the pilot provide important information for implementing TOPplus on a wider scale and ensure that...
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Integrating Non-Technical Skills into Anaesthetists’ Workplace-based Assessment. In this chapter, the authors will provide a brief account of the development of the Anaesthetists’ Non-Technical Skills (ANTS) system and then consider how this system may find a suitable home in the UK anaesthetic curriculum (Anaesthetists’. Non-Technical Skills System Handbook).. But first, what are non-technical skills (NTS)? Within the context of anaesthesia...
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Technical skills. Communication skills – Patient Communication skills – Staff Clinical judgement Organization/efficiency Professionalism Overall clinical care. Non-Technical Skills and Anaesthetists’ Workplace-based Assessment Tools 185. It is important to note that use of the approach outlined above does not suggest that the MiniCEX, DOPS or CBD should replace the ANTS system. However the training of consultant anaesthetists to become trainers...
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Frame of Reference training (FOR): Increase rating accuracy by focusing on the different levels of performance (Salas et al. Reportedly, it is seemingly straightforward to train a single group of raters and achieve a relatively high level of inter-rater agreement and accuracy when compared to a standard set rated by an expert (Salas et al. The rate of between-group rater...
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Specifically, on the individual level, relevant factors include technical competence, heterogeneous knowledge (Rosen et al. 2008), high work commitment (Nyssen et al. 2003) and a variety of attitudes towards the interpersonal aspect of one’s work and the effects of stress on performance (Flin et al. On the team level, anaesthetic teams are mostly crew-like (Arrow et al. 2000, Tschan et...
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Grabbing an instrument out of the hand of a team member without explanation.. Technical alarm Includes technical (acoustic) warning signals from one of the machines.. Only the fair Kappa value for implicit information coordination points out the need for further refining of the respective categories. The specific strengths of the taxonomy are (a) the precise assessment of explicit as well...
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Yule et al 2006) and systematic behavioural task analysis (Manser and Wehner 2002, Weinger et al. In the patient safety literature, it has been widely recognized that team performance is crucial to providing safe patient care and that many of the factors contributing to adverse events in healthcare originate from flawed teamwork rather than from a lack of clinical skills....
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In a current project (see also Chapter 13 by Kolbe et al. This research aims at improving instruments and procedures for team performance assessment by comparing and potentially integrating two observation systems for coordination behaviour. The results of this study will provide an important contribution to improving systems used to assess coordination as a central aspect of team performance. If...
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We also observed 45 handovers, of which 35 took place in the recovery room, 6 in the operating theatre and 2 in the theatre corridor leading to the recovery room.. There were transitions related to physical movement – from ward, to anaesthetic room, into theatre, into recovery and then back to the ward. There was also movement of the patient...
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There does not seem to be a great deal in the research literature on how relationships between members of the interprofessional team are negotiated. In the context of handovers, there is a substantial body of research on nurse-to-nurse handovers (Kerr 2002, Manias and Street 2000, Sherlock 1995), and some recent interest in handovers between doctors (Horn et al. 2004, Solet...
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The ASA score subjectively categorizes patients into five sub-groups by preoperative physical fitness and appear in Table 16.2 (Mazzocco et al. The ASA score was devised in 1941 by the ASA as a statistical tool for retrospective analysis of hospital records and has been revised periodically (Walker 2002). In nine patients, the ASA score was not recorded in either the...
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Finally, a recent study reported a significant correlation between subjective ratings of teamwork with postoperative morbidity (Davenport et al. some studies in other areas have found only marginal benefit for patients (Nielsen et al. We believe that there are two broad lines of research that should be pursued and that will ultimately converge in the form of effective team training...