Tìm thấy 18+ kết quả cho từ khóa "Neoplasms of the Lung"
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The benign neoplasms of the lung, representing <5% of all primary tumors, include bronchial adenomas and hamartomas (90% of such lesions) and a group of very uncommon benign neoplasms (epithelial tumors such as bronchial papillomas, fibroepithelial polyps. mesenchymal tumors such as chondromas, fibromas, lipomas, hemangiomas, leiomyomas, pseudolymphomas. tumors of mixed origin such as teratomas. and other diseases such as endometriosis).
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 1). Neoplasms of the Lung. The incidence of lung cancer peaks between ages 55 and 65 years. Lung cancer accounts for 29% of all cancer deaths (31% in men, 26% in women). Lung cancer is responsible for more deaths in the United States each year than breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer combined. more women die each year of lung cancer than of breast cancer..
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 5). Central or endobronchial growth of the primary tumor may cause cough, hemoptysis, wheeze and stridor, dyspnea, and postobstructive pneumonitis (fever and productive cough). Peripheral growth of the primary tumor may cause pain from pleural or chest wall involvement, dyspnea on a restrictive basis, and symptoms of.
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 4). Inherited Predisposition to Lung Cancer. While an inherited predisposition to develop lung cancer is not common, several features suggest a potential for familial association. People with inherited mutations in RB (patients with retinoblastomas living to adulthood) and p53 (Li- Fraumeni syndrome) genes may develop lung cancer.
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 7). Table 85-2 Tumor, Node, Metastasis International Staging System for Lung Cancer. IA T1 N0 M0 61 67. IB T2 N0 M0 38 57. IIA T1 N1 M0 34 55. IIB T2 N1 M0 24 39. IIB T3 N0 M0 22 38. IIIA T3 N1 M0 9 25. T1–2–3 N2. T0 No evidence of a primary tumor. TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed, or tumor proven by the presence of malignant cells in sputum or bronchial washings but not visualized by imaging or bronchoscopy.
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 18). Bronchial Adenomas. Bronchial adenomas (80% are central) are slow-growing endobronchial lesions. they represent 50% of all benign pulmonary neoplasms. are carcinoids, 10–15% are adenocystic tumors (or cylindromas), and 2–3% are mucoepidermoid tumors. Adenomas present in patients 15–60 years old (average age 45) as endobronchial lesions and are often symptomatic for several years..
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 11). In the uncommon situation where malignant cells are identified in a sputum or bronchial washing specimen but the chest radiograph appears normal (TX tumor stage), the lesion must be localized. More than 90% can be localized by meticulous examination of the bronchial tree with a fiberoptic bronchoscope under general anesthesia and collection of a series of differential brushings and biopsies..
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 9). Chest radiographs and CT scans are needed to evaluate tumor size and nodal involvement. CT scans of the thorax and upper abdomen are of use in the preoperative staging of NSCLC to detect mediastinal nodes and pleural extension and occult abdominal disease (e.g., liver, adrenal), and in planning curative radiation therapy. However, mediastinal nodal involvement should be documented histologically if the findings will influence therapeutic decisions.
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 14). Non-small cell carcinomas of the superior pulmonary sulcus producing Pancoast's syndrome appear to behave differently than lung cancers at other sites. Patients with these carcinomas should have the usual preoperative staging procedures, including mediastinoscopy and CT and PET scans, to determine tumor extent and a neurologic examination (and sometimes nerve conduction studies) to document involvement or impingement of nerves in the region.
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 8). Small Cell Lung Cancer. In this system, limited-stage disease (seen in about 30% of all patients with SCLC) is defined as disease confined to one hemithorax and regional lymph nodes (including mediastinal, contralateral hilar, and usually ipsilateral supraclavicular nodes), while extensive-stage disease (seen in about 70% of patients) is defined as disease exceeding those boundaries..
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Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 15). Bulky NSCLC Stage IIIA and Dry IIIB (IIIB Without a Pleural Effusion). The presence of pathologically involved N2 nodes should be confirmed histologically because enlarged nodes detected by CT will be negative for cancer in ~30% of patients. Chemotherapy plus radiation therapy is the treatment of choice for patients with bulky stage IIIA or IIIB disease without pleural effusion (referred to as "dry IIIB".
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Black C et al: Population screening for lung cancer using computed tomography: Is there evidence of clinical effectiveness? A systematic review of the literature. Eberhardt W et al: Chemoradiation paradigm for the treatment of lung cancer. Hayes DN et al: Gene expression profiling reveals reproducible human lung adenocarcinoma subtypes in multiple independent patient cohorts. J Clin Oncol PMID: 17075127]. Sato M et al: Molecular genetics of lung cancer and translation to the clinic..
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The lung cancer death rate is related to the total amount (often expressed in "cigarette pack-years") of cigarettes smoked, such that the risk is increased 60- to 70-fold for a man smoking two packs a day for 20 years as compared with a nonsmoker. Conversely, the chance of developing lung cancer decreases with cessation of smoking but may never return to the nonsmoker level. The increase in lung cancer rate in women is also associated with a rise in cigarette smoking
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However, no decline in the number of advanced lung cancer cases or deaths from lung cancer was noted in the screened group. Thus, spiral CT appears to diagnose more lung cancer without improving lung cancer mortality. While CT screening will detect lung cancer in 1–4% of the patients screened over a 5-year period, it also detects a substantial number of false-positive lung lesions (ranging from 25 to 75% in.
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The long-term survival for patients with all stages of lung cancer who receive radiation with curative intent is about 20%. In patients with a major degree of underlying pulmonary disease, the treatment plan may have to be compromised because of the deleterious effects of radiation on pulmonary function.. Patients with resected stage IA NSCLC receive no other therapy but are at a high risk of recurrence (~2–3% annually) or developing a second primary lung cancer.
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Patients with squamous cancer cannot receive bevacizumab because of their tendency toward serious hemorrhagic side effects. Patients with brain metastases, hemoptysis, and bleeding disorders or who need anticoagulation are also not eligible to receive the agent. Clinical responses have been seen in a large fraction of the small subset of patients with tumors bearing mutations in the EGFR..
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Staging of Small Cell Lung Cancer. Most patients with SCLC have unresectable disease. Lung Cancer: Treatment. The overall treatment approach to patients with lung cancer is shown in Table 85-4. Table 85-4 Summary of Treatment Approach to Patients with Lung Cancer. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Small Cell Lung Cancer
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Table 85-5 Randomized Studies of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in NSCLC. EC OG 3590 (II–IIIA). post-op concurrent RT + cis/etoposide. AL PI (I–IIIA). Surgery + post-op. IAL TIB–IIIA. Surgery + post-op Cis + VP16/vinca. Surgery + post-op UFT. post-op. NC I-CIB–II. Note: RT, radiation therapy. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage IB disease is undefined.. Subset analysis of all the randomized studies showed no benefit in patients with. stage IB.
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adenocarcinoma of the lung. When we compared the survival outcomes of the different treatment regimens, patients with IMA treated by. None of the conventional regimens produced a better outcome. Keywords: Adenocarcinoma of the lung, Mucinous, Stage IV, Prognosis, Treatment outcome. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/..
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The incidence and the risk of pneumothorax and chest tube placement after percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsy: the angle of the needle trajectory is a novel predictor. Predictors of pneumothorax and chest drainage after percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsy: A prospective study. Pulmonary function testing. Use of spirometry to predict risk of pneumothorax. in CT-guided needle biopsy of the lung. Risk of pneumothorax in CT-guided transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy of the lung.