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Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 140

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In the same year, the country ac- counted for 2.9 percent of the world’s bauxite and 1.4 percent of aluminum output. Venezuela consistently ranks in the top twenty-five exporters of aluminum.. Most of these com- modities come from mining activities in the Andes Mountains or Guiana Highlands.. The Resources of the Third World. Hugo Chávez: Oil, Politics, and the Challenge...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 141

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It includes a number of practices such as the use of ozone, which is a strong oxidizing agent, to remove most of the remaining BOD, odor, and taste, and the addition of alum as a phosphate precipitator. This method has several distinct advantages over the traditional direct discharge of the effluent into surface watercourses.. First, biologic digestion in the soil...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 142

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American definitions of water rights contain elements of English common law and French civil law.. To govern rights regarding surface waters, two funda- mental systems of water law have emerged over time:. The key issues concerning the definition of water rights are how they are acquired, how they are maintained over time (or conversely, lost), and to what precisely the...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 143

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Weathering processes produce or affect most of the world’s natural resources. They consist of various mineral salts such as rock salt, borax, gypsum, and the carbonates calcite and dolomite. Primary biochemical precipitates form when organisms remove dissolved minerals from water and produce hard parts such as shells. New York: W. “Weather- ing.” In Soils: Genesis and Geomorphology. New York:. trade...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 144

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Production of wheat begins with the selection of the seed. For winter wheat, the seed is planted in the fall, generally at the time of the average first frost. Spring wheat is generally planted as early as is practical in the spring, which is usually early March in the areas where spring wheat is normally grown. In the United States,...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 145

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Energy from fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and oil) was in abundance and had essentially displaced wind power. However, Europe was developing more wind-power technologies. During the 1990’s, wind power was one of the fastest- growing sources of energy.. Wind Energy Technology. When the Sun warms areas of the Earth at different rates and the various surfaces absorb or reflect...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 146

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Woody material is produced in many plants, but its most useful manifestation is in the limbs and trunks of trees. Thus wood is generally available in most inhabited regions of the world. These terms can be misleading, since they are not connected to the actual hardness of the wood.. In fact, balsa is classified as a hardwood even though it...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 147

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Zimbabwe has the second largest reserve of gold on the African continent and the second largest reserve of platinum in the world. The country also boasts the largest elephant herd in the world as well as a sizable impala herd. The Country. Zimbabwe is in the southeastern corner of Africa, bor- dered to the north by Zambia, to the east...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 148

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Cement, portland TX, CA, PA, FL, MI All other states, except AK, CT, DE, HI, LA, MA, MN, NC, ND, NH, NJ, RI, VT, WI. Clays, common TX, NC, AL, OH, GA All other states, except AK, DE, HI, ID, NH, NV, RI, VT, WI. Gemstones, natural 2 TN, OR, AZ, CA, AR All other states. Lime MO, AL, KY,...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 149

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Resource Description and Leading Producers Abrasives. World production capac- ity in 2008 was led by China, Norway, Germany, the United States, Canada, Aus- tria, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, India, France, Venezuela, Japan, and Argentina.. Aluminum Aluminum is used in transportation packaging, building, electrical components, machinery, and consumer durables. World production capacity in 2008 was led by China, Russia, Canada, the United...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 150

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More than half of magnesium compounds are used in refractories, with the re- maining used in agricultural, chemical, construction, environmental, and indus- trial applications. Magnesium metal Magnesium metal is a constituent of aluminum-based alloys used in packaging, transportation, castings, wrought products, and desulfurization of iron and steel.. Manganese Most manganese ore is used in iron manufacture and making ferroalloys for...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 151

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Fiji Timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower Finland Timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver,. France Coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, fish. Gabon Petroleum, natural gas, diamond, niobium, manganese, uranium, gold, timber, iron ore, hydropower. Gaza Strip Arable land, natural gas. Georgia Forests, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 152

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407 The gold and silver statues of the Acropolis are melted down to pay for the Athenian fleet.. 347 Rome introduces its coinage in the form of weights of copper.. 312 Romans begin construction of the Appian Way, which ultimately stretches for 600 kilometers.. 50 The water wheel is invented in Greece and is soon also used in the Roman...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 153

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Black lung disease: A pneumoconiosis, or disease of the respiratory system, brought on by long-term in- halation of coal dust.. See also Anion.. Chemical weathering: The chemical decomposition of solid rock by processes that change its original materials into new forms that are chemically stable at or near the Earth’s surface. See also Mechanical weathering. See also Weather.. Crust: The...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 154

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Gabriola Island, B.C.: New Society, 2009.. Cordesman, Anthony H., and Khalid R. New York:. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.. Goetzberger, A., and Volker U. New York: Springer, 2005.. Herbst, Alan M., and George W. New York: John Wiley, 2007.. New York: John Wiley &. Holland, Geoffrey B., and James J. New York: Crabtree, 2008.. New York: J. Suppes, J.,...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 155

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New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.. The Politics of the Global Oil Industry: An Introduction. New York:. The Law of the Sea: Progress and Prospects. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.. New York: Algora, 2006.. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.. New York: Novinka Books, 2007.. New York: Foundation Press, 2007.. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2008.. Fishing for Answers: Making...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 156

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International Whaling Commission http://www.iwcoffice.org. A simple Web site that provides reports, press re- leases, and other statements from the commission.. The Land Institute http://www.landinstitute.org. This Web site centers on news, publications, and programs. http://www.nps.gov/plants/MEDICINAL/index.htm A Web site dedicated to outlining the medicinal uses of plants. http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/. The Web site has downloadable versions of entire assessment reports on issues such as...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 157

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world production, 1 Abyssal zone, 852. See also nation names. See also Atmosphere Air Quality Act Air Quality Control Regions, 211 Air transportation . end-use statistics, 34. world production, 31. world production, 819. end-use. world production, 67 Arsenite, 66. end-use statistics, 70. world production, 71. See also Air pollution. See also Fuel cells;. end-use statistics, 102. See also Genetic diversity....

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 158

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See also Zaire Coniferous trees, 464. Convention on the Law of the Sea Convention on Trade in. See Category Index. Democratic Republic of the Congo, 237;. end-use statistics, 254;. world production, 251 Copper carbonates, 179 Coquina, 695. world production, 259 Corn syrup, 1172. See also Oil. end-use statistics, 9. Democratic Republic of the Congo. organizational structure, 290 Department of the...

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 159

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world production, 631. See Category Index under. end-use statistics, 691. world production, 689. end-use statistics, 694. end-use statistics, 697. world production, 709. world production, 710 Magnetic alloys, 633. end-use statistics, 715. world production, 714. world production, 700. See also Cattle;. See also Human health. end-use statistics, 726. See also specific names Metamictization, 731-732 Metamorphism, 732-738. See also Natural gas. end-use...