Có 20+ tài liệu thuộc chủ đề "Douglas Bell"
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defensive programming 241 delegation design pattern 153 Deming, W.E. exploratory programming 396 Extract Class refactoring 167 extreme programming 332 façade design pattern 156 factory method 155 failure 13. immutable design pattern 157 inception 371. incremental development 314 incremental testing 277 information hiding 74 inheritance inheritance design pattern 152 inheritance refactoring 168 Inline Class refactoring 168 inspection 286. Java JSP, see...
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Software Engineering forStudents A Programming Approach forStudents A Programming Approach. This fully revised version of Douglas Bell’s Software Engineering: A Programming Approach continues to use the successful formula of the previous editions. This book is a unique introduction to software engineering for all students of computer science and its related disciplines. Self-test questions within each chapter help the reader to...
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Answers to self-test questions 120. Further reading 120. 10.1 Introduction 121. 10.6 Discussion 134. Answers to self-test questions 138. Further reading 138. 11.1 Introduction 139. 11.7 Discussion 147. Answers to self-test questions 149. Further reading 149. 12.1 Introduction 151. 12.12 Layers 159. 12.14 Discussion 161. Answers to self-test questions 163. Further reading 164. 13.1 Introduction 165. 13.9 Discussion 171. Answers...
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The prerequisites for understanding this book are:. This book explains the different principles, techniques and tools that are used in soft- ware development. This book doesn’t present easy answers about the value of these techniques. Indeed, it asks the reader to make an assessment of the techniques. This is what the software engineer has to do – now and in...
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8 Chapter 1 ■ Software – problems and prospects. The reason for the remarkably low price is, of course, that the producers of the software sell many identi- cal copies – the mass production of software has arrived. Nonetheless, the availability of cheap packages conveys the impression that software is cheap to produce.. These tools enable certain types of program...
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greater emphasis on trying to ensure that software is free of errors (verification).. Verification, prototyping and other such techniques actually address only some of the problems encountered in software development. One term that is used a lot these days in connection with software is the word qual- ity. One might argue that any product (from a cream bun to a...
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2.1 Discussion question on validation and verification: What do the following mean, what is the difference between them, and which is better?. As we shall see, in some process models all of the stages are visible, while in other process models some of the stages vanish or become part of some other stage.. It is the second of these meanings...
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Thus the implementation of one system (the old) acts as a major ingredient in the specification for the new system. Finally, the specification of the new system is derived from the design (implementation) of the old system. Second, it is vital to consider implementation in order to estimate the cost and deliv- ery date of the software. achievable – the...
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4.7 Who should be consulted when collecting the requirements for a process control sys- tem or an embedded system? (It is not immediately obvious who the users of these systems will be.). The user offers up their card. The system prompts for the PIN. The user enters the PIN. The system checks the PIN. If the card and PIN are...
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58 Chapter 5 ■ User interface design. predictability – is the effect of any of the user actions predictable? A user should never be surprised by the behavior of a system.. synthesizability – can the user see the effect of their actions? A counter-example of this characteristic is some Unix commands, which give the user no information or even a...
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Thus a component is a fairly independent piece of program that has a name, some instructions and some data of its own. A compo- nent is used, or called, by some other component and, similarly, uses (calls) other components.. Ideally, each component should be self-contained and have as few references as possible to other components. It is therefore critical for...
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We have already seen why this is undesirable.. Even so, it is possible to worsen the coupling by passing as a parameter not pure data but an element of control. This is undesirable simply because it is unnecessarily compli- cated. Here we have a form of coupling that is nearly ideal. The components interact in a well- defined manner, suffering...
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One view of structured programming is that it holds that programs should only be built from three components: sequences (normally written in the order in which the statements are to be executed), selections (normally written as if-then-else. The goto statement is, by implication, banned. In this chapter we begin by examining the controversy about the goto statement. The outcome of...
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98 Chapter 7 ■ Structured programming. This seriously weakens the abstraction, since at any level of detail all of the data has to be considered. Thus control abstraction is only one side of the coin. The idea of abstraction is a powerful tool in constructing software that is under- standable, but, by itself, it is inadequate. In order to create...
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A major characteristic of functional decomposition is its flexibility, or (put another way) its lack of guidance. According to functional decomposition they are all reasonable. Because there is always more than one solution to a problem – more than one design that meets the specification – the user of functional decomposition is duty bound to find not just one solution,...
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118 Chapter 9 ■ Data flow design. To make wine, we have first to grow vines, pick the grapes, transport them to the farm, and then press them. After this we have to pour the wine into bottles, store the bottles for some time, and finally transport them to the shop.. Data flow design recognizes this as the archetypal structure...
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128 Chapter 10 ■ Data structure design. Batch Input file. Figure 10.8 Data structure diagram for input file. Figure 10.9 Data structure diagram for report. in the report.. The data structure diagrams are given in Figures 10.8 and 10.9.. So we can draw a single, composite pro- gram structure diagram as in Figure 10.10.. Writing down operations, attaching them to...
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We begin this chapter by reviewing the distinctive features and principles of object- oriented programming (OOP). Inheritance allows a class to be reused by using some of the existing facilities, while adding new facilities in a secure manner.. Object-oriented languages are usually accompanied by a large and comprehensive library of classes. Thus the process of programming involves using existing library...
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148 Chapter 11 ■ Object-oriented design. 11.1 Complete the design of the game presented in the chapter. 11.2 Design the software structure for each of the systems described in Appendix A.. 11.3 Can OOD be characterized as a top-down, a bottom-up or some other process?. 11.4 If programming and design are really two aspects of the same process (as OOD...
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158 Chapter 12 ■ Design patterns. These relationships between components are the essence of the MVC pattern. The advantages are that the model, the view or the controller can be changed without affecting any other part of the system. Furthermore, additional views and controls can be added easily.. In the software for the cyberspace invaders game, there must be a...