Optimal application of stereotactic body radiotherapy and radiofrequency ablation treatment for different multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma lesions in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A4–B1: A pilot study
- hepatocellular carcinoma lesions in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage. - Background: In clinical practice, many hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A4 – B1 cannot receive the curative treatments of liver transplantation, resection, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which are the recommended options according to liver cancer guidelines. - To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.. - The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.. - Full list of author information is available at the end of the article. - Conclusions: For patients with BCLC stage A4 – B1, RFA and SBRT treatment for different multifocal HCCs may be a potential option because of the favorable prognosis and safety. - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous dis- ease. - The management of the therapeutic approach to its treatment may vary and strongly relates to the patients ’ states, the characteristics of lesions, and the tumor stage.. - Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an emerging non-surgical locoregional treatment modality that involves the delivery of high individual doses of radiation with high geometric precision and accuracy to the targeted lesion [10]. - By comparative analysis of a Markov model, Seo et al. - As described by Wang et al. - [26] and Hao et al. - For the internal target volume, an internal margin (4–6 mm) was created around the clinical target volume (CTV) according to the respiratory movement of the diaphragm observed during fluoroscopy. - 20% of the normal liver receiving >. - PFS was defined as the time from the initial treat- ment (RFA or SBRT in our study) of the target HCC le- sion to the first occurrence of disease progression or death from any cause, whichever occurred first. - The outcome of this study was death or dropout of the patients. - They were calculated from the date of the earlier therapy (either RFA or SBRT). - 1 Flowchart of the study population. - Abbreviations: HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma. - RFA: radiofrequency ablation. - 1 HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma. - (e) An 11 mm lesion located in S5 was detected in the AP of the contrast-enhanced CT image. - (f,g) Grayscale US and color Doppler flow image of the lesion. - Red arrows in (a – c) and (e – p) indicate the location of the target lesion or post-treated area. - Before this study was conducted, we speculated that our SBRT and RFA treatment strategy may cause cumulative adverse effects because of the short treatment intervals between RFA and SBRT (4–60 days). - Thin arrows in (a – d) and (f – m) indicate the location of the target lesion or post-treated area. - Mendiratta-Lala et al. - HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma. - Hepatocellular carcinoma. - https://doi.org/10.1016/S . - Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: the BCLC staging classification. - https://doi.org/10.1 055/s . - 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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii
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