Có 17+ tài liệu thuộc chủ đề "bài giảng vật lý bậc đại học"
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1/29/2008 1. 1/29/2008 2. Piezoelectric effect. 1/29/2008 3. We have known how can describe the electric field in vacuum.. How is the electric field in a matter environment?. 1/29/2008 4. 1.1 Effects with dielectrics in an electric field:. One might at first believe that there should be no effect with dielectrics in respond to an electric field. A simple experiment...
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Charges and electric field on conductors. Capacitance of conductors and capacitors. Energy storage in capacitors and electric field energy. Charges and electric field on conductors:. The electric field equals zero everywhere inside the conductor E = 0. The electric potential is constant inside the conductor V = const. The electric field vector on the surface of conductors direct along the...
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Magnetic Field. Magnetic interaction and magnetic field. Magnetic field of a current – magnetic field calculations. Amper’s law and application. By analogy to electric interaction we introduce for magnetic interaction the concept of magnetic field which is the means of transfering magnetic interactions:. A magnet sets up a magnetic field in the space around it and the second magnet responds...
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Induced electromotive force and induced electric fields. Mutual inductance and self-inductance. Magnetic field energy. In the previous chapter we know that:. current magnetic field. changing magnetic field current. Inside the shaded region, there is a magnetic field into the board.. If the loop is stationary, the. (c) No Current Now the loop is pulled to the right at a velocity...
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Atomic magnetic moment - Bohr magneton. Investigation of the magnetic properties of materials is very important, because magnetic phenomena have various scientific and technical applications.. The macroscopic properties of matter are a manifestation of the microscopic properties of the atoms of which it is composed.. The magnetic properties of materials may be very different for types of material, depending on...
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System of Maxwell’s equations. Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic fields can propagate in the space (vacuum or material environment). We call them electromagnetic waves. There is a qualitative difference in the time development of the currents produced in these two cases. In the RC circuit, any current developed will cause energy to be dissipated in the resistor.. In the...
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Kinetic–molecular model of an ideal gas. We will know that the thermal phenomena are determined by internal motions of molecules inside a matter. There exists a form of energy which is called thermal energy, or “heat”, which is the total energy of all molecular motions, or internal energy.. First we consider an modelization of gas: “ideal gas”.. Kinetic–molecular model of...
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The First Law of Thermodynamics. Heat, work and paths of a thermodynamic process. The first law of thermodynamics. Kinds of thermodynamic processes. Thermodynamic processes for an ideal gas. For a system with volume held constant, the effect of heat is to change the temparature of a system.. In general cases, for a system there exist, at the same time, transfer...
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics. Entropy and quantitative formulation of the second law. The first law of thermodynamics gives the quantiative relations between the internal energy of a system and the quantities of heat and work that the system exchange with surroundings. In an isolating system a heat transfer from the cold part to the...
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“Diffraction” of light can be understood as any deviation of light rays from their geometrical propagation line (that is straight in a homogeneuos material). Some light appears in the geometrical shadow, and there are dark. and light fringers in the area of illumination.. circular aperture. 1.1 Diffraction through a circular aperture:. in the screen must be a light circular dick...
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Polarization of light Polarization of light. Natural and polarized light. Study of polarization of light makes clear that. Natural and polarized light:. Natural (unpolarized) light ray. The light waves emitted by any individual molecule can be linearly polarized (definite in direction),. but any natural light source consists of a very large number of molecules with random orientation → natural light...
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Wave phenomena of light:. Interference of light Interference of light. Interference of coherent sources of light. Interference of light from coherent sources:. We consider an overlap of light that comes from two sources.. Two sources have the same frequency f (the same wave length. 1.1 Coherent sources of light:. Common sources of light do not emit monochromatic light (single-frequency light)....
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Quantum theory of light Quantum theory of light. Blackbody radiation. Planck’s theory of radiation. Einstein’s theory of light. At the end of the 19-th century, physics was at its most confidence situation. Classical phyics, as formulated in Newton’s law of mechanics and Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetism, have proved very successful in solving every problem.. But then it came as a...
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The wave nature of particles. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. The wave-particle duality of matter is the fundamental concept of modern physics. Newton’s classical physics should be replaced by the new mechanics which is able to describe the wave nature of particles. The wave nature of particles:. In 1923, de Broglie put a simple, but extremely important idea which initiated the...
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Nuclear binding energy and nuclear force. It is well known for you that every atom contains as its center a nucleus that is:. carrying almost the total mass of the atom. In nuclear physics, the masses of particles are usually expressed in the energy units – MeV . (It is based on the formula E = mc 2. Then, 1u...
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Discrete atomic states band of crystal states Fill according to Pauli Principle. Number of Bloch states. N = total number of. Partially filled band good conductor. Total number of atoms = N. Total number of electrons =14N Fill the Bloch states. Total number of electrons = 14N Fill the Bloch states. Semiconductor: number n of free. band...
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GENERAL PHYSICS III GENERAL PHYSICS III. Chapter XXV Chapter XXV. Quantum Generators Quantum Generators. Principle of light amplification. Properties of laser beams. R adiation Quantum generators are. light sources that work by a special principle of light amplification. §1.Principle of light amplification:. Atoms absorb light (photon) and transist from a lower to higher (exited) energy levels. 1.1.2 Spontaneous emission:. The...