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English grammar drills part 1

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(i-viiiB,001-328B) whl bk.indd i PM. 0071598111_lester_title.indd PM. (i-viiiB,001-328B) whl bk.indd iii PM. Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without...

English grammar drills part 2

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All of the exercises have complete answers in the back of the book. English Grammar Drills is organized into three parts: Part 1 covers noun phrases, the fi rst of the two fundamental building blocks of English grammar. Part 2 explores verb phrases, the second of the two fundamental building blocks of English grammar. Proper and common nouns. Compare the...

English grammar drills part 3

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If the noun ends in a voiced consonant sound (except a sibilant) or any vowel (all vowels in English are voiced), then the plural is formed with the voiced sibilant /z/, which is also spelled -s. Words ending in the letter y are little more complicated. The plural -s is pronounced /z/ in the expected way. To see the differ-...

English grammar drills part 4

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As such, we can- not use it with number words or in the plural. chicken (count): There were a dozen chickens in the yard. All of the underlined nouns in the following sentences are in the plural. If the plural is used correctly with a count noun, write OK above the noun.. Please be careful of the woods on the...

English grammar drills part 5

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Comparative Superlative some: X somer X somest strong: stronger strongest. Order of modifi ers: Some strong coffee keeps me awake at night.. Predicate adjective: X The coffee is some.. Comparative Superlative true:. Order of modifi ers: stories are in the book.. Predicate adjective: The stories are . Comparative Superlative his:. Order of modifi ers: cupcakes were the hit of the...

English grammar drills part 6

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They also account for the great majority of nonnative speaker errors in noun modifi cation. There are two types of articles: the defi nite article the and the indefi nite articles a/an and some.. Defi nite articles. The defi nite article the is normally unstressed. It is pronounced /ðǝ/ (rhymes with duh) before words beginning with a consonant sound. instead...

English grammar drills part 7

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Some of the places listed above are unique. Since these are unique places, the use of the defi nite article makes sense. However, there are many banks, drugstores, and grocery stores in a city, so it seems odd that we would use the with these nouns when the listener has no way of knowing which particular bank, drugstore, or grocery...

English grammar drills part 8

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Use the appropriate article in the blank spaces in the following sentences. If the sentence is mak- ing a generalization, put in the blank space to show that no article is used.. trucks are never allowed in the left lane.. Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph with the appropriate article. We can summarize the use of the indefi...

English grammar drills part 9

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The door in the dining room really needs a new coat of paint.. The witness to the crime refused to testify.. The rim of the cup was chipped.. The waiting period in the clinic is nearly an hour.. It seemed like we visited every old church in the city.. The period just after sunset is the most dangerous time to...

English grammar drills part 10

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Temporal noun: This is the time when/that we agreed to meet.. Residents of the city have not registered will not be able to vote.. The neighborhood I live is getting more expensive all the time.. The following chart summarizes the basic rules about how the external and internal consid- erations jointly determine the form of the relative pronouns:. Underline all...

English grammar drills part 11

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Here are examples of restrictive and nonrestrictive adjective clauses. The adjective clauses are underlined, and the relative pronouns are in italics:. Restrictive: The house that is on the corner of Elm and 17th Street is for sale.. However, when we delete the nonrestrictive adjective from the second example, the basic meaning of the original sentence remains unchanged:. Obviously, when we...

English grammar drills part 12

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The taxi cab driver had a GPS system in the cab.. All the senior executives of the company were called to a special meeting.. The population of North Dakota is one of the few in the United States that is actually falling.. The Southern Cross is the best-known constellation in the Southern Hemisphere.. The fi rst-person pronouns (I, me, we,...

English grammar drills part 13

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The general rule is that the antecedent of a refl exive pronoun is the nearest preceding noun that plays the role of subject or object of a verb. The understood you is the antecedent to the refl exive pronouns yourself or yourselves.. Fill in the blank with the appropriate refl exive pronoun. There is another, completely different use of refl...

English grammar drills part 14

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Underline the gerund phrases in the following sentences. The problem was attaching such a big fi le to the e-mail.. One of the hardest things about identifying gerunds is telling apart a verb in a progressive tense from a gerund that follows a linking verb. In the case of our example, we can change the past progressive was get- ting...

English grammar drills part 15

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Underline the infi nitive phrases in the following sentences. Then shift the phrases to the end of the sentence, using a dummy it in the subject position.. To begin eating while the hostess was in the kitchen seemed terribly rude.. Noun Clauses. Noun clauses are dependent clauses that function as noun phrases. Here are examples of noun clauses playing the...

English grammar drills part 16

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When a that clause is used as the object of a verb, we often delete the word that from the beginning of the noun clause. That clauses are unique in this respect: no other type of noun clause has the option of deleting its introductory word. Consequently, anytime we recognize a noun clause that does not begin with a distinctive...

English grammar drills part 17

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Here are some examples, fi rst with an information question, then a wh- clause mistakenly using the same question word order, and fi nally the correct wh- clause word order. Information question: Who is that man?. Incorrect wh- clause: X I know who is that man.. Correct wh- clause: I know who that man is.. Incorrect wh- clause: X I...

English grammar drills part 18

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The six basic verb forms are the base, the present tense, the past tense, the infi nitive, the present participle, and the past participle. The next chapter covers the forma- tion and meaning of the tenses created from these six verb forms and from the modal auxiliary verbs.. All verbs (with the important exceptions of be and the modal auxiliary...

English grammar drills part 19

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Two other verbs have irregular pronunciations in the third-person singular:. All of the verbs in the following list form their third-person singular in the regular way with a single sibilant sound pronounced /s/ or /z/ or with a separate unstressed syllable pronounced /ǝz/. Write the third-person singular form of the noun in the /s/, /z/, or /ǝz/ column depending on...

English grammar drills part 20

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Present participle. The present participle is also completely regular. It is formed by adding -ing to the base form.. Base form Present participle be being. The rules of spelling sometimes cause the present participle to be spelled differently from the base form. If the base form ends in a fi nal silent e, the e will drop. Base form Present...