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Defense response

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Transcriptome responses to different herbivores reveal differences in defense strategies between populations of Eruca sativa

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In addition, the defense response in plants of the desert population involved upregulation of flavonoid synthesis and sclerophylly.. Conclusions: The results indicated that differing defense responses in plants of the two populations are governed by different signaling cascades. Moreover, the defense responses in plants of the desert habitat, which include upregulation of mechanical defenses, also could be associated with their dual role in defense against both biotic and abiotic stresses..

Developmentally regulated activation of defense allows for rapid inhibition of infection in age-related resistance to Phytophthora capsici in cucumber fruit

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The uniquely increased expression of the cucumber WRKY33 and downstream upregulation of ethylene synthesis observed in resistant fruit could thus be a central component in regulation of the successful defense response in cucumber ARR..

PacBio full-length transcriptome of wild apple (Malus sieversii) provides insights into canker disease dynamic response

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We speculated that the ET could be ac- tively involved in the defense response to the infection of V. It inferred that JA and ET could operate synergistically in regulating the defense-related genes to respond to the V. Differentially expressed TFs response to the V. In this study, the members of the Trihelix, bZIP, bHLH, MYB_related, and AP2-ERF families were in- volved in the response to the early stage the invasion of V.

Transcriptome response comparison between vector and non-vector aphids after feeding on virus-infected wheat plants

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To understand the mechanism of STAT5B in the insect immune defense response, we designed primers using Primer Premier 5.0 to clone STAT5B based on the sequence found in the transcriptome (Table S3). All sequences used in the analysis are listed in Table S4. Primers of the genes used for RT-PCR. Primers of the genes used for RT-qPCR. Table S4 Sequences used in the STAT5B analysis.

Transcriptome analysis of early stages of sorghum grain mold disease reveals defense regulators and metabolic pathways associated with resistance

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The 31 defense response genes that were up-regulated in RTx2911 at 24 hpi include pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, NPR1/NIM1 (Sobic.001G143000), NPR1 interact- ing (Sobic.003G086200), defensins (gamma-thionin), antimicrobial peptides, receptor like kinases, WRKY transcription factors, jasmonate ZIM domain (JAZ), iso- flavone 2′-hydroxylase, CHY zinc finger, and a putative.

A combined microRNA and transcriptome analyses illuminates the resistance response of rice against brown planthopper

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Transcriptome analysis revealed notable differences in the response of the BPH6G and WT plants to BPH feeding. The indu- cible defense responses against BPH in BPH6G plants were more robust during early feeding stages compared with WT as a larger number of up-regulated DEGs (FCs ≥ 2) were detected in the BPH6G.

Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of alfalfa in response to microRNA156 under high temperature

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In the current study, the miR156OE plants exhibited improved antioxidant capacity, which may suggest that miR156 can exert a defense response against ROS under heat stress conditions, and this could potentially improve heat stress tolerance in alfalfa..

Infection and RNA-seq analysis of a zebrafish tlr2 mutant shows a broad function of this toll-like receptor in transcriptional and metabolic control and defense to Mycobacterium marinum infection

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These re- sults show that the tlr2 mutation results in a defect in the defense response against mycobacteria at 4 dpi..

RNA-Seq and secondary metabolite analyses reveal a putative defence-transcriptome in Norway spruce (Picea abies) against needle bladder rust (Chrysomyxa rhododendri) infection

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In the present study, we combined RNA-Seq and LC-MS to investigate the defense response of Norway spruce infected by C. This combined approach has been proven to be very useful in the study of molecular defense mechanisms of host plants against pathogens . 6 Overview of the complex defense response. Shown are the main activated and inhibited pathways and processes in the different compartments of Picea abies cells during infection by Chrysomyxa rhododendri.

Identification and characterization of genes frequently responsive to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Magnaporthe oryzae infections in rice

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Here, combining the routine GO terms, we tentatively use more broad terms to describe the GO enrichment results of the DEGs in the Xoo- and Mor-infected rice samples. (3) translation, post- translation regulation, and (4) defense response in the up-regulated genes by Xoo (Fig.

Genome-wide identification of lysin motif containing protein family genes in eight rosaceae species, and expression analysis in response to pathogenic fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea in Chinese white pear

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The re- sults suggested that the selection of the function of per- ception and defense response to chitin was beginning at a very early stage and continuing up to now.

Verticillium wilt resistant and susceptible olive cultivars express a very different basal set of genes in roots

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A role for two-component signaling elements in the Arabidopsis growth recovery response to ethylene. Spermine signaling plays a significant role in the defense response of Arabidopsis thaliana to cucumber mosaic virus. Cotton polyamine oxidase is required for spermine and camalexin signalling in the defence response to Verticillium dahliae. Transposon activation is a major driver in the genome evolution of cultivated olive trees (Olea europaea L

Differential basal expression of immune genes confers Crassostrea gigas resistance to Pacific oyster mortality syndrome

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Second, the GO enrichment analysis on DEGs shared by at least two of the three resistant families (1792 DEGs, Additional file 2) revealed five enriched functional categories (Fig. families, we first analysed the 374 DEGs belonging to the above identified functions (ie. defense response, re- sponse to stress, defense response to other organism, re- sponse to external stimulus and protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal) and shared by at least two of the three resistant families

Adaptation of pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to β-pinene stress

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Therefore, it is speculated that the high concentration of β-pinene in- duced by the pine defense response may induce the ability of PWN-associated bacteria to degrade and de- toxify β-pinene, which may assist the PWN to resist de- fensive response of the pine trees, and promote reproduction ability of the PWN’s population. PWN expresses a large number of detoxification- and reproduction-related genes involved in the response to β- pinene stress.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) serotonin Nacetyltransferase (VvSNAT2) gene involved in plant defense

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The Chinese wild grapevine (Vitis pseudoreticulata) E3 ubiquitin ligase Erysiphe necator-induced RING finger protein 1 (EIRP1) activates plant defense responses by inducing proteolysis of the VpWRKY11 transcription factor.

The molecular signatures of compatible and incompatible pollination in Arabidopsis

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Among the other upregulated genes in the stigma, PIRL2 (AT3G26500) protein is involved in gam- etophyte development [75], FLOT1 (AT5G25250) in a clathrin-independent endocytosis pathway [76], the deg- radation of which is enhanced following flg22 elicitation [77], ROH1 (AT1G63930) in secretion of seed coat pec- tin and exocyst function [78], QQS (AT3G30720) in plant defense [79], and MLO12 (AT2G39200) in defense response to fungi as a susceptibility factor to powdery mildew pathogens [80] (Fig.

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the Camelina sativa WRKY gene family in response to abiotic stress

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A single amino acid insertion in the WRKY domain of the Arabidopsis TIR-NBS-LRR-WRKY-type disease resistance protein SLH1 (sensitive to low humidity 1) causes activation of defense responses and hypersensitive cell death

Genome-wide identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs conferring resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in walnut (Juglans regia)

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“defense response to bacterium, incompatible inter- action ” in MEbrown2 module. “immune system process” in MEwhite module. These re- sults suggest that these genes may play important roles in the process of resistance to C. Phytohormones are known to be im- portant in the regulation of defense responses in plants [47 – 49]. 32 genes were identified in the significantly enriched KEGG pathway “Plant hormone signal transduction”..

Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the roles of secondary metabolism in the adaptive responses of Stylosanthes to manganese toxicity

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Recently, it has been documented that high Mn adaptability in stylo may be achieved by its fine regulation of proteins involved in specific pathways, such as defense response, photosynthesis and metabol- ism [11]. Furthermore, important roles of organic acids, such as malate, in stylo adaptation to Mn toxicity have been reported.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of the newly discovered insect vector of the pine wood nematode in China, revealing putative genes related to host plant adaptation

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These genes might involve in defense response against oxidative stress, e.g., reactive oxygen species (ROS) intake in the feeding behavior. In addition, we found that one peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSRA) gene was upregulated in the popula- tion feeding on P. In the present study, ten genes encoding heat shock pro- teins (Hsp), including seven Hsp70 and three Hsp68, were upregulated in the population feeding on P.